Estimating International Poverty Lines from
... estimate the national poverty line for each country as an average (in most cases, weighted by consumption shares; in other cases, unweighted; and in one case, population weighted) of the official reported lines. The differing choices about the appropriate weights has significant implications for the ...
... estimate the national poverty line for each country as an average (in most cases, weighted by consumption shares; in other cases, unweighted; and in one case, population weighted) of the official reported lines. The differing choices about the appropriate weights has significant implications for the ...
IFC Jobs Study. Assessing Private Sector Contributions to Job
... Economic growth contributes significantly to poverty reduction and to higher living standards for poor people, but the extent to which this happens differs across countries and circumstances. While jobs are seen as the main way to escape from poverty, factors such as the access to basic services and ...
... Economic growth contributes significantly to poverty reduction and to higher living standards for poor people, but the extent to which this happens differs across countries and circumstances. While jobs are seen as the main way to escape from poverty, factors such as the access to basic services and ...
Implications of the inflation targeting strategy in some of the
... many countries around the world was the high level of inflation. Thus, significantly high levels of inflation registered by different countries have made the prices of goods and services to grow faster in a short period of time, severely diminishing the real value of money. Because of the manifestat ...
... many countries around the world was the high level of inflation. Thus, significantly high levels of inflation registered by different countries have made the prices of goods and services to grow faster in a short period of time, severely diminishing the real value of money. Because of the manifestat ...
Business Cycle Interdependence and the Role of FDI
... Mink en all (2007) investigate synchronicity and business cycle co-movement in the euro area. They look at the development of synchronicity and co-movement of the euro area from 1970 until 2005. They take the euro area as reference and look at the synchronicity and comovement between the euro area‟s ...
... Mink en all (2007) investigate synchronicity and business cycle co-movement in the euro area. They look at the development of synchronicity and co-movement of the euro area from 1970 until 2005. They take the euro area as reference and look at the synchronicity and comovement between the euro area‟s ...
Non-Response in Probability Sample Surveys in the Czech Republic*
... from survey agencies [e.g. Sheatsley 1987] it is still possible to attain high response rates, but it requires more effort and higher costs in organising the research. This observation can be readily seen in the outcomes of surveys that emphasised the use of a rigorous data quality methodology, for ...
... from survey agencies [e.g. Sheatsley 1987] it is still possible to attain high response rates, but it requires more effort and higher costs in organising the research. This observation can be readily seen in the outcomes of surveys that emphasised the use of a rigorous data quality methodology, for ...
LCCARL255_en.pdf
... For the Caribbean, contemporary notions of economic and social development began with the arrival of European colonization in the late fifteenth century. This process began an extensive period of settlement and social evolution, underpinned by an economic development model structured so as to supply ...
... For the Caribbean, contemporary notions of economic and social development began with the arrival of European colonization in the late fifteenth century. This process began an extensive period of settlement and social evolution, underpinned by an economic development model structured so as to supply ...
Why Have So Few Countries Industrialised?
... support, and Shyama Ramani for her injections of enthusiasm, humanity, and passion for our work. One of the glues that keeps together the various components of the UNU-MERIT system is surely Eveline. Thanks, Eveline, for caring so much and doing so much more than your job. Since day zero, I have alw ...
... support, and Shyama Ramani for her injections of enthusiasm, humanity, and passion for our work. One of the glues that keeps together the various components of the UNU-MERIT system is surely Eveline. Thanks, Eveline, for caring so much and doing so much more than your job. Since day zero, I have alw ...
Attitude toward Advertising in General and Attitude toward a Specific
... Furthermore, we can imagine that campaign B is a communication which use soft-sell arguments and ASG is the liking of soft-sell advertising type in both countries which justified the same campaign, because this kind of advertising is liked (more or less) whatever the country compare to hard-sell com ...
... Furthermore, we can imagine that campaign B is a communication which use soft-sell arguments and ASG is the liking of soft-sell advertising type in both countries which justified the same campaign, because this kind of advertising is liked (more or less) whatever the country compare to hard-sell com ...
Country Size, International Trade, and Aggregate Fluctuations in
... share of firms that export and the relative size of the largest firms across countries. Our main results can be summarized as follows. First, the model endogenously generates a negative relationship between country size and aggregate volatility. The reason is that smaller countries will have a small ...
