Ultra Low Power VLSI Design: A Review
... potential across the source & drain) even if the gate voltage is in the off position. This current is called sub threshold current and used to be insignificant. However, as devices have become smaller and smaller and operating voltages have not scaled down with technology scaling (due to problems sc ...
... potential across the source & drain) even if the gate voltage is in the off position. This current is called sub threshold current and used to be insignificant. However, as devices have become smaller and smaller and operating voltages have not scaled down with technology scaling (due to problems sc ...
TL97x Output Rail-To-Rail Very-Low-Noise
... The output voltage of an operational amplifier is limited by its internal circuitry to some level below the supply rails. For this amplifier, the output voltage must be within ±12 V. 9.1.2.2 Supply and Input Voltage For correct operation of the amplifier, neither input must be higher than the recomm ...
... The output voltage of an operational amplifier is limited by its internal circuitry to some level below the supply rails. For this amplifier, the output voltage must be within ±12 V. 9.1.2.2 Supply and Input Voltage For correct operation of the amplifier, neither input must be higher than the recomm ...
MAX16910C9 Evaluation Kit Evaluates: MAX16910C General Description Features
... to 3.3V or 5V using jumper JU3. To configure the EV kit circuit for fixed output mode, install a shunt across pins 2-3 on jumper JU2. Place a shunt across pins 1-2 on JU3 for the 5V preset output. Place a shunt across pins 2-3 for the 3.3V preset output. In adjustable output-voltage mode, the output ...
... to 3.3V or 5V using jumper JU3. To configure the EV kit circuit for fixed output mode, install a shunt across pins 2-3 on jumper JU2. Place a shunt across pins 1-2 on JU3 for the 5V preset output. Place a shunt across pins 2-3 for the 3.3V preset output. In adjustable output-voltage mode, the output ...
PAM2319 Description Pin Assignments
... This formula has a maximum at VIN = 2VOUT, where IRMS =IOUT /2. This simple worst-case condition is commonly used for design because even significant deviations do not offer much relief. Note that the capacitor manufacturer's ripple current ratings are often based on 2000 hours of life. This makes i ...
... This formula has a maximum at VIN = 2VOUT, where IRMS =IOUT /2. This simple worst-case condition is commonly used for design because even significant deviations do not offer much relief. Note that the capacitor manufacturer's ripple current ratings are often based on 2000 hours of life. This makes i ...
Notes LM1036 Dual DC Operated Tone/Volume/Balance Circuit
... Figure 8 and Figure 9 illustrate the loudness characteristics obtained with Cb changed to Cb/2 and Cb/4 respectively, Ct being kept at the nominal 0.01 μF. These values naturally modify the bass tone response as in Figure 2 and Figure 3. With pins 7 (loudness) and 12 (volume) directly connected, lou ...
... Figure 8 and Figure 9 illustrate the loudness characteristics obtained with Cb changed to Cb/2 and Cb/4 respectively, Ct being kept at the nominal 0.01 μF. These values naturally modify the bass tone response as in Figure 2 and Figure 3. With pins 7 (loudness) and 12 (volume) directly connected, lou ...
daq signal accessory
... Thermocouple and IC Temperature Sensor The standard slotted thermocouple jack on the side panel is connected internally to AI channel 4. Mating connectors (type SMB) are available from Omega and can use any type of thermocouple wire. The IC temperature sensor, wired to AI channels 0 and 5, provides ...
... Thermocouple and IC Temperature Sensor The standard slotted thermocouple jack on the side panel is connected internally to AI channel 4. Mating connectors (type SMB) are available from Omega and can use any type of thermocouple wire. The IC temperature sensor, wired to AI channels 0 and 5, provides ...
... section of this inevitable change which is done in the power production sections are the DG sources. The DGs are the source of electric energy which we can connect them on the distributional network. Concentration to the natural surroundings, release of capacity of system, decrease of wasting the po ...
APPLICATION NOTE 29 Testing Capacitors with High DC Bias
... bias. As highlighted in the results, it is recommended that engineers make use of AC coupling as this will offer more stable results when measurements are taken in the presence of high DC bias, facilitated by more suitable range selection of the input ...
... bias. As highlighted in the results, it is recommended that engineers make use of AC coupling as this will offer more stable results when measurements are taken in the presence of high DC bias, facilitated by more suitable range selection of the input ...
Technical Explanation for Uninterruptible Power Supplies (UPSs)
... What Is a Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS)? A UPS, or a uninterruptible power supply, is a device used to backup a power supply to prevent devices and systems from power supply problems, such as a power failure or lightning strikes. A UPS can help prevent power supply problems that can often occur ...
... What Is a Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS)? A UPS, or a uninterruptible power supply, is a device used to backup a power supply to prevent devices and systems from power supply problems, such as a power failure or lightning strikes. A UPS can help prevent power supply problems that can often occur ...
MAX1011 Low-Power, 90Msps, 6-Bit ADC General Description Features
... ADC The ADC block receives the analog signal from the input amplifier. The ADC uses flash conversion with 63 fully differential comparators to digitize the analog input signal into a 6-bit output in offset binary format. The MAX1011 features a proprietary encoding scheme that ensures no more than 1L ...
... ADC The ADC block receives the analog signal from the input amplifier. The ADC uses flash conversion with 63 fully differential comparators to digitize the analog input signal into a 6-bit output in offset binary format. The MAX1011 features a proprietary encoding scheme that ensures no more than 1L ...
A Method to Enhance Ground
... where E/S, P/S and D/S individually stand for extra high-voltage, primary, and distribution substations. From the list of Table I, it indicates that 3SC currents are larger than SLG ones at most locations; yet from that of Table II, the recorded data at seven substations have demonstrated different ...
