Economic Integration among Developing
... industries in a regional framework may give rise to monopoly positions and inefficient, high-cost production. This will occur if excessive protection is granted to regional industries that permits high-cost operations and provides little incentive for technological ...
... industries in a regional framework may give rise to monopoly positions and inefficient, high-cost production. This will occur if excessive protection is granted to regional industries that permits high-cost operations and provides little incentive for technological ...
The Effects of External and Internal Shocks on Total Factor Productivity
... are the same for all economies, with the exception of a multiplier term in the production function which is speci…c to each country, called Total Factor Productivity. 5) The impact of education on labor productivity is well described by the impact of education on wages. Similarly, the impact of capi ...
... are the same for all economies, with the exception of a multiplier term in the production function which is speci…c to each country, called Total Factor Productivity. 5) The impact of education on labor productivity is well described by the impact of education on wages. Similarly, the impact of capi ...
Market Reforms at Work in Italy, Spain, Portugal and Greece
... Product Market Regulation indicator. Italy and Spain, that started from a more favourable regulatory situation, also improved their regulatory environment over the same period. For the four countries though, the distance with other Member States with the most flexible regulatory framework in product ...
... Product Market Regulation indicator. Italy and Spain, that started from a more favourable regulatory situation, also improved their regulatory environment over the same period. For the four countries though, the distance with other Member States with the most flexible regulatory framework in product ...
North–South trade and directed technical change
... the paper is that innovators can only appropriate a fraction of the rents from the Southern markets because of weak protection of IPRs. The model is solved both in autarky and free-trade and the equilibria are compared. In both cases, the equilibrium has a number of desirable properties: the world i ...
... the paper is that innovators can only appropriate a fraction of the rents from the Southern markets because of weak protection of IPRs. The model is solved both in autarky and free-trade and the equilibria are compared. In both cases, the equilibrium has a number of desirable properties: the world i ...
Commodity Price Volatility, Democracy and Economic Growth
... domestic private investment Higher saving could guard those countries against hasty spending programs, including excessively large and wasteful public spending ...
... domestic private investment Higher saving could guard those countries against hasty spending programs, including excessively large and wasteful public spending ...
STRONG OR WEAK SUSTAINABILITY: A CASE STUDY OF EMERGING ASIA
... many extra sources of wealth are available to them. This is referred to as “strong sustainability”, and is the second view. The proponents of strong sustainability, such as Daly, Georgescu-Roegen, Ekins, Pearce and Atkinson, who are ecological economists, emphasized that environment performs four ca ...
... many extra sources of wealth are available to them. This is referred to as “strong sustainability”, and is the second view. The proponents of strong sustainability, such as Daly, Georgescu-Roegen, Ekins, Pearce and Atkinson, who are ecological economists, emphasized that environment performs four ca ...
Complexity, Specialization, and Growth
... adapt to changing technological needs. However, the role of complexity in production and its consequences on economic performance are still underexplored, despite being among the very motivations for the emergence of economics as a discipline. Indeed, the importance of an efficient division of labor ...
... adapt to changing technological needs. However, the role of complexity in production and its consequences on economic performance are still underexplored, despite being among the very motivations for the emergence of economics as a discipline. Indeed, the importance of an efficient division of labor ...
C(Q)
... – enter large with large-scale indivisibilities: heavy overhead – enter small with smaller-scale cheaper equipment: low overhead ...
... – enter large with large-scale indivisibilities: heavy overhead – enter small with smaller-scale cheaper equipment: low overhead ...
Globalization: Trends, Challenges and Opportunites for
... Over the first decade of transition, two broad macroeconomic patterns have emerged. In the more advanced countries of the region, rapid liberalization accompanied with sound fiscal policies has resulted in a sustained macroeconomic stabilization. In less advanced countries, however, progress in libe ...
... Over the first decade of transition, two broad macroeconomic patterns have emerged. In the more advanced countries of the region, rapid liberalization accompanied with sound fiscal policies has resulted in a sustained macroeconomic stabilization. In less advanced countries, however, progress in libe ...
PDF
... regional average for over a 6 year period. In controlling fiscal debt, EAC’s criteria remains open while other initiatives have set limits to debt borrowing and accumulation of about 60 to 70 percent2 (Note 2). In extensiveness of the criteria, EAC is most similar to COMESA. All studies encountered ...
... regional average for over a 6 year period. In controlling fiscal debt, EAC’s criteria remains open while other initiatives have set limits to debt borrowing and accumulation of about 60 to 70 percent2 (Note 2). In extensiveness of the criteria, EAC is most similar to COMESA. All studies encountered ...
2 literature on brain drain - European Congress on Economic Issues
... Yet there exists another group of researchers with relatively newer idea of ‘Brain Waste’; the risk for skilled emigrants of falling into unemployment or ending up doing jobs for which they are over educated because of low transferability of human capital across borders. The problem may lead to redu ...
... Yet there exists another group of researchers with relatively newer idea of ‘Brain Waste’; the risk for skilled emigrants of falling into unemployment or ending up doing jobs for which they are over educated because of low transferability of human capital across borders. The problem may lead to redu ...
Why Did Japan Stop Growing? - The University of Chicago Booth
... report is to explain the causes of this stagnation and identify policy choices that might help restore growth. Our focus is intentionally on longer term issues, rather than the immediate challenges that are associated with the fallout from the global recession. We start our analysis using the neocla ...
... report is to explain the causes of this stagnation and identify policy choices that might help restore growth. Our focus is intentionally on longer term issues, rather than the immediate challenges that are associated with the fallout from the global recession. We start our analysis using the neocla ...
