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special relativity via electro-magnetic clocks
special relativity via electro-magnetic clocks

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... A linear operator T is algebraic if there is a polynomial p such that p(T) = 0. In chapter 4 we note that D is not an algebraic operator on C n [0,1] . But we show that for any polynomial p the solution space V of p(D) = 0 is a finite dimensional subspace of C n [0,1] . p is the minimal polynomial o ...
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relative - Purdue Physics

... • Concerned with objects and observers moving at a constant velocity • Topic of this chapter • General relativity • Applies to situations when the object or the observer is accelerated • Gravitational fields also are a form of acceleration (take g, for example) • GR is the world’s best classical the ...
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Four-vector

In the theory of relativity, a four-vector or 4-vector is a vector in Minkowski space, a four-dimensional real vector space. It differs from a Euclidean vector in how its magnitude is determined. The transformations that preserve this magnitude are the Lorentz transformations, which include spatial rotations, boosts (a change by a constant velocity to another inertial reference frame), and temporal and spatial inversions. Regarded as a homogeneous space, the transformation group of Minkowski space is the Poincaré group, which adds to the Lorentz group the group of translations. The Lorentz group may be represented by 4×4 matrices.The article considers four-vectors in the context of special relativity. Although the concept of four-vectors also extends to general relativity, some of the results stated in this article require modification in general relativity.
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