Buoyancy and fluid flow
... Further, if the fluid is incompressible (liquids are difficult to compress, gases are not), then ρ1 = ρ2, and we have A1 v1 = A2 v2 This equation says that the narrower the channel, the faster the flow (or conversely, still water runs deep). Common example: nozzle of a garden hose – narrow = fast. N ...
... Further, if the fluid is incompressible (liquids are difficult to compress, gases are not), then ρ1 = ρ2, and we have A1 v1 = A2 v2 This equation says that the narrower the channel, the faster the flow (or conversely, still water runs deep). Common example: nozzle of a garden hose – narrow = fast. N ...
Experiments on cylinder wake stabilization
... Lorentz force is mainly directed parallel to the cylinder surface. One could imagine two plates as shown in Fig. 1 each wrapped around a half cylinder, so that the Lorentz forces on both sides have the same direction. Depending on the polarity of the applied electric field the force sketched by the ...
... Lorentz force is mainly directed parallel to the cylinder surface. One could imagine two plates as shown in Fig. 1 each wrapped around a half cylinder, so that the Lorentz forces on both sides have the same direction. Depending on the polarity of the applied electric field the force sketched by the ...
Chapter 2 - CP Physics
... • Many common phenomena can be explained by Bernoulli’s equation – At least partially ...
... • Many common phenomena can be explained by Bernoulli’s equation – At least partially ...
Gravity waves on water - UMD Physics
... The advective term is quadratic in v, whereas the first term in (2) is linear and the force terms are independent of v. For small velocities you might therefore expect that the advective term is negligible, but what exactly does “small” mean? A velocity has dimensions LT −1 , so it is meaningless to ...
... The advective term is quadratic in v, whereas the first term in (2) is linear and the force terms are independent of v. For small velocities you might therefore expect that the advective term is negligible, but what exactly does “small” mean? A velocity has dimensions LT −1 , so it is meaningless to ...
Chapter 7.doc
... Free convection heat transfer coefficient for a vertical plate decreases with distance from the leading edge. Thus, the flux also decreases. ...
... Free convection heat transfer coefficient for a vertical plate decreases with distance from the leading edge. Thus, the flux also decreases. ...
abstract - Department of Mechanics and Physics of Fluids
... the lid. Pairs of counter-rotating rolls are crosssections of small spirals running radially from the wall to the lid axis; displayed section of 15mm width. ...
... the lid. Pairs of counter-rotating rolls are crosssections of small spirals running radially from the wall to the lid axis; displayed section of 15mm width. ...
Equipment- High Pressure Viscometer
... Viscosity is the resistance to flow. Numerous technologies have been developed and used to measure the resistance. Those are spindle-rotation, vibrating, acoustic, falling ball, and glass capillaries to name a few. These methods simply give index rather than measuring the true viscosity for non-Newt ...
... Viscosity is the resistance to flow. Numerous technologies have been developed and used to measure the resistance. Those are spindle-rotation, vibrating, acoustic, falling ball, and glass capillaries to name a few. These methods simply give index rather than measuring the true viscosity for non-Newt ...
How Airplanes Fly: Lift and Circulation
... ρhwv∞vy, and the upward force exerted on the wing by the air is −ρhwv∞vy which is > 0 because vy < 0. A vertical section of the closed path that includes vy contributes hvy < 0 to Γ. Thus the lifting force/length is Fy/w = −ρv∞Γ > 0. In 1902 Martin Kutta in Germany published “Lifting forces in flowi ...
... ρhwv∞vy, and the upward force exerted on the wing by the air is −ρhwv∞vy which is > 0 because vy < 0. A vertical section of the closed path that includes vy contributes hvy < 0 to Γ. Thus the lifting force/length is Fy/w = −ρv∞Γ > 0. In 1902 Martin Kutta in Germany published “Lifting forces in flowi ...
flowing fluids and pressure variation!
... Turbulence is associated with intense mixing and unsteady flow.! ...
... Turbulence is associated with intense mixing and unsteady flow.! ...
Boundary layer
In physics and fluid mechanics, a boundary layer is the layer of fluid in the immediate vicinity of a bounding surface where the effects of viscosity are significant. In the Earth's atmosphere, the atmospheric boundary layer is the air layer near the ground affected by diurnal heat, moisture or momentum transfer to or from the surface. On an aircraft wing the boundary layer is the part of the flow close to the wing, where viscous forces distort the surrounding non-viscous flow. See Reynolds number.Laminar boundary layers can be loosely classified according to their structure and the circumstances under which they are created. The thin shear layer which develops on an oscillating body is an example of a Stokes boundary layer, while the Blasius boundary layer refers to the well-known similarity solution near an attached flat plate held in an oncoming unidirectional flow. When a fluid rotates and viscous forces are balanced by the Coriolis effect (rather than convective inertia), an Ekman layer forms. In the theory of heat transfer, a thermal boundary layer occurs. A surface can have multiple types of boundary layer simultaneously.The viscous nature of airflow reduces the local velocities on a surface and is responsible for skin friction. The layer of air over the wing's surface that is slowed down or stopped by viscosity, is the boundary layer. There are two different types of boundary layer flow: laminar and turbulent.Laminar Boundary Layer FlowThe laminar boundary is a very smooth flow, while the turbulent boundary layer contains swirls or ""eddies."" The laminar flow creates less skin friction drag than the turbulent flow, but is less stable. Boundary layer flow over a wing surface begins as a smooth laminar flow. As the flow continues back from the leading edge, the laminar boundary layer increases in thickness.Turbulent Boundary Layer FlowAt some distance back from the leading edge, the smooth laminar flow breaks down and transitions to a turbulent flow. From a drag standpoint, it is advisable to have the transition from laminar to turbulent flow as far aft on the wing as possible, or have a large amount of the wing surface within the laminar portion of the boundary layer. The low energy laminar flow, however, tends to break down more suddenly than the turbulent layer.