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Rights and Responsibilities of Citizenship
Rights and Responsibilities of Citizenship

... specifiable, always depending on unstated assumptions about context, modified by practice, constrained by collective memory, yet ineluctably involving rights and obligations sufficiently defined that either party is likely to express indignation and take corrective action when the other fails to mee ...
The Sovereign and the Social: Arendt`s
The Sovereign and the Social: Arendt`s

... security, men are willing to give up (what Arendt calls) their “political rights” (OT, 141). The Leviathan arises as a new body politic demanding absolute submission. This Hobbesian state acquires a monopoly on killing and violence, in exchange for which it provides: security against being killed or ...
Helena Siipi - UTU Research Portal
Helena Siipi - UTU Research Portal

... the sphere of biodiversity (almost) empty. As a result, there would not be biodiversity to conserve and conservation of biodiversity could never be a sensible goal. Conserving biodiversity, the sphere of which is limited to entities that are natural in this sense, would be as reasonable as defending ...
Reflections on Democracy and Human Rights
Reflections on Democracy and Human Rights

... governance; and establishes and defines the powers and functions of governmental institutions, and the values that underpin the new democracy. The Constitution has been the yardstick to measure, and beacon to guide, conduct in private life and public administration, and the civility of governance in ...
Cosmopolitanism, Stoicism, and Liberalism
Cosmopolitanism, Stoicism, and Liberalism

... them.4 For Appiah, cosmopolitanism is that rubric. Appiah's cosmopolitanism is a blend of two principal convictions: One is the idea that we have obligations to others - obligations that stretch beyond those to whom we are related by the ties of kith and kind, or even by the more formal ties of a sh ...
HOBBES AND THE WOLF MAN: MELANCHOLY AND ANIMALITY
HOBBES AND THE WOLF MAN: MELANCHOLY AND ANIMALITY

... man than in an oyster […] hath not the reason or understanding of a man in him.”20 Hobbes’s contemporaries saw in his work an animalization of man that was, to them, provocative. Why is it so no longer provocative to us? I will suggest that the threshold between humanity and animality should continu ...
Ethical Gradualism
Ethical Gradualism

... sense is it a person? The same goes for past membership in the human species. A terminal patient with severe brain damage has been a person, but in what sense is he still a person? These are important questions in a practical sense, since we run into the moral distinction between murdering humans an ...
locke
locke

...  In Book II Locke claims that ideas are the materials of knowledge and all ideas come from experience.  The term ‘idea,’ Locke tells us "...stands for whatsoever is the Object of the Understanding, when a man thinks." (Essay I, 1, 8, p. 47)  Experience is of two kinds, sensation and reflection. O ...
The Right to a Fair Trial under Saudi Law of Criminal
The Right to a Fair Trial under Saudi Law of Criminal

... Punishment (1984) (CAT). It has yet to ratify the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR), and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR).5 The administration of justice in Saudi Arabia is guided primarily by the principles of the Shariah.6 The j ...
human rights impact assessment of the bisha mine in eritrea 2015
human rights impact assessment of the bisha mine in eritrea 2015

... With the adoption of the United Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (UN Guiding Principles) in 2011, a global consensus has emerged that business enterprises should respect human rights.4 This means that they should avoid infringing on the human rights of others and should addres ...
In the Name of Security
In the Name of Security

... are criminal and unjustifiable, regardless of their motivation, whenever and by whomsoever committed and are to be unequivocally condemned, especially when they indiscriminately target or injure civilians.” In keeping with their duty to ensure respect for the right to life, states have a responsibil ...
Gender, Sexuality and Social Justice: What`s Law
Gender, Sexuality and Social Justice: What`s Law

... and Activism analysed the growth of LGBT rights language in international legal arenas. She lectures in human rights law at Manchester Metropolitan University. ...
Document
Document

... conception of justice, it matters a great deal whether his system has easily accessible foundations, and whether, in his view at least, its health depends on those foundations being widely grasped (cf. Ceasar 1990, 19-25, 40). At least some of the above quotes indicate Locke thought it quite importa ...
Notes on Hegel`s Conception of Reconciliation
Notes on Hegel`s Conception of Reconciliation

... human beings in the economic sphere, and what Hegel calls the ‘abstraction of modern labor – in particular for Hegel its dissection and multiplication into specialized tasks, but also, one may add, the essential impersonality of modern production oriented towards the needs of nameless consumers.8 3. ...
Race in Hegel: Text and Context
Race in Hegel: Text and Context

