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... developed putatively pre-neoplastic ATPase-deficient foci in the liver, but to an extent about ten-fold lower than was seen after similar exposure to vinyl chloride (Bolt et al., ...
... developed putatively pre-neoplastic ATPase-deficient foci in the liver, but to an extent about ten-fold lower than was seen after similar exposure to vinyl chloride (Bolt et al., ...
Document
... Information provided to the public is variable in quality, and the individual is usually illequipped to determine the validity of the case being communicated in the popular press. The International Council on Metals and the Environment (ICME) is an advocate of the use of sound science and analysis w ...
... Information provided to the public is variable in quality, and the individual is usually illequipped to determine the validity of the case being communicated in the popular press. The International Council on Metals and the Environment (ICME) is an advocate of the use of sound science and analysis w ...
Deliverable 4.2 - Guidelines for appropriate “biomarker of exposure
... “biomarker of exposure” selection for EWAS studies WP4 Human Biomonitoring Version number 1 (January 2015) ...
... “biomarker of exposure” selection for EWAS studies WP4 Human Biomonitoring Version number 1 (January 2015) ...
Triclopyr - Oregon State University
... The Carcinogenicity Peer Review Committee (CPRC) at the U.S. EPA classified triclopyr as a group D carcinogen, that is, not classifiable as to human carcinogenicity (1). See box on Cancer. ...
... The Carcinogenicity Peer Review Committee (CPRC) at the U.S. EPA classified triclopyr as a group D carcinogen, that is, not classifiable as to human carcinogenicity (1). See box on Cancer. ...
1. Part 1: Supplemental hazard information
... (presented by the Commission's services DG Enterprise and Industry and DG Environment) The document commits only the Commission's services involved in its preparation and the text is prepared as a basis for comment and does not prejudge the final form of any decision to be taken by the Commission. ...
... (presented by the Commission's services DG Enterprise and Industry and DG Environment) The document commits only the Commission's services involved in its preparation and the text is prepared as a basis for comment and does not prejudge the final form of any decision to be taken by the Commission. ...
Drain Cleaners
... and the contact time before removal or dilution. At low concentrations (0.5-2.0%) NaOH is an irritant. As the concentration increases chemical burns occur, with the severity and depth of the burns increasing with NaOH concentration and contact time. The concentration of NaOH in drain cleaner product ...
... and the contact time before removal or dilution. At low concentrations (0.5-2.0%) NaOH is an irritant. As the concentration increases chemical burns occur, with the severity and depth of the burns increasing with NaOH concentration and contact time. The concentration of NaOH in drain cleaner product ...
Comparison of Toxicity for Methyl Iodide and Methyl Bromide
... LC50 = concentration that is lethal to 50% of the test animals; NOAEL = No Observed Adverse Effect Level, the dose at which no adverse effects were observed; LOAEL = Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level, the lowest dose at which adverse effects were still observed; ppm = parts per million; mg/kg = m ...
... LC50 = concentration that is lethal to 50% of the test animals; NOAEL = No Observed Adverse Effect Level, the dose at which no adverse effects were observed; LOAEL = Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level, the lowest dose at which adverse effects were still observed; ppm = parts per million; mg/kg = m ...
Arsenic is a semi-metal element in the periodic table
... are not available. Animal data suggest that arsenic may cause changes to reproductive organs of both sexes, including decreased organ weight and increased inflammation of reproductive tissues, although these changes may be secondary effects. However, these changes do not result in a significant impa ...
... are not available. Animal data suggest that arsenic may cause changes to reproductive organs of both sexes, including decreased organ weight and increased inflammation of reproductive tissues, although these changes may be secondary effects. However, these changes do not result in a significant impa ...
PIC Chemicals - Rotterdam Convention
... This booklet provides basic information on the chemicals listed in Annex III of the Rotterdam Convention on the Prior Informed Consent Procedure for Certain Hazardous Chemicals and Pesticides in International Trade. The Rotterdam Convention is a global treaty that provides an early warning to count ...
... This booklet provides basic information on the chemicals listed in Annex III of the Rotterdam Convention on the Prior Informed Consent Procedure for Certain Hazardous Chemicals and Pesticides in International Trade. The Rotterdam Convention is a global treaty that provides an early warning to count ...
Guidance for Identifying Pesticides that have a Common Mechanism
... the PMRA will be toxicity data generated in support of regulatory activities. The PMRA may also use toxicity data obtained from other studies, such as those described in regulatory reports, or the published literature. The evaluation of toxicology data for the purpose of identifying and characteriz ...
... the PMRA will be toxicity data generated in support of regulatory activities. The PMRA may also use toxicity data obtained from other studies, such as those described in regulatory reports, or the published literature. The evaluation of toxicology data for the purpose of identifying and characteriz ...
Statement of Need and Reasonableness (SONAR) (PDF: 1.05MB/196 pages)
... vulnerable to harm from contaminants in drinking water. People may be more vulnerable because they drink more water; that is, they are more exposed. People may also be more vulnerable because of genetic factors, pre-existing health conditions, age, diet, and a host of other factors. Infants and chil ...
