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design and simulation of shunt active power filter
design and simulation of shunt active power filter

... current would be the highest, the would be lower than the , the would be lower than the , and so on, as shown below: ...
MyM-3S Installation Guide
MyM-3S Installation Guide

... As the MyM-3S contains 2 separate tuners, start by selecting either [Tuner 1] or [Tuner 2]. Select the modulation type you want to receive. By selecting DVB-S2 you also can select between QPSK, 8PSK or 16 QAM. Set the Polarisation. Voltage, FEC and 22 kHz tone should normally be set to “Auto” if you ...
Current measurement with auto-ranging yields 180dB range dynamics
Current measurement with auto-ranging yields 180dB range dynamics

... the size of the sensor resistor (shunt) is the crucial parameter in circuit design. It must be large enough to supply significant voltage signals that aren't drowned out by noise and disturbance. On the other hand, the power dissipation increases by the square of operating current and thus imposes h ...
APPLICATION NOTE
APPLICATION NOTE

... traces, component leads, connectors, etc. In real circuits on real circuit boards parasitics are always present, and hence all switching converters produce at least some ringing. This electromagnetic interference (EMI) is typically in the range of 50 to 200 MHz, and at these frequencies PCB traces a ...
EXERCISE #1 To measure the tripping time of maximum
EXERCISE #1 To measure the tripping time of maximum

Calibrating Power Meters with the 5500A /5522A
Calibrating Power Meters with the 5500A /5522A

... To simulate a current harmonic the voltage drop through a resistive shunt and calculates to the power meter, the AUX output current waveform can be the current per Ohm’s law. Many four-terminal watt­meters set to any harmonic (multiple) of the fundamental frequency of have circuitry to measure the t ...
AN5148, Avoiding MPC574x Multiple Resets During Slow Power
AN5148, Avoiding MPC574x Multiple Resets During Slow Power

Ground Bounce Part 1 - UltraCAD Design, Inc
Ground Bounce Part 1 - UltraCAD Design, Inc

... their steady state values (i.e. when dI/dt goes to zero.) Obviously, the integrated circuit is designed to be able to operate dependably in this environment. The chip input circuit recognizes a logical high that is some level below the maximum spec'd value, and recognizes a logical low that is high ...
RA01L8693MA 数据资料DataSheet下载
RA01L8693MA 数据资料DataSheet下载

... to guarantee the level of reliability typically deemed necessary for critical communications elements. Examples of critical communications elements would include transmitters for base station applications and fixed station applications that operate with long term continuous transmission and a higher ...
TRANSIENTS AND RC TIME CONSTANTS The capacitor has a
TRANSIENTS AND RC TIME CONSTANTS The capacitor has a

... repetitive. It can be displayed conveniently only on an oscilloscope with memory. For the oscilloscopes in the EEL 3303L laboratory, it is necessary to apply a repetitive “step” voltage to the input of the RC circuit to display the transient response of the circuit. A good approximation of the trans ...
Rotor side Control of High Power Slip Ring Induction Motor using a
Rotor side Control of High Power Slip Ring Induction Motor using a

... A single phase induction motor is not self-starting. Thus, it is necessary to provide a starting circuit and associated start windings to give the initial rotation in a single phase induction motor. The normal running windings within such a motor can cause the rotor to turn in either direction, so t ...
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File

... 5. Speed of a separately excited DC motor is controlled by means of two 3 phase full converters one in the armature circuit and the other in the field circuit and both are fed from 3 phase, 400 V, 50 Hz supply. Resistances of the armature and field circuits are 0.2 Ω and 320 Ω respectively. The moto ...
Power Distribution Control Coordinating Ultracapacitors and
Power Distribution Control Coordinating Ultracapacitors and

... 3 was chosen. Here R , L , and C are the total circuit resistance, total capacitance, and total inductance of the system. The ultracapacitor voltage input Vin acts as the ‘control input’ to the capacitor system. In implementation, this voltage input is created by a basic bidirectional buck converter ...
S.C., D.M. Otten, T.A. Keim, and D.J. Perreault, “Design and Evaluation of a 42 V Automotive Alternator with Integrated Switched-Mode Rectifier,” 2007 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference , September 2007, pp. 250 – 258
S.C., D.M. Otten, T.A. Keim, and D.J. Perreault, “Design and Evaluation of a 42 V Automotive Alternator with Integrated Switched-Mode Rectifier,” 2007 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference , September 2007, pp. 250 – 258