... caste system, thereby rendering his philosophy of history arbitrary and so devoid of reason in spite of the fact that that was precisely what he did not want it to be.’⁹ In the contemporary literature that aims to demonstrate the ‘racial’ foundations of Hegel’s conceptions of history and right, pass ...
Mineral Extraction in Sápmi
Mineral Extraction in Sápmi

Jean-jacques rousseau (1712-1778 )
Jean-jacques rousseau (1712-1778 )

... it is rather a philosophical fiction conceived to illustrate the nature of man as revealed in Rousseau’s intuitive perception this contrast between nature and society shapes Rousseau’s views on education children have a natural ability to learn and develop but the system of modern educational instit ...
Jon Rick, Core Lecturer in Philosophy, Columbia University, June
Jon Rick, Core Lecturer in Philosophy, Columbia University, June

... where Hobbes looks to be endorsing a theory of egoistic hedonism. However, I think that there are many passages which suggest that Hobbes endorses a richer psychology of motivation. Have a look at the following distinctions between egoism, hedonism, and altruism (adapted from Sober & Wilson). We can ...
The Rights of Animal Persons
The Rights of Animal Persons

... Also, female infanticide is practiced in China without endangering the general population.36 However, if such fine distinctions can be put into practice, then we can even more “safely” discriminate (at least in a way that protects so-called “normal” humans) in cases in which the humans are very diff ...
Normative Ethics Introduction Objectives
Normative Ethics Introduction Objectives

... might tell us that we are not very altruistic beyond a limited group of friends and family however a moral theory might tell us that we ought to be altruistic beyond a limited group of friends and family. Another way this distinction between normative and descriptive theories is discussed as is the ...
The Problem of Refugees in The Light of Contemporary
The Problem of Refugees in The Light of Contemporary

... though it may seem to be fairly self-evident that refugee law is and should be part of human rights law, since it is ultimately concerned with protection of the human person, albeit of a more vulnerable kind. “Refugeehood” however, which is premised on the crossing of borders, is distinguished from ...
this PDF file
this PDF file

... (and even in comparison to regulation by the state). Consequently, Marshall’s theory is a theory of social change. Later authors have emphasized this point extensively.9 For Marshall, the growth of citizenship is stimulated by both the struggle to win rights and their enjoyment when won.10 What indu ...
CHAPTER ONE – “PLAYERS” ON THE BATTLEFIELD OF THE WAR
CHAPTER ONE – “PLAYERS” ON THE BATTLEFIELD OF THE WAR

... targeting should be adopted in the context of preventive killing. In addition, the position of this argument on the question of preventive killing of terrorism activists and their leaders will be contrasted with others positions, thus clarifying its rationale. Before beginning the discussion, a meth ...
John Charvet - The Nature and Limits of Human Equality
John Charvet - The Nature and Limits of Human Equality

... all  advance  a  variant  of  what  Charvet  calls  the  standard  justification  of  equality.  The  standard  argument holds that all humans are objectively valuable in virtue of some property they possess, such  as agency, moral personality, or something similar. In this respect all humans are e ...
Tomlinson v Television Jamaica, CVM and Public
Tomlinson v Television Jamaica, CVM and Public

... homosexuals MSM. He speaks of being the organizer of several public events in his advocacy campaign to encourage tolerance of this group. He also speaks to the abuse and threats of violence that he had experienced as a result of the perceived intolerance towards persons with his sexual orientation. ...
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Philosophy of human rights

The philosophy of human rights attempts to examine the underlying basis of the concept of human rights and critically looks at its content and justification. Several theoretical approaches have been advanced to explain how and why the concept of human rights developed.One of the oldest Western philosophies on human rights is that they are a product of a natural law, stemming from different philosophical or religious grounds. Other theories hold that human rights codify moral behavior which is a human social product developed by a process of biological and social evolution (associated with Hume). Human rights are also described as a sociological pattern of rule setting (as in the sociological theory of law and the work of Weber). These approaches include the notion that individuals in a society accept rules from legitimate authority in exchange for security and economic advantage (as in Rawls) – a social contract. The two theories that dominate contemporary human rights discussion are the interest theory and the will theory. Interest theory argues that the principal function of human rights is to protect and promote certain essential human interests, while will theory attempts to establish the validity of human rights based on the unique human capacity for freedom.
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