... vulnerable to harm from contaminants in drinking water. People may be more vulnerable because they drink more water; that is, they are more exposed. People may also be more vulnerable because of genetic factors, pre-existing health conditions, age, diet, and a host of other factors. Infants and chil ...
Arsenic and Old Wool - Alliance for Cancer Prevention
... (as the limited persistence of arsenic rather its neurological, dermatological and carcinogenic effects were recognised by manufacturers and farmers). 2. Toxic: Controlling sheep parasites that threaten not wool or meat production but leather quality. Organophosphates were key active ingredients her ...
... (as the limited persistence of arsenic rather its neurological, dermatological and carcinogenic effects were recognised by manufacturers and farmers). 2. Toxic: Controlling sheep parasites that threaten not wool or meat production but leather quality. Organophosphates were key active ingredients her ...
UNITI information - 2-S
... Besides the labelling also the system, the methods and criteria of the classification of chemicals has been changed. Several changes of the classification criteria may cause that not hazardous classified chemicals under the old law will be identified as hazardous according to CLP or that chemicals w ...
... Besides the labelling also the system, the methods and criteria of the classification of chemicals has been changed. Several changes of the classification criteria may cause that not hazardous classified chemicals under the old law will be identified as hazardous according to CLP or that chemicals w ...
Cumene Report on Carcinogens, Thirteenth Edition
... with rat-liver microsomes, reactive quinone methide intermediates were readily formed (Thompson et al. 1995). Studies on Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis The mechanisms by which cumene causes cancer in experimental animals are not known. Differences between species in the types of tumors observed may be ...
... with rat-liver microsomes, reactive quinone methide intermediates were readily formed (Thompson et al. 1995). Studies on Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis The mechanisms by which cumene causes cancer in experimental animals are not known. Differences between species in the types of tumors observed may be ...
1 - UNIDO
... Worldwide more than 100,000 different chemicals are in use. Not many of these chemicals are classified as pure substances – most are sold as mixtures or finished products. Irrespective of the source of chemical substances and preparations used or produced or emitted by the company, it is clear that ...
... Worldwide more than 100,000 different chemicals are in use. Not many of these chemicals are classified as pure substances – most are sold as mixtures or finished products. Irrespective of the source of chemical substances and preparations used or produced or emitted by the company, it is clear that ...
Click Here
... LUBEGARD® Highly Friction Modified ATF Supplement WARNING May cause an allergic skin reaction. Avoid breathing dust/fume/ gas/mist/vapors/spray. Contaminated work clothing must not be allowed out of the workplace. Wear protective gloves. If on skin: Wash with plenty of water. Wash contaminated cloth ...
... LUBEGARD® Highly Friction Modified ATF Supplement WARNING May cause an allergic skin reaction. Avoid breathing dust/fume/ gas/mist/vapors/spray. Contaminated work clothing must not be allowed out of the workplace. Wear protective gloves. If on skin: Wash with plenty of water. Wash contaminated cloth ...
Thyroid Disorders - Medicine Batch 2013-19
... Nontoxic goiter may be defined as any thyroid enlargement characterized by uniform or selective growth of thyroid tissue that is not associated with overt hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism and that does not result from inflammation or neoplasia. A thyroid nodule is defined as a discrete lesion withi ...
... Nontoxic goiter may be defined as any thyroid enlargement characterized by uniform or selective growth of thyroid tissue that is not associated with overt hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism and that does not result from inflammation or neoplasia. A thyroid nodule is defined as a discrete lesion withi ...
Chloroform - Santa Cruz Biotechnology
... ■ The material is not thought to produce respiratory irritation (as classified using animal models). Nevertheless inhalation of vapors, fumes or aerosols, especially for prolonged periods, may produce respiratory discomfort and occasionally, distress. ■ Inhalation of vapours may cause drowsiness and ...
... ■ The material is not thought to produce respiratory irritation (as classified using animal models). Nevertheless inhalation of vapors, fumes or aerosols, especially for prolonged periods, may produce respiratory discomfort and occasionally, distress. ■ Inhalation of vapours may cause drowsiness and ...
Guideline No. EN-035 Ozone Depletion
... Another form of skin cancer, malignant melanoma, is much less common but far more dangerous, being lethal in about 15% – 20% of the cases diagnosed. The relationship between malignant melanoma and ultraviolet exposure is not yet well understood, but it appears that both UVB and UVA are involved. ...
... Another form of skin cancer, malignant melanoma, is much less common but far more dangerous, being lethal in about 15% – 20% of the cases diagnosed. The relationship between malignant melanoma and ultraviolet exposure is not yet well understood, but it appears that both UVB and UVA are involved. ...
Antioxidant Activity of Sulfur and Selenium: A Review of Reactive
... damage and disease, iron levels in cells are tightly regulated [72, 79–82]. The normal concentration of non-protein-bound (or labile) iron in E. coli is *20 lM, but this concentration can increase 4–16 times when homeostasis is not maintained [9, 40, 83]. Non-protein-bound iron promotes tumor growth ...
... damage and disease, iron levels in cells are tightly regulated [72, 79–82]. The normal concentration of non-protein-bound (or labile) iron in E. coli is *20 lM, but this concentration can increase 4–16 times when homeostasis is not maintained [9, 40, 83]. Non-protein-bound iron promotes tumor growth ...
