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View PDF - CiteSeerX
View PDF - CiteSeerX

... participles undergo Heavy Merger. On the other hand, compound tense formation can be derived as Light merger. The type of participial form (with or without object agreement) is understood to be a determinant factor for classifying the type of Complex Predicate these auxiliaries are involved in. This ...
Sentence variety exercise 4
Sentence variety exercise 4

... 2. Write a sentence that contains a restrictive present participial phrase that should not be set off with commas. 3. Use the word “dancing” in a sentence, and write a non-restrictive participial phrase. 4. Change the word “fight” into a present participle, add other words to make it a participial p ...
Present Participial Phrases
Present Participial Phrases

... 2. Write a sentence that contains a restrictive present participial phrase that should not be set off with commas. 3. Use the word “dancing” in a sentence, and write a non-restrictive participial phrase. 4. Change the word “fight” into a present participle, add other words to make it a participial p ...
resultative predicative adjunct constructions in the gothic bible
resultative predicative adjunct constructions in the gothic bible

... It is a well-known fact that Germanic languages have developed two forms of the participial perfect. One employs the auxiliary BE type verb, while the other uses the HAVE verb, as, for instance, in Icelandic Ég hef sagt ‘I have said’ and Ég er kominn ‘I have come’. This situation is found in all Old ...
LESSON PLAN Date: Class and Grade Level: Title/Subject of
LESSON PLAN Date: Class and Grade Level: Title/Subject of

... Ask them what they recognize about the italicized phrases. Do they notice any patterns? Do they add imagery? In what way? How would the sentence be different if it did not include the participial phrase? These phrases are participial phrases. Participial phrases are phrases that usually start with t ...
English non-finite participial clauses as seen through their Czech
English non-finite participial clauses as seen through their Czech

... Contrasting English and Czech, the first type (i) can be exemplified by have influence – působit (‘to-influence’), feel the need - potřebovat (‘to-need’); the third (iii) by She gave the chair a gentle turn. - Po-otočila křeslo. (‘gently-turned-she the chair’). The second (ii) type of verbonominal w ...
The origin and originality of passivization in Papiamentu
The origin and originality of passivization in Papiamentu

... corresponding past participles (e.g. ‘eaten’; ‘known’), suggesting that at that time all longer verbs were stressed like disyllabic verbs. Similarly, the Spanish-based orthography used by Sintiago (1898) made him place an orthographic accent on final syllables of clear (past) partici ...
Domains within Words and their meanings: a case study
Domains within Words and their meanings: a case study

... However, as will be shown in this section, a closer investigation of the morphology of –tos forms in connection to their syntax and semantics reveals that this simple picture needs to be revised. It turns out that the architecture of –tos verbal adjectives is considerably more complex than described ...
The Origin of the Latin Gerund and Gerundive
The Origin of the Latin Gerund and Gerundive

... horses’ = ‘time to ask for horses’. The last example can also be rendered with the gerund: tempus equ^s poscend%. The only certain connection of these forms is with the Sabellic gerundive, a formation attested in both Oscan (e.g., s a k r a n n a s (Lat. sacrandae) ‘to be consecrated’, ú p s a n n a ...
Document
Document

... d. Participle 2. (Objective1/3) Which are of the following shows the verbal which is used as an adjective in a sentence? a. Participle b. Adjective c. Conditionals d. Infinitives 3. (Objective 2/1) “Clauses in which the first verb in the verb phrase is participle and acts as a unit and modifier” is ...
sentence-composing tools: phrase review
sentence-composing tools: phrase review

... Write out your revision like a paragraph, not a list of sentences. Present your revised paragraph to your class to see the various effective ways you and your classmates revised the same plain paragraph to make it memorable. Tips for Better Revising: Always, when you revise something you’ve written, ...
ARTICLES BASQUE RESULTATIVES AND RELATED ISSUES
ARTICLES BASQUE RESULTATIVES AND RELATED ISSUES

... enough here to content oneself with this vague but self-explanatory term and conventionally translate its forms into an English simple past. It seems wise to avoid using for this tense the name “perfect”, which some authors use, and so to avoid confusion with MASLOV’S Janus-faced perfect (1984), bot ...
articles basque resultatives and related issues
articles basque resultatives and related issues

... enough here to content oneself with this vague but self-explanatory term and conventionally translate its forms into an English simple past. It seems wise to avoid using for this tense the name “perfect”, which some authors use, and so to avoid confusion with MASLOV’S Janus-faced perfect (1984), bot ...
The Writing Center
The Writing Center

... Activities (approximately 1 hour): Read the information, then follow the steps below and be prepared to discuss your answers when you meet with a tutor. Check off each box once you have completed the activity. ...
FORMATIVE B
FORMATIVE B

... a.Although I don't like to owe people money, I decline his offer of a loan. b.Although I don't like to owe people money, I accepted his offer of a loan. c.Although his offers of a loan, I don't take money. d.I didn't take the money since I don't like to owe people money. 28. (objective 14/4) “While ...
Tackling Syntax--2014 Summer Academy
Tackling Syntax--2014 Summer Academy

