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Digital Decoders
Digital Decoders

...  Given a red LED with a VF of 1.7 volts, a 5 volt output and a maximum output current of 5mA, calculate the series resistance value.  Calculate the current of a series LED circuit where the LED has a VF of 2.0 V, the resistor is 220Ω and the output voltage is 5V.  What does the voltage at point A ...
NORSOK STANDARD E-001 Electrical systems
NORSOK STANDARD E-001 Electrical systems

Application Note
Application Note

... Positive Temperature Coefficient (PTC) devices are simple, inexpensive, but critical circuit components that protect against overload or short-circuit (fault) conditions. Although multiple differences exist between PTCs and traditional one-time fuses, probably the most notable is that PTCs can allow ...
Evaluation Board User Guide UG-136
Evaluation Board User Guide UG-136

... circuitry, damage may occur on devices subjected to high energy ESD. Therefore, proper ESD precautions should be taken to avoid performance degradation or loss of functionality. Legal Terms and Conditions By using the evaluation board discussed herein (together with any tools, components documentati ...
MAX31180 Spread-Spectrum Crystal Multiplier General Description Features
MAX31180 Spread-Spectrum Crystal Multiplier General Description Features

... PDN input can be used to place the device into a lowpower standby mode where the SSO output is three-stated. If the PDN pin is open, the SSO output is active but ...
MAX3314E ±15kV ESD-Protected, 460kbps, 1µA, RS-232-Compatible Transceiver General Description
MAX3314E ±15kV ESD-Protected, 460kbps, 1µA, RS-232-Compatible Transceiver General Description

OH3424982502
OH3424982502

... A short circuit of a few turns of the winding will give rise to a heavy fault current in the shortcircuited loop, but the terminal currents will be very ...
Article in English (Word doc)
Article in English (Word doc)

LynTec RS-232 Controlled Retrofit Relay Panels
LynTec RS-232 Controlled Retrofit Relay Panels

... A/C circuit protection and control in a single panel solution. All three control options are available in full size panel boards and load centers, as well as a modular raintight cabinet for use in modifying existing Square D panels. Load Centers (LC): MSLC (Sequencing), LCLC (DMX individual circuit ...
Condition Monitoring of Electrical Machines ABB MACHsense Solution
Condition Monitoring of Electrical Machines ABB MACHsense Solution

... analysis which only extract the shock pulses related to bearing defects using special signal processing methods such as adaptive filtering and likelihood ratios to improve the signal sensitivity. Estimates the following parameters to evaluate the condition of the bearing: Kurtosis , high frequency R ...
instruction manual for dodge d-series clutch/brakes
instruction manual for dodge d-series clutch/brakes

application aspects
application aspects

... virtually no dv/dt limitation, as it behaves as a simple low gain bipolar transistor with open base. Under certain conditions, it may be necessary for the GTO to block forward voltage capability without an energised gate unit, as during start-up or fault conditions). In these cases, a resistor perma ...
QUOTATION High Voltage Testers
QUOTATION High Voltage Testers

TPS75003 - Texas Instruments
TPS75003 - Texas Instruments

AP7217A
AP7217A

... and GND pins to decouple input power supply glitch and noise. The amount of the capacitance may be increased without limit. A lower ESR (Equivalent Series Resistance) capacitor allows the use of less capacitance, while higher ESR type requires more capacitance. This input capacitor must be located a ...
LM3914 Dot/Bar Display Driver
LM3914 Dot/Bar Display Driver

... programmable, eliminating the need for resistors. This feature is one that allows operation of the whole system from less than 3V. The circuit contains its own adjustable reference and accurate 10-step voltage divider. The low-bias-current input buffer accepts signals down to ground, or V−, yet need ...
Sepam 2000 Retrofit - Schneider Electric
Sepam 2000 Retrofit - Schneider Electric

... ● The rated primary current: This is the primary side current for which the output voltage is equal to 22.5mv ● The extended primary current: “metering” class of precision is maintained until this current value. ● The accuracy limit primary current or the accuracy limit factor (ALF): Multiplier of t ...
Comparison of cost and efficiency of DC versus AC in
Comparison of cost and efficiency of DC versus AC in

... It has been known for a long time that direct current (DC) is potentially more convenient, in terms of efficiency, in the transmission of electrical energy than three-phase current and, a fortiori, singlephase current. Losses that occur in cables are potentially lower for DC than AC, because the cab ...
Heater / Filament Supplies
Heater / Filament Supplies

... Valve heaters can be run in parallel or series, or with a little juggling a combination of the two. The common dual-triode pre-amp valves such as the ECC81, ECC82, ECC83, 12AY7, E88CC, all have three heater connections, so the heater for each triode can be wired in parallel, or in series at half the ...
DAC 3 - godinweb
DAC 3 - godinweb

AN-346 High-Performance Audio Applications
AN-346 High-Performance Audio Applications

... The circuit of Figure 2(a) has a disadvantage: it cannot accurately follow the curve in Figure 1, no matter what values are chosen for the feedback resistors and capacitors. This is because the non-inverting amplifier cannot have a gain of less than unity, which means that the high frequency gain ca ...
TPS7A3401
TPS7A3401

1 Introduction to 3 phase induction motors
1 Introduction to 3 phase induction motors

... the secondary of a two winding transformer receiving its power from primary. That is why an induction motor can be called as a rotating transformer i.e., in which primary winding is stationary but the secondary is free to rotate. ...
MAX115/MAX116 2x4-Channel, Simultaneous-Sampling 12-Bit ADCs ________________General Description
MAX115/MAX116 2x4-Channel, Simultaneous-Sampling 12-Bit ADCs ________________General Description

... The T/H aperture delay is typically 10ns. The 500ps aperture-delay mismatch between the T/Hs allows the relative phase information of up to four different inputs to be preserved. Figure 3 shows the equivalent input circuit, illustrating the ADC’s sampling architecture. Only one of four T/H stages wi ...
microTimer User`s Manual
microTimer User`s Manual

... After setting the proper delay, install the timer in the rocket by gluing it to the inner wall of the airframe. If you first drill a small hole in the airframe and align it with the continuity LED on the bottom of the board you will be able to check continuity from outside the rocket. Similarly, the ...
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Variable-frequency drive



A variable-frequency drive (VFD) (also termed adjustable-frequency drive, variable-speed drive, AC drive, micro drive or inverter drive) is a type of adjustable-speed drive used in electro-mechanical drive systems to control AC motor speed and torque by varying motor input frequency and voltage.VFDs are used in applications ranging from small appliances to the largest of mine mill drives and compressors. However, around 25% of the world's electrical energy is consumed by electric motors in industrial applications, which are especially conducive for energy savings using VFDs in centrifugal load service, and VFDs' global market penetration for all applications is still relatively small. That lack of penetration highlights significant energy efficiency improvement opportunities for retrofitted and new VFD installations.Over the last four decades, power electronics technology has reduced VFD cost and size and has improved performance through advances in semiconductor switching devices, drive topologies, simulation and control techniques, and control hardware and software.VFDs are available in a number of different low- and medium-voltage AC-AC and DC-AC topologies.
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