Trophic transfer of microplastics and associated POPs
... occurred at 382 nm for BPDE-DNA and at 379 nm for benzo[a]pyrene-tetrols and -triol, which are hydrolysis products of BPDE. Shift from 405 to 380 nm! ...
... occurred at 382 nm for BPDE-DNA and at 379 nm for benzo[a]pyrene-tetrols and -triol, which are hydrolysis products of BPDE. Shift from 405 to 380 nm! ...
and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS)
... The existing limited studies on PFHxS suggest that this chemical can cause effects in laboratory test animals similar to the effects caused by PFOS. However, based on available studies, PFHxS appears to be less potent in animal studies than PFOS. Much of the research on humans has been done with peo ...
... The existing limited studies on PFHxS suggest that this chemical can cause effects in laboratory test animals similar to the effects caused by PFOS. However, based on available studies, PFHxS appears to be less potent in animal studies than PFOS. Much of the research on humans has been done with peo ...
a reflection of lifetime stressor exposures
... stimuli throughout an individual’s lifetime, there are critical windows during development that the epigenome is at its most sensitive with lasting transcriptional effects. For example, genes such as oestrogen receptor (ER) and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) are regulated, in part, through DNA methyla ...
... stimuli throughout an individual’s lifetime, there are critical windows during development that the epigenome is at its most sensitive with lasting transcriptional effects. For example, genes such as oestrogen receptor (ER) and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) are regulated, in part, through DNA methyla ...
LUBEGARD® HD Power Transfer Protectant WARNING May cause
... LUBEGARD® HD Power Transfer Protectant WARNING May cause an allergic skin reaction. Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapors/spray. Contaminated work clothing must not be allowed out of the workplace. Wear protective gloves. If on skin: Wash with plenty of water. Wash contaminated clothing before r ...
... LUBEGARD® HD Power Transfer Protectant WARNING May cause an allergic skin reaction. Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapors/spray. Contaminated work clothing must not be allowed out of the workplace. Wear protective gloves. If on skin: Wash with plenty of water. Wash contaminated clothing before r ...
Carcinogen
A carcinogen is any substance, radionuclide, or radiation that is an agent directly involved in causing cancer. This may be due to the ability to damage the genome or to the disruption of cellular metabolic processes. Several radioactive substances are considered carcinogens, but their carcinogenic activity is attributed to the radiation, for example gamma rays and alpha particles, which they emit. Common examples of non-radioactive carcinogens are inhaled asbestos, certain dioxins, and tobacco smoke. Although the public generally associates carcinogenicity with synthetic chemicals, it is equally likely to arise in both natural and synthetic substances. Carcinogens are not necessarily immediately toxic, thus their effect can be insidious.Cancer is any disease in which normal cells are damaged and do not undergo programmed cell death as fast as they divide via mitosis. Carcinogens may increase the risk of cancer by altering cellular metabolism or damaging DNA directly in cells, which interferes with biological processes, and induces the uncontrolled, malignant division, ultimately leading to the formation of tumors. Usually, severe DNA damage leads to apoptosis, but if the programmed cell death pathway is damaged, then the cell cannot prevent itself from becoming a cancer cell.There are many natural carcinogens. Aflatoxin B1, which is produced by the fungus Aspergillus flavus growing on stored grains, nuts and peanut butter, is an example of a potent, naturally occurring microbial carcinogen. Certain viruses such as hepatitis B and human papilloma virus have been found to cause cancer in humans. The first one shown to cause cancer in animals is Rous sarcoma virus, discovered in 1910 by Peyton Rous. Other infectious organisms which cause cancer in humans include some bacteria (e.g. Helicobacter pylori ) and helminths (e.g. Opisthorchis viverrini and Clonorchis sinensis ).Dioxins and dioxin-like compounds, benzene, kepone, EDB, and asbestos have all been classified as carcinogenic. As far back as the 1930s, industrial smoke and tobacco smoke were identified as sources of dozens of carcinogens, including benzo[a]pyrene, tobacco-specific nitrosamines such as nitrosonornicotine, and reactive aldehydes such as formaldehyde—which is also a hazard in embalming and making plastics. Vinyl chloride, from which PVC is manufactured, is a carcinogen and thus a hazard in PVC production.Co-carcinogens are chemicals that do not necessarily cause cancer on their own, but promote the activity of other carcinogens in causing cancer.After the carcinogen enters the body, the body makes an attempt to eliminate it through a process called biotransformation. The purpose of these reactions is to make the carcinogen more water-soluble so that it can be removed from the body. However, in some cases, these reactions can also convert a less toxic carcinogen into a more toxic carcinogen.DNA is nucleophilic, therefore soluble carbon electrophiles are carcinogenic, because DNA attacks them. For example, some alkenes are toxicated by human enzymes to produce an electrophilic epoxide. DNA attacks the epoxide, and is bound permanently to it. This is the mechanism behind the carcinogenicity of benzo[a]pyrene in tobacco smoke, other aromatics, aflatoxin and mustard gas.