Forced Convection
... shear stress at the surface) and the pressure drag which is due to pressure differential between the front and rear side of the body. As a result of transition to turbulent flow, which moves the separation point further to the rear of the body, a large reduction in the drag coeffic ...
... shear stress at the surface) and the pressure drag which is due to pressure differential between the front and rear side of the body. As a result of transition to turbulent flow, which moves the separation point further to the rear of the body, a large reduction in the drag coeffic ...
Derive from first principles the Poiseuille equation for
... words, even if the pressure in the tube is very large, there will be no motion of the fluid if there is no difference in pressure between the two ends and the motion will be in the direction of the positive pressure difference. In an ideal fluid with no viscosity, the fluid will move in bulk. Howeve ...
... words, even if the pressure in the tube is very large, there will be no motion of the fluid if there is no difference in pressure between the two ends and the motion will be in the direction of the positive pressure difference. In an ideal fluid with no viscosity, the fluid will move in bulk. Howeve ...
Flow of liquid through a tube
... The proof of the relationship was first produced by Poiseuille in 1844 using dimensional analysis (a different proof based on the mechanics of fluids is available, but is outside the scope of this work at this level). Consider a fluid of viscosity flowing through a tube of length L and radius r du ...
... The proof of the relationship was first produced by Poiseuille in 1844 using dimensional analysis (a different proof based on the mechanics of fluids is available, but is outside the scope of this work at this level). Consider a fluid of viscosity flowing through a tube of length L and radius r du ...
ENSC 283 Week # 10, Tutorial # 6
... Find: – , the average velocity of the fluid film Step 2: Calculations Since the flow is assumed to be uniform, the only velocity component is in the y direction (the component) so that 0. It follows from the continuity equation that / 0, and for steady flow / 0, so that ...
... Find: – , the average velocity of the fluid film Step 2: Calculations Since the flow is assumed to be uniform, the only velocity component is in the y direction (the component) so that 0. It follows from the continuity equation that / 0, and for steady flow / 0, so that ...
Fluid statics and dynamics
... perpendicular to the surface. The length of the cylinder above water is 2.0 cm. What is the cylinder’s mass density? ...
... perpendicular to the surface. The length of the cylinder above water is 2.0 cm. What is the cylinder’s mass density? ...
Flume handout
... Animals and plants continually interact with the living and non-living features of their surroundings. In benthic ecology, water flow is an especially important part of the physical environment. Due to physical properties of fluids in contact with ‘solid’ boundaries (such as the seabed), there is a ...
... Animals and plants continually interact with the living and non-living features of their surroundings. In benthic ecology, water flow is an especially important part of the physical environment. Due to physical properties of fluids in contact with ‘solid’ boundaries (such as the seabed), there is a ...
GEF 2500 Problem set 3 U
... A dry parcel that is ascending adiabatically through the atmosphere will generally cool as it moves to lower pressure and expands and its potential temperature stays the same. How can this be consistent with your answer in (a)? ...
... A dry parcel that is ascending adiabatically through the atmosphere will generally cool as it moves to lower pressure and expands and its potential temperature stays the same. How can this be consistent with your answer in (a)? ...
Boundary layer
In physics and fluid mechanics, a boundary layer is the layer of fluid in the immediate vicinity of a bounding surface where the effects of viscosity are significant. In the Earth's atmosphere, the atmospheric boundary layer is the air layer near the ground affected by diurnal heat, moisture or momentum transfer to or from the surface. On an aircraft wing the boundary layer is the part of the flow close to the wing, where viscous forces distort the surrounding non-viscous flow. See Reynolds number.Laminar boundary layers can be loosely classified according to their structure and the circumstances under which they are created. The thin shear layer which develops on an oscillating body is an example of a Stokes boundary layer, while the Blasius boundary layer refers to the well-known similarity solution near an attached flat plate held in an oncoming unidirectional flow. When a fluid rotates and viscous forces are balanced by the Coriolis effect (rather than convective inertia), an Ekman layer forms. In the theory of heat transfer, a thermal boundary layer occurs. A surface can have multiple types of boundary layer simultaneously.The viscous nature of airflow reduces the local velocities on a surface and is responsible for skin friction. The layer of air over the wing's surface that is slowed down or stopped by viscosity, is the boundary layer. There are two different types of boundary layer flow: laminar and turbulent.Laminar Boundary Layer FlowThe laminar boundary is a very smooth flow, while the turbulent boundary layer contains swirls or ""eddies."" The laminar flow creates less skin friction drag than the turbulent flow, but is less stable. Boundary layer flow over a wing surface begins as a smooth laminar flow. As the flow continues back from the leading edge, the laminar boundary layer increases in thickness.Turbulent Boundary Layer FlowAt some distance back from the leading edge, the smooth laminar flow breaks down and transitions to a turbulent flow. From a drag standpoint, it is advisable to have the transition from laminar to turbulent flow as far aft on the wing as possible, or have a large amount of the wing surface within the laminar portion of the boundary layer. The low energy laminar flow, however, tends to break down more suddenly than the turbulent layer.