... share of firms that export and the relative size of the largest firms across countries. Our main results can be summarized as follows. First, the model endogenously generates a negative relationship between country size and aggregate volatility. The reason is that smaller countries will have a small ...
Integrating Developing Countries into the Global Public
... guidelines. The arguments were mainly based on ‘nationalistic’ tendencies. The Tokyo Round of 1979 was not successful either. Only a Code on government Procurement was achieved with only few countries agreeing to be bound. After several years of discussion the Uruguay Round, which gave birth to the ...
... guidelines. The arguments were mainly based on ‘nationalistic’ tendencies. The Tokyo Round of 1979 was not successful either. Only a Code on government Procurement was achieved with only few countries agreeing to be bound. After several years of discussion the Uruguay Round, which gave birth to the ...
Effectiveness of Macroprudential Policies in Central and Eastern
... a couple of composite indicators that affect economic behaviour on similar margins. Underlying this exercise is an even deeper issue, that of the availability of information and data on different macroprudential tools, many of which were not even known under this name ten or more years ago. To overc ...
... a couple of composite indicators that affect economic behaviour on similar margins. Underlying this exercise is an even deeper issue, that of the availability of information and data on different macroprudential tools, many of which were not even known under this name ten or more years ago. To overc ...
Chapter 1: Introduction 1.1 Background
... product output by job and an increase in income per capita to achieve economic stability. It is also important to create growth through the factors supporting growth. It appears that the four factors of growth, namely the size and quality of the labour force, the quantity and quality of capital, imp ...
... product output by job and an increase in income per capita to achieve economic stability. It is also important to create growth through the factors supporting growth. It appears that the four factors of growth, namely the size and quality of the labour force, the quantity and quality of capital, imp ...
Anticorruption in Transition 3
... n the 16 years since the start of transition in the former socialist economies of Europe and Central Asia, few issues have risen as rapidly in visibility as corruption. Reforms in the early 1990s were focused on macroeconomic stabilization, price and trade liberalization, privatization, and establis ...
... n the 16 years since the start of transition in the former socialist economies of Europe and Central Asia, few issues have risen as rapidly in visibility as corruption. Reforms in the early 1990s were focused on macroeconomic stabilization, price and trade liberalization, privatization, and establis ...
PDF - La Follette School of Public Affairs
... (2005) re-examined the study by Hummels and Levinsohn, and claimed that their empirical approach may not have been able to properly assess the impact of the income similarity on bilateral trade, and this was why their results were puzzling. He thus presented a modified equation explaining the relati ...
... (2005) re-examined the study by Hummels and Levinsohn, and claimed that their empirical approach may not have been able to properly assess the impact of the income similarity on bilateral trade, and this was why their results were puzzling. He thus presented a modified equation explaining the relati ...
Guidelines on Assessment of Applications for Prequalification
... The PQIF contains summary information provided by the applicant on critical pharmaceutical quality attributes –chemistry, pharmaceutical formulation, manufacturing process and product performance– and their relevance to safety and efficacy, following the structure of the Generic Guideline and freque ...
... The PQIF contains summary information provided by the applicant on critical pharmaceutical quality attributes –chemistry, pharmaceutical formulation, manufacturing process and product performance– and their relevance to safety and efficacy, following the structure of the Generic Guideline and freque ...
EIA by the Development Banks and Aid Agencies
... EIA by the Development Banks and Aid Agencies • The World Bank, African Development Bank, Asian Development Bank, Caribbean Development Bank, Europe Bank for Reconstruction and Development, Inter American Development Bank, Islamic Development Bank and Development Bank of Southern Africa operate glo ...
... EIA by the Development Banks and Aid Agencies • The World Bank, African Development Bank, Asian Development Bank, Caribbean Development Bank, Europe Bank for Reconstruction and Development, Inter American Development Bank, Islamic Development Bank and Development Bank of Southern Africa operate glo ...
A Development-focused Allocation of the Special Drawing Rights
... imbalances force countries to incur costs in earning or borrowing reserves, and this should be contained with the IMF allocation of SDR. It was born out of what has been referred to as Triffin’s dilemma (Triffin 1960): whereby additions to official dollar holdings were seen as undermining the stabil ...
