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Reduced Voltage Starter Configurations
Reduced Voltage Starter Configurations

... line. Part winding controllers are inherently closed transition. Part-winding controllers are generally of the increment type in that the motor may not begin to accelerate on the first step. The current drawn from the incoming line of a part-winding motor at the first step is typically 65% of the fu ...
YGV629 (VC1)
YGV629 (VC1)

... open-drain pin except XIN, XOUT, and the analog pins can interface with the 5V TTL level compatible device because they have 5V voltage tolerance. Use the independent resistors for each pin, when pulling up or down the input pin and the input output pin externally. However, the common resistor can b ...
ATX Specification
ATX Specification

... The ATX form factor allows for processor relocation away from the expansion slots, allowing the longer side of the board to be used to host more on-board I/O. For processor voltage regulators that have been designed for 12V input, an additional 12V power connector must be added. ATX power supplies w ...
FRENIC-EcoPAK NonBypass EngSpec_FECA-TE-103E
FRENIC-EcoPAK NonBypass EngSpec_FECA-TE-103E

D1213A-04TS Features Mechanical Data
D1213A-04TS Features Mechanical Data

... Diodes Incorporated products are specifically not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems without the express written approval of the Chief Executive Officer of Diodes Incorporated. As used herein: A. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems which: ...
Low-Power, Precision SINGLE-SUPPLY OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS FEATURES ±
Low-Power, Precision SINGLE-SUPPLY OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS FEATURES ±

... power-supply rejection, and a wide supply range provides excellent accuracy and versatility. Single, dual, and quad versions have identical specifications for maximum design flexibility. These general-purpose op amps are ideal for portable and battery-powered applications. The OPA234 series op amps ...
millipak 4qpm controller manual
millipak 4qpm controller manual

... The Calibrator uses all three buttons for navigating through the menu structure. Use the SELECT button to move through the menu structure. When the SELECT button is pressed the next menu item is displayed. The default direction is from left to right, top to bottom. If the '+' and '-' buttons are hel ...
POWER INVERTER 5000W
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... Low Battery Alarm- the inverter sounds an audible alarm and turns itself off if the source battery becomes too low. Auto shutdown/reset protection - the inverter temporarily shuts itself down to protect itself from overheating. Overload/Short Circuit Protection - the inverter automatically turns its ...
The application of relay coil suppression with DC
The application of relay coil suppression with DC

... Icoil = steady-state relay coil current The actual voltage peak observed will be lower than calculated by this formula due to energy losses in the resistor. When using this type of suppression it is best to consult the relay manufacturer for recommended values. A resistor may also be used by itself ...
Improving the Stability of Cascaded DC/DC Converter Systems via
Improving the Stability of Cascaded DC/DC Converter Systems via

How to debug a PLL frequency synthesizer
How to debug a PLL frequency synthesizer

... tector produces an error voltage that is approximately linear over the range of phase errors of 62*p, and is constant for errors greater in magnitude than 62*p. (Figure 3.) This dual-mode operation of the phase-frequency comparator produces faster PLL lock times for large frequency errors, such as w ...
QUICKTRONIC® Outdoor Metal Halide and High Pressure Sodium
QUICKTRONIC® Outdoor Metal Halide and High Pressure Sodium

... 4. Auto shut down function including end-of-life and thermal protection: a. Disconnect power when servicing. Cycle power to reset ballast after auto shutdown. 5. S tep or 0-10V dimming can be activated after 15 minutes of warm-up at full power. Recommended by NEMA and lamp manufacturers. 6. If co ...
D.S. Lymar, T.C. Neugebauer, and D.J. Perreault, “Coupled-Magnetic Filters with Adaptive Inductance Cancellation,” IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics , Vol. 21, No. 6, pp. 1529-1540, Nov. 2006.
D.S. Lymar, T.C. Neugebauer, and D.J. Perreault, “Coupled-Magnetic Filters with Adaptive Inductance Cancellation,” IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics , Vol. 21, No. 6, pp. 1529-1540, Nov. 2006.