... where E/S, P/S and D/S individually stand for extra high-voltage, primary, and distribution substations. From the list of Table I, it indicates that 3SC currents are larger than SLG ones at most locations; yet from that of Table II, the recorded data at seven substations have demonstrated different ...
Deuterium Triode Thyratron
... 5. The pulse width is measured on the discharge current waveform at the half peak current level. 6. For anode current pulse widths greater than 0.3 microseconds but less than 10 microseconds, a useful formula for estimating the allowable peak current is ib=ib0 (3/tp)Áת amps, where tp is the puls ...
... 5. The pulse width is measured on the discharge current waveform at the half peak current level. 6. For anode current pulse widths greater than 0.3 microseconds but less than 10 microseconds, a useful formula for estimating the allowable peak current is ib=ib0 (3/tp)Áת amps, where tp is the puls ...
Document
... The fast controllability of power flow in DC lines eliminates all of the above problems. Furthermore, the asynchronous interconnection of two power systems can only be achieved with the use of DC links. ...
... The fast controllability of power flow in DC lines eliminates all of the above problems. Furthermore, the asynchronous interconnection of two power systems can only be achieved with the use of DC links. ...
irf.com - Newark
... has to be re-dimensioned for the higher boost ratio and the power components need to be rescaled to handle the higher current levels due to the lower input voltage. The boost configuration has the advantage that the DC bus is regulated to a constant voltage, independent of the DC input voltage, allo ...
... has to be re-dimensioned for the higher boost ratio and the power components need to be rescaled to handle the higher current levels due to the lower input voltage. The boost configuration has the advantage that the DC bus is regulated to a constant voltage, independent of the DC input voltage, allo ...
AD8114 数据手册DataSheet 下载
... applications. The differential gain and differential phase of better than 0.05% and 0.05°, respectively, along with 0.1 dB ...
... applications. The differential gain and differential phase of better than 0.05% and 0.05°, respectively, along with 0.1 dB ...
Optimal Voltage Regulators Placement in Radial Distribution System
... The voltage drop along radial distribution systems has been a crucial operating problem. Utilities look for solutions for this problem, from both technical and economical standpoints. Various devices such as capacitors and voltage regulators (VR’s) can be installed to reduce the voltage drop. In thi ...
... The voltage drop along radial distribution systems has been a crucial operating problem. Utilities look for solutions for this problem, from both technical and economical standpoints. Various devices such as capacitors and voltage regulators (VR’s) can be installed to reduce the voltage drop. In thi ...
MAX187/MAX189 +5V, Low-Power, 12-Bit Serial ADCs General Description Features
... where RIN = 5kI, RS = the source impedance of the input signal, and tACQ is never less than 1.5Fs. Source impedances below 5kI do not significantly affect the AC performance of the ADC. Input Bandwidth The ADCs’ input tracking circuitry has a 4.5MHz smallsignal bandwidth, and an 8V/Fs slew rate. It ...
... where RIN = 5kI, RS = the source impedance of the input signal, and tACQ is never less than 1.5Fs. Source impedances below 5kI do not significantly affect the AC performance of the ADC. Input Bandwidth The ADCs’ input tracking circuitry has a 4.5MHz smallsignal bandwidth, and an 8V/Fs slew rate. It ...
sensors
... With 776 op amps, the circuit was found to have a CMRR of 86 dB at 100 Hz and a noise level of 40 mV peak to peak at the output. The frequency response was 0.04 to 150 Hz for ±3 dB and was flat over 4 to 40 Hz. The total gain is 25 (instrument amp) x 32 (non-inverting amp) = 800. ...
... With 776 op amps, the circuit was found to have a CMRR of 86 dB at 100 Hz and a noise level of 40 mV peak to peak at the output. The frequency response was 0.04 to 150 Hz for ±3 dB and was flat over 4 to 40 Hz. The total gain is 25 (instrument amp) x 32 (non-inverting amp) = 800. ...
Pulse-width modulation
Pulse-width modulation (PWM), or pulse-duration modulation (PDM), is a modulation technique used to encode a message into a pulsing signal. Although this modulation technique can be used to encode information for transmission, its main use is to allow the control of the power supplied to electrical devices, especially to inertial loads such as motors. In addition, PWM is one of the two principal algorithms used in photovoltaic solar battery chargers, the other being MPPT.The average value of voltage (and current) fed to the load is controlled by turning the switch between supply and load on and off at a fast rate. The longer the switch is on compared to the off periods, the higher the total power supplied to the load.The PWM switching frequency has to be much higher than what would affect the load (the device that uses the power), which is to say that the resultant waveform perceived by the load must be as smooth as possible. Typically switching has to be done several times a minute in an electric stove, 120 Hz in a lamp dimmer, from few kilohertz (kHz) to tens of kHz for a motor drive and well into the tens or hundreds of kHz in audio amplifiers and computer power supplies.The term duty cycle describes the proportion of 'on' time to the regular interval or 'period' of time; a low duty cycle corresponds to low power, because the power is off for most of the time. Duty cycle is expressed in percent, 100% being fully on.The main advantage of PWM is that power loss in the switching devices is very low. When a switch is off there is practically no current, and when it is on and power is being transferred to the load, there is almost no voltage drop across the switch. Power loss, being the product of voltage and current, is thus in both cases close to zero. PWM also works well with digital controls, which, because of their on/off nature, can easily set the needed duty cycle.PWM has also been used in certain communication systems where its duty cycle has been used to convey information over a communications channel.