Fig. 1 - Repositorio Académico
... Dtg was controlled by Dpp and characterized a 524-bp enhancer that mediated expression in the dorsal midline, as well as, in the differentiated amnioserosa in transgenic reporter embryos. This enhancer contained a highly conserved region of 48-bp in which bioinformatic predictions and in vitro assay ...
... Dtg was controlled by Dpp and characterized a 524-bp enhancer that mediated expression in the dorsal midline, as well as, in the differentiated amnioserosa in transgenic reporter embryos. This enhancer contained a highly conserved region of 48-bp in which bioinformatic predictions and in vitro assay ...
The gene schmalspur functions in mesoderm formation in zebrafish
... organizer, mesoderm induction and specification of the left-right axis (Feldman et al., 1998; Gritsman et al., 2000; Schrier and Shen, 2000). In zebrafish, two nodal-related genes have been identified: squint (sqt) and cyclops (cyc). Homozygous mutants for either cyc or sqt show only partial loss of ...
... organizer, mesoderm induction and specification of the left-right axis (Feldman et al., 1998; Gritsman et al., 2000; Schrier and Shen, 2000). In zebrafish, two nodal-related genes have been identified: squint (sqt) and cyclops (cyc). Homozygous mutants for either cyc or sqt show only partial loss of ...
Lectures prepared by Christine L. Case Chapter 8 Microbial Genetics
... The Ames test (安氏試驗) is a relatively inexpensive and rapid test for identifying possible chemical carcinogens. The test assumes that a mutant cell can revert to a normal cell in the presence of mutagen, and that many mutagens are ...
... The Ames test (安氏試驗) is a relatively inexpensive and rapid test for identifying possible chemical carcinogens. The test assumes that a mutant cell can revert to a normal cell in the presence of mutagen, and that many mutagens are ...
Modular proteins I
... Protein domains Folded structures of proteins that are larger than 200-300 residues generally consist of multiple structural domains: Compact, stable units with a unique three-dimensional structure Interactions within a domain are more significant than those between domains Fold independently i.e. ...
... Protein domains Folded structures of proteins that are larger than 200-300 residues generally consist of multiple structural domains: Compact, stable units with a unique three-dimensional structure Interactions within a domain are more significant than those between domains Fold independently i.e. ...
Introduction - bei DuEPublico
... 1) growth signal autonomy 2) evasion of apoptosis 3) insensitivity to antigrowth signals 4) sustained angiogenesis 5) limitless replicative potential and 6) capacity to invade tissue and grow at metastatic sites The number of mutations required to gain these abilities varies. For example, in some ce ...
... 1) growth signal autonomy 2) evasion of apoptosis 3) insensitivity to antigrowth signals 4) sustained angiogenesis 5) limitless replicative potential and 6) capacity to invade tissue and grow at metastatic sites The number of mutations required to gain these abilities varies. For example, in some ce ...
The murine homologue of HIRA, a DiGeorge
... breakpoint (21). However, no cDNAs were isolated and expression studies were only informative under low stringency conditions. This prompted Sutherland et al. (22) to screen for adjacent coding sequences in the region. They identified a series of alternatively spliced transcripts from the DGCR5 gene ...
... breakpoint (21). However, no cDNAs were isolated and expression studies were only informative under low stringency conditions. This prompted Sutherland et al. (22) to screen for adjacent coding sequences in the region. They identified a series of alternatively spliced transcripts from the DGCR5 gene ...
chapter 3 transmission genetics – chromosomes, recombination and
... Franklin tested this hypothesis by determining the number of offspring expected in each class and calculating the χ 2 goodness-of-fit statistic. The χ 2 = 1.82 (df = 3) is much less than the critical value at the 5% probability level (χ 2 = 7.815) (Table A5, Snedecor and Cochran, 1967), supporting M ...
... Franklin tested this hypothesis by determining the number of offspring expected in each class and calculating the χ 2 goodness-of-fit statistic. The χ 2 = 1.82 (df = 3) is much less than the critical value at the 5% probability level (χ 2 = 7.815) (Table A5, Snedecor and Cochran, 1967), supporting M ...
Analysis of Drosophila Species Genome Size and Satellite DNA
... The size of eukaryotic genomes can vary by several orders of magnitude, yet genome size does not correlate with the number of genes nor with the size or complexity of the organism. Although ‘‘whole’’-genome sequences, such as those now available for 12 Drosophila species, provide information about e ...
... The size of eukaryotic genomes can vary by several orders of magnitude, yet genome size does not correlate with the number of genes nor with the size or complexity of the organism. Although ‘‘whole’’-genome sequences, such as those now available for 12 Drosophila species, provide information about e ...
