Lecture 7
... Modeling plug-flow reactors: Developing a kinetic model for the plug-flow reactor is mathematically difficult (X vary along the reactor). Two assumptions are made to simplify the modeling: ...
... Modeling plug-flow reactors: Developing a kinetic model for the plug-flow reactor is mathematically difficult (X vary along the reactor). Two assumptions are made to simplify the modeling: ...
global water sampling project
... Oxygen dissolves into the water from the atmosphere until the water is completely saturated. Slowly the oxygen diffuses but the distribution depends on the rapid movement of the surrounding air. Fish, plants, bacteria, and invertebrates need this dissolved oxygen in order to breathe and to live. A h ...
... Oxygen dissolves into the water from the atmosphere until the water is completely saturated. Slowly the oxygen diffuses but the distribution depends on the rapid movement of the surrounding air. Fish, plants, bacteria, and invertebrates need this dissolved oxygen in order to breathe and to live. A h ...
Lesson 2.4 Biogeochemical Cycles
... • Nearly 78% of the air is nitrogen gas. However, most organisms cannot use this form of nitrogen. • Certain bacteria in the soil can change nitrogen gas (N2) into ammonia (NH3) by combing it with hydrogen gas (H2). This process is termed nitrogen fixation. • Plants take in nitrogen compounds throug ...
... • Nearly 78% of the air is nitrogen gas. However, most organisms cannot use this form of nitrogen. • Certain bacteria in the soil can change nitrogen gas (N2) into ammonia (NH3) by combing it with hydrogen gas (H2). This process is termed nitrogen fixation. • Plants take in nitrogen compounds throug ...
Penrith Wastewater Treatment Plant
... Primary sludge is pumped into the fermenter, where it’s broken down under anaerobic conditions, and produces volatile fatty acids (VFAs). These VFAs are then introduced to the anaerobic zone of the biological reactor. Anaerobic zone Wastewater from the primary sedimentation tanks and biomass (mainly ...
... Primary sludge is pumped into the fermenter, where it’s broken down under anaerobic conditions, and produces volatile fatty acids (VFAs). These VFAs are then introduced to the anaerobic zone of the biological reactor. Anaerobic zone Wastewater from the primary sedimentation tanks and biomass (mainly ...
Understanding the Basic Principles of Nitrogen
... Total Nitrogen (TN) is the sum of all nitrogen forms or; Total Nitrogen = Ammonia Nitrogen (NH3) + Organic Nitrogen (Nitrogen in amino acids and proteins) + Nitrite (NO2) + Nitrate (NO3) or; Total Nitrogen = TKN + NO2 + NO3 (This is the formula used to measure nitrogen at wastewater plants). TK ...
... Total Nitrogen (TN) is the sum of all nitrogen forms or; Total Nitrogen = Ammonia Nitrogen (NH3) + Organic Nitrogen (Nitrogen in amino acids and proteins) + Nitrite (NO2) + Nitrate (NO3) or; Total Nitrogen = TKN + NO2 + NO3 (This is the formula used to measure nitrogen at wastewater plants). TK ...
Membrane Filter Technique
... Municipal water treatment plants monitor drinking, waste, and surface water for the presence of coliform bacteria by the MF Technique. The key organism monitored in water treatment facilities is E. coli. The U.S. EPA considers this organism the leading indicator of fecal contamination. In addition t ...
... Municipal water treatment plants monitor drinking, waste, and surface water for the presence of coliform bacteria by the MF Technique. The key organism monitored in water treatment facilities is E. coli. The U.S. EPA considers this organism the leading indicator of fecal contamination. In addition t ...
Treatment of waters from a copper mine by means of a permeable
... Acid mine waters contaminated with heavy metals (Cu, Cd, Fe), arsenic and sulphates were treated by means of a permeable reactive barrier. The barrier was constructed in a site with a high rock permeability. It represented a ditch located perpendicularly to the direction of the water flow and filled ...
... Acid mine waters contaminated with heavy metals (Cu, Cd, Fe), arsenic and sulphates were treated by means of a permeable reactive barrier. The barrier was constructed in a site with a high rock permeability. It represented a ditch located perpendicularly to the direction of the water flow and filled ...
Life and the Evolution of Earth`s Atmosphere
... billion years ago. So, the origin of life is probably the origin of evolution. Life is resourceful and entrepreneurial. It takes advantage and it changes the chemistry of its surroundings. Life is a fantastically complex system, the emergence of which remains the greatest mystery in science. Long-te ...
... billion years ago. So, the origin of life is probably the origin of evolution. Life is resourceful and entrepreneurial. It takes advantage and it changes the chemistry of its surroundings. Life is a fantastically complex system, the emergence of which remains the greatest mystery in science. Long-te ...
