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Day00a-Induction-proofs - Rose
Day00a-Induction-proofs - Rose

... – Depending on the nature of the induction step (ii), it may also be necessary to show some other base cases as well. – For example, an induction proof involving Fibonacci numbers may need two base cases, because the recursive part of the Fibonacci definition expresses F(n) as the sum of two previou ...
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...  Expresses the conditional correctness of S  Binary search (pre-condition) - > Array must be in sorted form  Which means that, in-order to work this program properly we need to start with a given condition.  Post Condition: If the key is present then you will get the index, if the key is not pre ...
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MATH 271 ASSIGNMENT 1 SOLUTIONS (a) This statement is false

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... loop of P if there is a non-zero length cycle that goes through only and all the nodes in L. This is the same as saying that for any A and A0 in L, there is a non-zero length path from A to A0 in the subgraph of GP induced by L. It is easy to see that if the given logic program P does not contain an ...
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... division (equivalently, inverse) gates. Such a circuit computes a ”non-commutative rational function” – a far more complicated object than its commutative counterpart. Traditionally, arithmetic circuit complexity focuses on the computation of polynomials, with rational functions receiving minor atte ...
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How to lie without being (easily) convicted and the lengths of proofs

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Boolean satisfiability problem

In computer science, the Boolean Satisfiability Problem (sometimes called Propositional Satisfiability Problem and abbreviated as SATISFIABILITY or SAT) is the problem of determining if there exists an interpretation that satisfies a given Boolean formula. In other words, it asks whether the variables of a given Boolean formula can be consistently replaced by the values TRUE or FALSE in such a way that the formula evaluates to TRUE. If this is the case, the formula is called satisfiable. On the other hand, if no such assignment exists, the function expressed by the formula is identically FALSE for all possible variable assignments and the formula is unsatisfiable. For example, the formula ""a AND NOT b"" is satisfiable because one can find the values a = TRUE and b = FALSE, which make (a AND NOT b) = TRUE. In contrast, ""a AND NOT a"" is unsatisfiable.SAT is one of the first problems that was proven to be NP-complete. This means that all problems in the complexity class NP, which includes a wide range of natural decision and optimization problems, are at most as difficult to solve as SAT. There is no known algorithm that efficiently solves SAT, and it is generally believed that no such algorithm exists; yet this belief has not been proven mathematically, and resolving the question whether SAT has an efficient algorithm is equivalent to the P versus NP problem, which is the most famous open problem in the theory of computing.Despite the fact that no algorithms are known that solve SAT efficiently, correctly, and for all possible input instances, many instances of SAT that occur in practice, such as in artificial intelligence, circuit design and automatic theorem proving, can actually be solved rather efficiently using heuristical SAT-solvers. Such algorithms are not believed to be efficient on all SAT instances, but experimentally these algorithms tend to work well for many practical applications.
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