... magnetics (e.g., by realizing inductors with a coupled magnetic circuit wound on a single core). Coupled magnetics have been used with capacitors to achieve “notch” filtering [6]–[9], as well as so-called “zero-ripple” filtering [10]–[14]. Despite the name “zero-ripple,” it has been shown that the p ...
Substation Transformer Design Issues
Substation Transformer Design Issues

... frequency, at maximum rated kVA for any tap, without exceeding the limits of observable temperature rise in accordance with 5.11.1 when all of the following conditions prevail: • 1) Secondary voltage and volts per hertz do not exceed 105% of rated values. • 2) Load power factor is 80% or higher. • 3 ...
IMX15 Series DC/DC Data Sheet
IMX15 Series DC/DC Data Sheet

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ABB drives - Technical guide No. 7
ABB drives - Technical guide No. 7

... An induction motor current has two components: reactive current ( i sd ) and active current ( isq ). The reactive current component includes the magnetizing current ( imagn ) whereas the active current is the torque producing current component. The reactive and active current components are perpendi ...
Design Methodology for Common-Mode Stability of
Design Methodology for Common-Mode Stability of

... Continuous-time filters are widely employed in system-onchip wireless communication systems, such as LTE cellular, GNSS and UWB [1]–[4]. These systems require more and more bandwidth (BW) and selectivity due to the growing number of users and systems working together. These requirements thus also ap ...
Curve Tracers - MATsolutions
Curve Tracers - MATsolutions

... provides direct screen readout of voltage, current, gm or DC beta at any point. The window cursor can be positioned between two curves to measure small signal beta or gm and can also be used for visual go/no-go tests. The function line cursor provides screen readout of a slope or intercept value. Sw ...
74LCX573 Low Voltage Octal Latch with 5V Tolerant Inputs and Outputs
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... ■ Implements proprietary noise/EMI reduction circuitry ■ Latch-up performance exceeds JEDEC 78 conditions ■ ESD performance ...
ABCs of ADCs - Analog-to-Digital Converter Basics
ABCs of ADCs - Analog-to-Digital Converter Basics

... If we add 1/2 LSB offset to the ADC input, the output code will change 1/2 LSB before it otherwise would. The output changes from 000 to 001 with an input value of 1/2 LSB rather than 1 LSB and all subsequent codes change at a point 1/2 LSB below where they would have changed without the added offse ...
Eaton Software Development Kit
Eaton Software Development Kit

... libeaton_read returns a pointer to a string containing the value of the variable or NULL if an error occurred. It points to a string managed by the library you must not try to free it. libeaton_read returns data which were gathered in the last call to libeaton_update. It’s up to your application to ...
MBI5037
MBI5037

... MBI5037 is an enhanced 16-channel constant current LED sink driver with advanced error detection functions and smart power-saving modes. MBI5037 succeeds MBI5026 and also exploits PrecisionDrive™ technology to enhance its output characteristics. Furthermore, MBI5037 uses the concept of Share-I-O™ te ...
section 16
section 16

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Features
Features

... detailed information on CoolRunner-II I/Os. In addition to voltage levels, each input can selectively arrive through Schmitt-trigger inputs. This adds a small time delay, but substantially reduces noise on that input pin. Approximately 500 mV of hysteresis will be added when Schmitt-trigger inputs a ...
MC33291 - NXP Semiconductors
MC33291 - NXP Semiconductors

... The 33291 device is an eight-output, low-side power switch with 8bit serial input control. The 33291 is a versatile circuit designed for automotive applications, but is well suited for other environments. The 33291 incorporates SMARTMOS technology, with CMOS logic, bipolar/MOS analog circuitry, and ...
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Pulse-width modulation



Pulse-width modulation (PWM), or pulse-duration modulation (PDM), is a modulation technique used to encode a message into a pulsing signal. Although this modulation technique can be used to encode information for transmission, its main use is to allow the control of the power supplied to electrical devices, especially to inertial loads such as motors. In addition, PWM is one of the two principal algorithms used in photovoltaic solar battery chargers, the other being MPPT.The average value of voltage (and current) fed to the load is controlled by turning the switch between supply and load on and off at a fast rate. The longer the switch is on compared to the off periods, the higher the total power supplied to the load.The PWM switching frequency has to be much higher than what would affect the load (the device that uses the power), which is to say that the resultant waveform perceived by the load must be as smooth as possible. Typically switching has to be done several times a minute in an electric stove, 120 Hz in a lamp dimmer, from few kilohertz (kHz) to tens of kHz for a motor drive and well into the tens or hundreds of kHz in audio amplifiers and computer power supplies.The term duty cycle describes the proportion of 'on' time to the regular interval or 'period' of time; a low duty cycle corresponds to low power, because the power is off for most of the time. Duty cycle is expressed in percent, 100% being fully on.The main advantage of PWM is that power loss in the switching devices is very low. When a switch is off there is practically no current, and when it is on and power is being transferred to the load, there is almost no voltage drop across the switch. Power loss, being the product of voltage and current, is thus in both cases close to zero. PWM also works well with digital controls, which, because of their on/off nature, can easily set the needed duty cycle.PWM has also been used in certain communication systems where its duty cycle has been used to convey information over a communications channel.
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