... imbalances force countries to incur costs in earning or borrowing reserves, and this should be contained with the IMF allocation of SDR. It was born out of what has been referred to as Triffin’s dilemma (Triffin 1960): whereby additions to official dollar holdings were seen as undermining the stabil ...
Institutional Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment
... developing and emerging markets countries. FDI is a key element of the international economic relations as it is an engine of employment, technology transfer and improvement of productivity which ultimately leads to economic growth. The need to attract FDI pressures governments to provide favourable ...
... developing and emerging markets countries. FDI is a key element of the international economic relations as it is an engine of employment, technology transfer and improvement of productivity which ultimately leads to economic growth. The need to attract FDI pressures governments to provide favourable ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES Gordon H. Hanson Chong Xiang
... demand. Davis and Weinstein (1999, 2002) find that, for manufacturing industries in either OECD countries or Japanese regions, industry production increases more than onefor-one with local demand for a good. Head and Ries (2001) find evidence of similar patterns of industry production and consumptio ...
... demand. Davis and Weinstein (1999, 2002) find that, for manufacturing industries in either OECD countries or Japanese regions, industry production increases more than onefor-one with local demand for a good. Head and Ries (2001) find evidence of similar patterns of industry production and consumptio ...
Do Countries Default in Bad Times?
... the “transitory shock” version, movements in output are transitory about a deterministic trend (ln t is deterministic). In the “permanent shock” version, only stochastic movements in the growth rate of the economy drive fluctuations in output (zt = 0 for all t). We solve both versions of the model ...
... the “transitory shock” version, movements in output are transitory about a deterministic trend (ln t is deterministic). In the “permanent shock” version, only stochastic movements in the growth rate of the economy drive fluctuations in output (zt = 0 for all t). We solve both versions of the model ...
Let the aggregate production function at time t be set up as:
... manner. There is a general perception which is widely recognized that countries may benefit from FDI inflows only if the government policy reforms are initiated. According to the received wisdom, if the government policies are rigid, marked with higher restrictions, regulations and lower incentives, ...
... manner. There is a general perception which is widely recognized that countries may benefit from FDI inflows only if the government policy reforms are initiated. According to the received wisdom, if the government policies are rigid, marked with higher restrictions, regulations and lower incentives, ...
The Next Generation of the Penn World Table
... Most importantly, we distinguish whether real GDP is intended to measure the standard of living across countries or to measure productive capacity. As argued by Feenstra et al. (2009), real GDP in previous versions of PWT, or its components such as consumption or domestic absorption, was intended to ...
... Most importantly, we distinguish whether real GDP is intended to measure the standard of living across countries or to measure productive capacity. As argued by Feenstra et al. (2009), real GDP in previous versions of PWT, or its components such as consumption or domestic absorption, was intended to ...
1.1. Serotonin Re-uptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) and alopecia
... Sertraline also showed a statistically significant association with alopecia in both SWEDIS and Vigibase. Citalopram was significantly associated with alopecia in Vigibase, but not in SWEDIS. No statistically significant associations were found for any of the other SSRIs.[7] Case-reports have been p ...
... Sertraline also showed a statistically significant association with alopecia in both SWEDIS and Vigibase. Citalopram was significantly associated with alopecia in Vigibase, but not in SWEDIS. No statistically significant associations were found for any of the other SSRIs.[7] Case-reports have been p ...
The South Mediterranean Countries
... initial phase in Algeria and Libya. While subscription to the Charter is not binding, the monitoring of its level of implementation represents an important tool in guiding enterprise policies and the institutional governance of the economy towards market economy standards. Within the framework of th ...
... initial phase in Algeria and Libya. While subscription to the Charter is not binding, the monitoring of its level of implementation represents an important tool in guiding enterprise policies and the institutional governance of the economy towards market economy standards. Within the framework of th ...
The Next Generation of the Penn World Table
... technologically developed countries have higher prices for nontraded goods: this is the Balassa (1964)-Samuelson (1964) or “Penn effect” (Samuelson, 1994). In this context, we argue that it is highly misleading to use a single good – even a traded good – as numeraire to measure “real” GDP. If the l ...
... technologically developed countries have higher prices for nontraded goods: this is the Balassa (1964)-Samuelson (1964) or “Penn effect” (Samuelson, 1994). In this context, we argue that it is highly misleading to use a single good – even a traded good – as numeraire to measure “real” GDP. If the l ...