Epigenetic Mechanisms of Gene Regulation
... Five genes encoding DNMTs (including potential DNMT-like genes that may not be enzymatically active) have been identified in mammalian cells, D N M T l , 2, 3A, 3B, and 3L. ' '^^ Each gene is designated by the numbers 1, 2, 3, in the order in which they were identified. For the members of DNMT3 fami ...
... Five genes encoding DNMTs (including potential DNMT-like genes that may not be enzymatically active) have been identified in mammalian cells, D N M T l , 2, 3A, 3B, and 3L. ' '^^ Each gene is designated by the numbers 1, 2, 3, in the order in which they were identified. For the members of DNMT3 fami ...
On testing the significance of sets of genes
... one gene-set. To quantify this, we “row randomized” the 1000 genes, leaving the sample labels as is. The first 20 genes in the scrambled set became the first gene-set, the second 20 genes became the second gene-set, etc. We did this many 200 times, recomputing the maxmean statistic on each scrambled ...
... one gene-set. To quantify this, we “row randomized” the 1000 genes, leaving the sample labels as is. The first 20 genes in the scrambled set became the first gene-set, the second 20 genes became the second gene-set, etc. We did this many 200 times, recomputing the maxmean statistic on each scrambled ...
The Relationship Between DNA Replication and the
... was determined at tzo. The bacteria began to escape from the effect of HPUra at about 30 min after resuspension (Fig. 1). In 16 experiments the mean value for the time of onset of escape was 35 min, with a standard deviation of 4 min. Genefrequency analysis of D N A extracted from sporulating cultur ...
... was determined at tzo. The bacteria began to escape from the effect of HPUra at about 30 min after resuspension (Fig. 1). In 16 experiments the mean value for the time of onset of escape was 35 min, with a standard deviation of 4 min. Genefrequency analysis of D N A extracted from sporulating cultur ...
The Genome of a Mongolian Individual Reveals
... plus the low quality ones, were filtered out. Read pairs from the libraries with short insert size (<1 kb) were then assembled into distinct contigs based on the K-mer overlap information. Next, read pairs derived from long insert-size libraries (>1 kb) were aligned to the contig sequences, and the ...
... plus the low quality ones, were filtered out. Read pairs from the libraries with short insert size (<1 kb) were then assembled into distinct contigs based on the K-mer overlap information. Next, read pairs derived from long insert-size libraries (>1 kb) were aligned to the contig sequences, and the ...
Martina Šeruga Musić, Mladen Krajačić, Dijana Škorić
... For direct amplification of phytoplasma gene or pseudogene regions, three different primer pairs were used: 16R738f/16R1232r (GIBB et al., 1995), to amplify a part of 16S rRNA gene; fTufu/rTufu (SCHNEIDER et al., 1997), to amplify a part of tuf gene; and G35p/m (DAVIS et al., 1992), to amplify dnaB ...
... For direct amplification of phytoplasma gene or pseudogene regions, three different primer pairs were used: 16R738f/16R1232r (GIBB et al., 1995), to amplify a part of 16S rRNA gene; fTufu/rTufu (SCHNEIDER et al., 1997), to amplify a part of tuf gene; and G35p/m (DAVIS et al., 1992), to amplify dnaB ...
Genes for Two Mitochondrial Ribosomal Proteins in
... was inferred to have been lost from the mitochondrial genome 30 times among the surveyed angiosperm DNAs (Adams et al., 2002). Most of the losses (24) are in the rosids (one of the major groups of eudicots). These losses encompass 32 of the 69 examined genera of core rosids, including Gossypium, Gly ...
... was inferred to have been lost from the mitochondrial genome 30 times among the surveyed angiosperm DNAs (Adams et al., 2002). Most of the losses (24) are in the rosids (one of the major groups of eudicots). These losses encompass 32 of the 69 examined genera of core rosids, including Gossypium, Gly ...
FEATUREARTICLES From Brussels Sprouts to Butter
... are more likely to have this general tastYet as more research was performed, ing phenotype, but many other factors it became clear that there were actually influence it as well [6]. three distinct phenotypes for the TAS2R Who exactly are these generic “supergene. Tasters, it turned out, could be tas ...
... are more likely to have this general tastYet as more research was performed, ing phenotype, but many other factors it became clear that there were actually influence it as well [6]. three distinct phenotypes for the TAS2R Who exactly are these generic “supergene. Tasters, it turned out, could be tas ...
The Integrated Phenotype
... Phenotypic integration and modularity A module is a term applied broadly to describe an aspect of an organism’s phenotype when there are tight associations among traits within the complex character, but the links with other character complexes are not as strong (see also Wagner 1996; Schlichting and ...
... Phenotypic integration and modularity A module is a term applied broadly to describe an aspect of an organism’s phenotype when there are tight associations among traits within the complex character, but the links with other character complexes are not as strong (see also Wagner 1996; Schlichting and ...