Aalborg Universitet Influent pathogenic bacteria may go straight into
... Microorganisms from wastewater are usually considered to be adsorbed onto the activated sludge flocs in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), consumed by protozoan or to die off. Therefore, the effluent is assumed to comprise primarily of those microorganisms that grow in the plant. Standard techniqu ...
... Microorganisms from wastewater are usually considered to be adsorbed onto the activated sludge flocs in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), consumed by protozoan or to die off. Therefore, the effluent is assumed to comprise primarily of those microorganisms that grow in the plant. Standard techniqu ...
Waste Water Treatment Plants
... bottom layer is called "sludge". The sludge is denser than water and is derived from much of the solid portion of sewage waste. In the first chamber of the septic tank a balance occurs, resulting in the presence of anaerobic bacteria thriving in the three above mentioned sewage layers. Through the n ...
... bottom layer is called "sludge". The sludge is denser than water and is derived from much of the solid portion of sewage waste. In the first chamber of the septic tank a balance occurs, resulting in the presence of anaerobic bacteria thriving in the three above mentioned sewage layers. Through the n ...
Hadean and Archean
... Earliest Organisms • The earliest organisms, then, were anaerobic, heterotrophic prokaryotes • Their nutrient source was most likely adenosine triphosphate (ATP) from their environment – which was used to drive the energy-requiring reactions in cells ...
... Earliest Organisms • The earliest organisms, then, were anaerobic, heterotrophic prokaryotes • Their nutrient source was most likely adenosine triphosphate (ATP) from their environment – which was used to drive the energy-requiring reactions in cells ...
4-17_MICROBES_AND_ECOLOGY
... where the bacterial ‘flocs’ are allowed to sediment. This sediment is called activated sludge. Anaerobic sludge digesters- A small part of the activated sludge is pumped back into the aeration tank to serve as the inoculum. The remaining major part of the sludge is pumped into large tanks called ana ...
... where the bacterial ‘flocs’ are allowed to sediment. This sediment is called activated sludge. Anaerobic sludge digesters- A small part of the activated sludge is pumped back into the aeration tank to serve as the inoculum. The remaining major part of the sludge is pumped into large tanks called ana ...
MICROBES IN ECOLOGY INTRODUCTION
... where the bacterial ‘flocs’ are allowed to sediment. This sediment is called activated sludge. Anaerobic sludge digesters- A small part of the activated sludge is pumped back into the aeration tank to serve as the inoculum. The remaining major part of the sludge is pumped into large tanks called ana ...
... where the bacterial ‘flocs’ are allowed to sediment. This sediment is called activated sludge. Anaerobic sludge digesters- A small part of the activated sludge is pumped back into the aeration tank to serve as the inoculum. The remaining major part of the sludge is pumped into large tanks called ana ...
Slide 1
... that would change everything. These cyanobacteria which evolved 3.5-1.5 billion years ago (also known as blue-green algae), were remarkably self-sufficient creatures that could use the sun’s energy to make their own food, and fix nitrogen, a process where nitrogen gas is converted into ammonia or ni ...
... that would change everything. These cyanobacteria which evolved 3.5-1.5 billion years ago (also known as blue-green algae), were remarkably self-sufficient creatures that could use the sun’s energy to make their own food, and fix nitrogen, a process where nitrogen gas is converted into ammonia or ni ...
Chemical/Physical Factors: Factsheets
... Nitrogen is a mineral nutrient, essential for all forms of life. It is found in proteins, including enzymes, DNA and many of the other building blocks of life. Aquatic organisms can use both dissolved and some particulate organic forms of nitrogen. The delicate balance of an ecosystem can be upset w ...
... Nitrogen is a mineral nutrient, essential for all forms of life. It is found in proteins, including enzymes, DNA and many of the other building blocks of life. Aquatic organisms can use both dissolved and some particulate organic forms of nitrogen. The delicate balance of an ecosystem can be upset w ...
water - Highland Local Schools
... and above seven is basic (or alkaline). Most aquatic organisms exist within a pH range of 5.5 to 9.5. ...
... and above seven is basic (or alkaline). Most aquatic organisms exist within a pH range of 5.5 to 9.5. ...
Redox/ORP PDF
... Redox electrodes and hence the monitors and controllers associated with them provide an output that varies from -2000 to +2000 mV, in practice the measurement span is more like +/- 500 mV. An increasing -ve reading indicates the presence of a reducing agent such as BOD or COD, whereas an increasing ...
... Redox electrodes and hence the monitors and controllers associated with them provide an output that varies from -2000 to +2000 mV, in practice the measurement span is more like +/- 500 mV. An increasing -ve reading indicates the presence of a reducing agent such as BOD or COD, whereas an increasing ...
BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT Objective
... remove or reduce the concentration of organic and inorganic compounds transform (i.e., oxidize) dissolved and particulate biodegradable constituents into acceptable end products capture and incorporate suspended and nonsettleble colloids to a biological floc or biofilm transform or remove N, ...
... remove or reduce the concentration of organic and inorganic compounds transform (i.e., oxidize) dissolved and particulate biodegradable constituents into acceptable end products capture and incorporate suspended and nonsettleble colloids to a biological floc or biofilm transform or remove N, ...
Document
... re-seed the new sewage entering the tank. Mixed Liquor is a mixture of raw or settled wastewater and activiated sludge within an aeration tank in the activated sludge process Mixed Liquor Suspended Solids (MLSS) is the concentration of suspended solids in the mixed liquor, usually expressed in milli ...
... re-seed the new sewage entering the tank. Mixed Liquor is a mixture of raw or settled wastewater and activiated sludge within an aeration tank in the activated sludge process Mixed Liquor Suspended Solids (MLSS) is the concentration of suspended solids in the mixed liquor, usually expressed in milli ...
C:\Datafiles\CAMM\CAMMS\CAMM-S Manual\Appendix B\glossary
... the sun's heat and becomes water vapor in the atmosphere. As it cools and condenses, moisture falls back to the earth's surface as rain or snow and begins the cycle again. Hypersensitivity - Abnormally or excessively sensitive reaction to a stimulus. Increased response that may be inappropriate to t ...
... the sun's heat and becomes water vapor in the atmosphere. As it cools and condenses, moisture falls back to the earth's surface as rain or snow and begins the cycle again. Hypersensitivity - Abnormally or excessively sensitive reaction to a stimulus. Increased response that may be inappropriate to t ...
Richmond Lake Water Quality Project: Citizen`s Guide to
... Bacteria. Microscopic one-celled organisms that have no chlorophyll, are aerobic or, for very brief periods, anaerobic, and multiply by simple cell division. Bacteria exist essentially everywhere and perform a variety of functions; not always useful to people. While decomposing organic matter in wat ...
... Bacteria. Microscopic one-celled organisms that have no chlorophyll, are aerobic or, for very brief periods, anaerobic, and multiply by simple cell division. Bacteria exist essentially everywhere and perform a variety of functions; not always useful to people. While decomposing organic matter in wat ...
Layers of the Earth (Density`s affect on Earth)
... Carbon dioxide, water vapor, and other trace gases. ...
... Carbon dioxide, water vapor, and other trace gases. ...
ANSWER KEY Extra Credit Study Questions for Sewage Treatment
... Removal of solids by allowing them to settle out of suspension by gravity. 2) What is meant by ‘secondary treatment’? Removal of dissolved and suspended solids by using aeration to encourage microbial consumption of organic matter. 3) While the KSTD facility does not use it, what is meant by ‘tertia ...
... Removal of solids by allowing them to settle out of suspension by gravity. 2) What is meant by ‘secondary treatment’? Removal of dissolved and suspended solids by using aeration to encourage microbial consumption of organic matter. 3) While the KSTD facility does not use it, what is meant by ‘tertia ...
1 Limno.09.13.N Nitrogen A. Introduction After phosphorus
... mixed eutrophic wetlands, the interface might be close to the surface. 4. Relationship to other environmental conditions. Nitrification can consume a significant amount of oxygen (e.g. Table 18-1) and can lead to an “oxygen sag” in streams receiving wastewater with high ammonia concentration. In add ...
... mixed eutrophic wetlands, the interface might be close to the surface. 4. Relationship to other environmental conditions. Nitrification can consume a significant amount of oxygen (e.g. Table 18-1) and can lead to an “oxygen sag” in streams receiving wastewater with high ammonia concentration. In add ...
Biochemical oxygen demand
Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) is the amount of dissolved oxygen needed by aerobic biological organisms in a body of water to break down organic material present in a given water sample at certain temperature over a specific time period. The term also refers to a chemical procedure for determining this amount. This is not a precise quantitative test, although it is widely used as an indication of the organic quality of water. The BOD value is most commonly expressed in milligrams of oxygen consumed per litre of sample during 5 days of incubation at 20 °C and is often used as a robust surrogate of the degree of organic pollution of water.BOD can be used as a gauge of the effectiveness of wastewater treatment plants. It is listed as a conventional pollutant in the U.S. Clean Water Act.BOD is similar in function to chemical oxygen demand (COD), in that both measure the amount of organic compounds in water. However, COD is less specific, since it measures everything that can be chemically oxidized, rather than just levels of biologically active organic matter.