... allows the reader to recognize them when she see them. Knowing about transformations allows the writer to build more mature and effective sentences. ...
CHAPTER 4 The Non-finite verbal participles of Bangla
CHAPTER 4 The Non-finite verbal participles of Bangla

... chair break-perf. fall-fut.2p.nh.ord 'you will fall down having the chair broken.1 In this regard, I want to recapitulate the work done by Klaiman (1981) on volitionality and perfective clause. Klaiman (1981): - In an extensive study done on volitionality of verbs as a parameter interacting with som ...
active_passive
active_passive

... 1. The bandits robbed the bank. 2. The soldiers will dig the foxhole. 3. The first sergeant completed the guard rosters. 4. You must reorganize your desk. OR Reorganize your desk. 5. The C Battery officers are evaluating the field exercises. Drop part of the verb. 1. The headquarters is in the valle ...
Reviewing Basic Sentence Patterns
Reviewing Basic Sentence Patterns

... When a participial phrase ends a sentence, look for the word it modifies. If it modifies the subject at the other end of the sentence, set it off with a comma. a. We found Mr. Ling hoeing his garden. b. Mr. ling was in the back year hoeing his ...
Building Statives
Building Statives

... According to (14), the stativity of target state participles is the result of existentially quantifying the Davidsonian argument of a category-neutral predicate that has an additional target state argument. Lieber 1980 has argued that what makes adjectival participles adjectival in English and Germa ...
Building Statives - Semantics Archive
Building Statives - Semantics Archive

... According to (14), the stativity of target state participles is the result of existentially quantifying the Davidsonian argument of a category-neutral predicate that has an additional target state argument. Lieber 1980 has argued that what makes adjectival participles adjectival in English and Germa ...
Grammar Context
Grammar Context

... Mouse, added sound and music to his movies, and produced the first full-length animated film, Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs. Many people think he was a great cartoonist, but he wasn’t. Instead, he was a great ...
Document
Document

... Priscilla the Piglet 1. Strolling around the neighborhood pleased Priscilla, a three-month-old piglet. 2. Her owner, Victoria Herberta, would walk the slightly spoiled piglet on a purple leash. 3. Victoria taught Priscilla to swim with the family dogs. 4. One day a friend, Carol, took Priscilla to t ...
The rise of the periphrastic perfect tense in the continental West
The rise of the periphrastic perfect tense in the continental West

... discontinuous suffixes ge-…-en and ge- …t/d in the prototypical case. I will not be concerned with the preverbal part ge- in what follows because it was introduced as a prefix at a later diachronic stage in order to emphasize the perfect meaning of the participle; see Van Dijk (1996) and Van der Hor ...
Gerunds - gpssummerenglish
Gerunds - gpssummerenglish

... A. Infinitives/Infinitive Phrases look like verbs/verb phrases but can be used as nouns, adjectives and adverbs. Remember, an infinitive or infinitive phrase is always the word to plus a verb Ex. To run to the store is tiresome in the hot June sun. This example shows an infinitive used as a noun, su ...
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Participle

A participle is a form of a verb that is used in a sentence to modify a noun, noun phrase, verb, or verb phrase, and thus plays a role similar to that of an adjective or adverb. It is one of the types of nonfinite verb forms. Its name comes from the Latin participium, a calque of Greek metochḗ ""partaking"" or ""sharing""; it is so named because the Ancient Greek and Latin participles ""share"" some of the categories of the adjective or noun (gender, number, case) and some of those of the verb (tense and voice).Participles may correspond to the active voice (active participles), where the modified noun represents the agent of the action denoted by the verb—or to the passive voice (passive participles), where the modified noun represents the patient (undergoer) of that action. Participles in particular languages are also often associated with certain verbal aspects or tenses. The two types of participle in English are traditionally called the present participle (forms such as writing, singing and raising; these same forms also serve as gerunds and verbal nouns) and the past participle (forms such as written, sung and raised; regular participles such as the last, as well as some irregular ones, have the same form as the finite past tense).In some languages, participles can be used in the periphrastic formation of compound verb tenses, aspects, or voices. For example, one of the uses of the English present participle is to express continuous aspect (as in John is working), while the past participle can be used in expressions of perfect aspect and passive voice (as in Anne has written and Bill was killed).A verb phrase based on a participle and having the function of a participle is called a participle phrase or participial phrase (participial is the adjective derived from participle). For example, looking hard at the sign and beaten by his father are participial phrases based respectively on an English present participle and past participle. Participial phrases generally do not require an expressed grammatical subject; therefore such a verb phrase also constitutes a complete clause (one of the types of nonfinite clause). As such, it may be called a participle clause or participial clause. (Occasionally a participial clause does include a subject, as in the English nominative absolute construction The king having died, ... .)
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