... diode bridge to rectify the generated ac voltages, and regulate the output voltage via field control. By exchanging the diodes in the bottom half of the rectifier bridge for active devices such as power MOSFETs, a semi-bridge switched-mode rectifier (SMR) is obtained (Figi). The switched-mode rectif ...
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HMC224MS8 / 224MS8E

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Dead-Time Compensation Strategy
Dead-Time Compensation Strategy

... To prevent the two insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs) in an inverter leg from conducting simultaneously, a small delay time is added to the IGBT turn-on/turn-off. Since no voltage sensors adopted to detect the stator voltage, the voltage reference is used for the sliding-mode observer as the ...
Datasheet
Datasheet

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Understanding Induction Motor Nameplate Information

MAX6969 16-Port, 5.5V Constant-Current LED Driver General Description Features
MAX6969 16-Port, 5.5V Constant-Current LED Driver General Description Features

... For applications requiring LED fault detection, refer to the MAX6984*, which automatically detects open-circuit LEDs. For safety-related applications requiring a watchdog timer, refer to the MAX6979, which includes a fail-safe feature that blanks the display if the serial interface becomes inactive ...
AP4201274279
AP4201274279

FrM05.4
FrM05.4

... 3 was chosen. Here R , L , and C are the total circuit resistance, total capacitance, and total inductance of the system. The ultracapacitor voltage input Vin acts as the ‘control input’ to the capacitor system. In implementation, this voltage input is created by a basic bidirectional buck converter ...
GFX-One Guitar Processor
GFX-One Guitar Processor

... Capstone Fall 2005 ...
a Fast, High-Voltage Drive, 6-Channel Output DecDriver Decimating LCD Panel Driver
a Fast, High-Voltage Drive, 6-Channel Output DecDriver Decimating LCD Panel Driver

... input that drives 6-channel high voltage drive outputs. The 10bit input word is sequentially muxed into six separate high speed, bipolar DACs. Flexible digital input formats allow several AD8380s to be used in parallel for higher resolution displays. STSQ/CS, in conjunction with 3-bit addressable ch ...
LM138/LM338 5-Amp Adjustable Regulators
LM138/LM338 5-Amp Adjustable Regulators

SC1894A-00 IC Datasheet
SC1894A-00 IC Datasheet

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Pulse-width modulation



Pulse-width modulation (PWM), or pulse-duration modulation (PDM), is a modulation technique used to encode a message into a pulsing signal. Although this modulation technique can be used to encode information for transmission, its main use is to allow the control of the power supplied to electrical devices, especially to inertial loads such as motors. In addition, PWM is one of the two principal algorithms used in photovoltaic solar battery chargers, the other being MPPT.The average value of voltage (and current) fed to the load is controlled by turning the switch between supply and load on and off at a fast rate. The longer the switch is on compared to the off periods, the higher the total power supplied to the load.The PWM switching frequency has to be much higher than what would affect the load (the device that uses the power), which is to say that the resultant waveform perceived by the load must be as smooth as possible. Typically switching has to be done several times a minute in an electric stove, 120 Hz in a lamp dimmer, from few kilohertz (kHz) to tens of kHz for a motor drive and well into the tens or hundreds of kHz in audio amplifiers and computer power supplies.The term duty cycle describes the proportion of 'on' time to the regular interval or 'period' of time; a low duty cycle corresponds to low power, because the power is off for most of the time. Duty cycle is expressed in percent, 100% being fully on.The main advantage of PWM is that power loss in the switching devices is very low. When a switch is off there is practically no current, and when it is on and power is being transferred to the load, there is almost no voltage drop across the switch. Power loss, being the product of voltage and current, is thus in both cases close to zero. PWM also works well with digital controls, which, because of their on/off nature, can easily set the needed duty cycle.PWM has also been used in certain communication systems where its duty cycle has been used to convey information over a communications channel.
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