Wittd $%atcsjWnm 5513 “xl JUL31
... health care practitioners can obtain important scientific information about uses that are not included in the approved labeling of drugs, biological products and devices. The conferees also wish to encourage that these new uses be included on the product label. ...
... health care practitioners can obtain important scientific information about uses that are not included in the approved labeling of drugs, biological products and devices. The conferees also wish to encourage that these new uses be included on the product label. ...
Policy Reforms Affecting Agricultural Incentives
... all farm inputs, call it NRAi. Where there are significant distortions to input costs, their ad valorem equivalent can be accounted for by summing each input’s NRA times its input –output coefficient to obtain the combined NRAi, and adding that to the farm industry’s nominal rate of direct assistanc ...
... all farm inputs, call it NRAi. Where there are significant distortions to input costs, their ad valorem equivalent can be accounted for by summing each input’s NRA times its input –output coefficient to obtain the combined NRAi, and adding that to the farm industry’s nominal rate of direct assistanc ...
Cyclical fluctuations in the Mediterranean basin - e
... have dramatically changed since the early 1980s. On the one hand, emerging market economies now play an important role in the shaping world business cycles, previously determined by a handful of developed countries. On the other, trade and financial linkages have considerably increased, making inter ...
... have dramatically changed since the early 1980s. On the one hand, emerging market economies now play an important role in the shaping world business cycles, previously determined by a handful of developed countries. On the other, trade and financial linkages have considerably increased, making inter ...
Global Economic Conditions Survey Benchmark Report: Q1 2009
... in China and Hong Kong SAR, where much of the world’s hopes for recovery have been focused, have lost more confidence than their colleagues in almost every other country for which reliable estimates are available. ...
... in China and Hong Kong SAR, where much of the world’s hopes for recovery have been focused, have lost more confidence than their colleagues in almost every other country for which reliable estimates are available. ...
1- Name of indicator, authors
... (five?) is another option for qualitative indicators. Multiplier effects define the total economic activity supported directly and indirectly by one industry or sector. In this context they can be used to determine the dependency of particular regions on aquaculture. If multiplier effects are large ...
... (five?) is another option for qualitative indicators. Multiplier effects define the total economic activity supported directly and indirectly by one industry or sector. In this context they can be used to determine the dependency of particular regions on aquaculture. If multiplier effects are large ...
Fiscal Federalism in Planned Economies
... The critical issue therefore, is to map the functions with different levels of government to meet diverse preferences of people on the one hand, and reap economies of scale in the provision of the services on the other. The optimality in the Tiebout’s world is reached as the footloose consumers ‘vot ...
... The critical issue therefore, is to map the functions with different levels of government to meet diverse preferences of people on the one hand, and reap economies of scale in the provision of the services on the other. The optimality in the Tiebout’s world is reached as the footloose consumers ‘vot ...
On the Measurement of Product Variety in Trade
... 1982, Japan produced 53 percent more export variety than South Korea. The Japanese advantage over Korea deteriorates over time such that in 1995, Japan only produced 18 percent more variety than Korea. On the other hand, the first bar series shows that, over the same period of time, the underlying p ...
... 1982, Japan produced 53 percent more export variety than South Korea. The Japanese advantage over Korea deteriorates over time such that in 1995, Japan only produced 18 percent more variety than Korea. On the other hand, the first bar series shows that, over the same period of time, the underlying p ...
General Practitioners Doing Orthodontics
... provider so my new patients come from patient referral (internal marketing), GP referrals, and direct marketing. In a growing, younger practice, a few patients a month from a GP can make a big difference. Do GPs doing orthodontics undermine the specialty practice? I suppose, if the ortho practice is ...
... provider so my new patients come from patient referral (internal marketing), GP referrals, and direct marketing. In a growing, younger practice, a few patients a month from a GP can make a big difference. Do GPs doing orthodontics undermine the specialty practice? I suppose, if the ortho practice is ...
What Determines Institutional Arrangements for Macroprudential
... arrangements can be largely divided into two types: (1) centralization in the central bank, in which the central bank or a committee of the central bank is the sole owner of the macroprudential mandate; and (2) coordination by the government, where the government coordinates views or policies among ...
... arrangements can be largely divided into two types: (1) centralization in the central bank, in which the central bank or a committee of the central bank is the sole owner of the macroprudential mandate; and (2) coordination by the government, where the government coordinates views or policies among ...
PDF
... gross domestic product (GDP) in the Central and East European Countries (CEECs) and China, following their transition to market economies, illustrates such a policy principle (Vukina et al. 1999, World Bank 1997). For example, energy intensity in China decreased by 30 percent between 1985 and 1997. ...
... gross domestic product (GDP) in the Central and East European Countries (CEECs) and China, following their transition to market economies, illustrates such a policy principle (Vukina et al. 1999, World Bank 1997). For example, energy intensity in China decreased by 30 percent between 1985 and 1997. ...
Jaimovich, D. (2010) A Bayesian Spatial Probit Estimation of Free Trade Agreement Contagion
... Agreements Database described in Hufbauer and Schott (2009) which is constructed using the date the agreements entered into force, keeping track of all participants. This source is more comprehensive than the WTO database which lists only agreements that have been officially notified. It has 570 agr ...
... Agreements Database described in Hufbauer and Schott (2009) which is constructed using the date the agreements entered into force, keeping track of all participants. This source is more comprehensive than the WTO database which lists only agreements that have been officially notified. It has 570 agr ...
Impact of Globalization on Entrepreneurship in Developing Countries
... rates of selfemployment, entrepreneurial activity will decrease as economies become more developed ...
... rates of selfemployment, entrepreneurial activity will decrease as economies become more developed ...