Low Levels of Nucleotide Diversity at Homoeologous Adh Loci in
... Levels and patterns of genetic diversity vary greatly within and among populations and species. This variation reflects the interplay of myriad historical factors and evolutionary forces, involving external forces such as natural selection, population size and history, gene flow, and breeding system ...
... Levels and patterns of genetic diversity vary greatly within and among populations and species. This variation reflects the interplay of myriad historical factors and evolutionary forces, involving external forces such as natural selection, population size and history, gene flow, and breeding system ...
Archives of Microbiology
... observed cannot be due to complementation of a mutation in laf1 structural gene, in contrast to former conclusion (Pereg-Gerk et al. 1998). Isolation of Tn5 insertions in pAB7115 allowed to roughly map the DNA region required for genetic complementation of the motility defect in Sp7S (Carreño-López ...
... observed cannot be due to complementation of a mutation in laf1 structural gene, in contrast to former conclusion (Pereg-Gerk et al. 1998). Isolation of Tn5 insertions in pAB7115 allowed to roughly map the DNA region required for genetic complementation of the motility defect in Sp7S (Carreño-López ...
Exam 2 questions
... rate is equal to the mutation rate, and that the evolution of DNA sequences is dominated by genetic drift. The two surprising implications were that neither population size nor natural selection have an effect on the rate of DNA sequence change. The theory was based on amino acid substitutions in a ...
... rate is equal to the mutation rate, and that the evolution of DNA sequences is dominated by genetic drift. The two surprising implications were that neither population size nor natural selection have an effect on the rate of DNA sequence change. The theory was based on amino acid substitutions in a ...
Founder Effects, Inbreeding and Hybrid Zones Lecture Outline
... As names are unlikely to confer a selective advantage, this change in the frequency of names is most easily explained as a random or ...
... As names are unlikely to confer a selective advantage, this change in the frequency of names is most easily explained as a random or ...
chapter 13 meiosis and sexual life cycles
... Gametes fuse to form a zygote, which is the only diploid phase. The zygote undergoes meiosis to produce haploid cells. These haploid cells grow by mitosis to form the haploid multicellular adult organism. The haploid adult produces gametes by mitosis. ...
... Gametes fuse to form a zygote, which is the only diploid phase. The zygote undergoes meiosis to produce haploid cells. These haploid cells grow by mitosis to form the haploid multicellular adult organism. The haploid adult produces gametes by mitosis. ...
“Have Transgenes, Will Travel”
... passing along their combined DNA to the offspring. That said, gene flow that involves genetically manipulated organisms raises a new set of issues for scientists and policymakers to consider. ECOLOGICAL ISSUES. Investigators interested in fleshing out the particular risks posed by gene flow from GM ...
... passing along their combined DNA to the offspring. That said, gene flow that involves genetically manipulated organisms raises a new set of issues for scientists and policymakers to consider. ECOLOGICAL ISSUES. Investigators interested in fleshing out the particular risks posed by gene flow from GM ...
The genetics of deafness - Archives of Disease in Childhood
... better to understand the pathogenesis of these two forms of genetic deafness in the foreseeable future. Syndromes such as these, which have a clear clinical definition, will continue to be 'mapped' using the linkage approach. This method will not prove so useful in non-syndromic deafness, however, w ...
... better to understand the pathogenesis of these two forms of genetic deafness in the foreseeable future. Syndromes such as these, which have a clear clinical definition, will continue to be 'mapped' using the linkage approach. This method will not prove so useful in non-syndromic deafness, however, w ...
Genes involved in ovulation rate and litter size in sheep
... fertility traits in sheep and are of high economic value (Notter, 2008). Traits associated with fertility usually have low heritability and breeding improvements made on phenotypic selection based on observable data are often limited. Ovulation rate and litter size are also only expressed in one sex ...
... fertility traits in sheep and are of high economic value (Notter, 2008). Traits associated with fertility usually have low heritability and breeding improvements made on phenotypic selection based on observable data are often limited. Ovulation rate and litter size are also only expressed in one sex ...
Site-specific recombinase technology
Nearly every human gene has a counterpart in the mouse (regardless of the fact that a minor set of orthologues had to follow species specific selection routes). This made the mouse the major model for elucidating the ways in which our genetic material encodes information. In the late 1980s gene targeting in murine embryonic stem (ES-)cells enabled the transmission of mutations into the mouse germ line and emerged as a novel option to study the genetic basis of regulatory networks as they exist in the genome. Still, classical gene targeting proved to be limited in several ways as gene functions became irreversibly destroyed by the marker gene that had to be introduced for selecting recombinant ES cells. These early steps led to animals in which the mutation was present in all cells of the body from the beginning leading to complex phenotypes and/or early lethality. There was a clear need for methods to restrict these mutations to specific points in development and specific cell types. This dream became reality when groups in the USA were able to introduce bacteriophage and yeast-derived site-specific recombination (SSR-) systems into mammalian cells as well as into the mouse