Salman Razzaque - The Gene Patent Problem: Recommendations for Congress
... Such a precedent will not cause companies to sue academic institutions, but may increase demands from patent holders for license fees, which will only burden researchers. Another problem of patents in academic research is that it hinders the basic characteristics of research. Namely, scientific obj ...
... Such a precedent will not cause companies to sue academic institutions, but may increase demands from patent holders for license fees, which will only burden researchers. Another problem of patents in academic research is that it hinders the basic characteristics of research. Namely, scientific obj ...
Function and evolution of sex determination mechanisms, genes
... Mus musculus [1–4]. These studies have not resolved the question of why the regulatory principles of sex determination are so bewilderingly different and how this diversity is generated molecularly. Sex determination mechanisms can vary substantially between phylogenetically closely-related species ...
... Mus musculus [1–4]. These studies have not resolved the question of why the regulatory principles of sex determination are so bewilderingly different and how this diversity is generated molecularly. Sex determination mechanisms can vary substantially between phylogenetically closely-related species ...
BROWSING GENES AND GENOMES WITH ENSEMBL
... (c) Have a look at the external references for ENST00000218099. What is the function of F9? (d) Is it possible to monitor expression of ENST00000218099 with the ILLUMINA HumanWG_6_V2 microarray? If so, can it also be used to monitor expression of the other two transcripts? (e) In which part (i.e. th ...
... (c) Have a look at the external references for ENST00000218099. What is the function of F9? (d) Is it possible to monitor expression of ENST00000218099 with the ILLUMINA HumanWG_6_V2 microarray? If so, can it also be used to monitor expression of the other two transcripts? (e) In which part (i.e. th ...
Identification of novel micro RNAs and their targets in Cocos
... Vivek and Faisal Moossa cine zipper protein) has homeodomain (HD) and linear zipper motif present. This class of transcription factors is unique to plants and are involved in plant growth and development especially in response to abscisic acid, abiotic stress, shade avoidance and auxin signaling (A ...
... Vivek and Faisal Moossa cine zipper protein) has homeodomain (HD) and linear zipper motif present. This class of transcription factors is unique to plants and are involved in plant growth and development especially in response to abscisic acid, abiotic stress, shade avoidance and auxin signaling (A ...
Interaction of a GATA factor with cis-acting elements involved in light
... BL21(DE3). Selection of colonies that expressed optimal levels of fusion proteins and the determination of the optimal induction time were performed according to the procedures provided by the manufacturer. The induced His-GATA-20 fusion protein and the His-tag encoded by the pET32a could be detecte ...
... BL21(DE3). Selection of colonies that expressed optimal levels of fusion proteins and the determination of the optimal induction time were performed according to the procedures provided by the manufacturer. The induced His-GATA-20 fusion protein and the His-tag encoded by the pET32a could be detecte ...
Targeted gene expression as a means of altering cell fates and
... sequences: 5′-AGCTTGGTTAACGCGGCCGC-3′ and 3′ACCAATTGCGCCGGCGTCGA-5′, was then subcloned into the HindIII site of p41-4-H3-1. In the resultant plasmid, p41-4Hpa, the HindIII site is maintained and a unique HpaI site is introduced. To reconstitute the 5′ end of the P-element and the P-transposase prom ...
... sequences: 5′-AGCTTGGTTAACGCGGCCGC-3′ and 3′ACCAATTGCGCCGGCGTCGA-5′, was then subcloned into the HindIII site of p41-4-H3-1. In the resultant plasmid, p41-4Hpa, the HindIII site is maintained and a unique HpaI site is introduced. To reconstitute the 5′ end of the P-element and the P-transposase prom ...
Core promoter
... Metazoan genes are controlled by multiple enhancers, silencers and promoters. A typical enhancer is ≈ 500 bp and contains ≈ ten binding sites for at least three different TFs, most often two different activators and one repressor. ...
... Metazoan genes are controlled by multiple enhancers, silencers and promoters. A typical enhancer is ≈ 500 bp and contains ≈ ten binding sites for at least three different TFs, most often two different activators and one repressor. ...
Unit 3
... 1. Explain why organisms only reproduce their own kind, and why offspring more closely resemble their parents than unrelated individuals of the same species. Organisms are asexual, which means they can reproduce without the help of another organism. Therefore, when they reproduce their offspring wou ...
... 1. Explain why organisms only reproduce their own kind, and why offspring more closely resemble their parents than unrelated individuals of the same species. Organisms are asexual, which means they can reproduce without the help of another organism. Therefore, when they reproduce their offspring wou ...
Chromosome Theory
... XXY - Klinefelter’s Syndrome - Phenotypically male Of the non-sex chromosome aneuploidys, Down’s Syndrome, extra chromosome 21, tends to be the most viable Down’s Syndrome is more common in children of mothers who gave birth after age 40 ©1999 Timothy G. Standish ...
... XXY - Klinefelter’s Syndrome - Phenotypically male Of the non-sex chromosome aneuploidys, Down’s Syndrome, extra chromosome 21, tends to be the most viable Down’s Syndrome is more common in children of mothers who gave birth after age 40 ©1999 Timothy G. Standish ...
Transgenic Tobacco Plants with Bacillus thuringiensis 8
... which leads to osmotic imbalance and cell lysis (Hofmann et ai., 1988; Slatin et ai., 1990; English et al., 1991; English and Slatin, 1992). Among insecticidal protein genes, lepidopteran specific genes, cryJA class, are mostly well characterized (Adang et al., 1985; Thorne et al., 1986; Schnepf et ...
... which leads to osmotic imbalance and cell lysis (Hofmann et ai., 1988; Slatin et ai., 1990; English et al., 1991; English and Slatin, 1992). Among insecticidal protein genes, lepidopteran specific genes, cryJA class, are mostly well characterized (Adang et al., 1985; Thorne et al., 1986; Schnepf et ...
Chromosome Inversions - Birmingham Women`s Hospital
... diagram, below). It is repaired but with the broken fragment having been ‘flipped round’, or inverted. ...
... diagram, below). It is repaired but with the broken fragment having been ‘flipped round’, or inverted. ...
Functional Divergence of the Nuclear Receptor NR2C1
... combination of branch-site codon models (developed to detect episodes of positive selection) and clade-site models (developed to detect any change in the distribution of selection pressures) to improve our capacity to detect functional divergence within NRs. Combining these models can uncover functi ...
... combination of branch-site codon models (developed to detect episodes of positive selection) and clade-site models (developed to detect any change in the distribution of selection pressures) to improve our capacity to detect functional divergence within NRs. Combining these models can uncover functi ...
Analysis of flower pigmentation mutants generated by random
... with bright purple revertant spots and sectors (Figure 1j). By TLC analysis we could not detect significant changes in the anthocyanin and flavonol accumulation pattern. Closer examination with a dissection microscope showed that all cells in a Shp1 revertant sector were of the same bright purple co ...
... with bright purple revertant spots and sectors (Figure 1j). By TLC analysis we could not detect significant changes in the anthocyanin and flavonol accumulation pattern. Closer examination with a dissection microscope showed that all cells in a Shp1 revertant sector were of the same bright purple co ...
Signal transduction pathways under abiotic stresses in plants
... could act as second messengers. These molecules have been found to be able to induce Ca+2 release in plant cells62. One of these second messengers has been reported to be inositol triphosphate (IP3). During stress, phosphoinositidespecific phospholipase C (PI-PLC) hydrolyses phosphatidyl-inositol 4, ...
... could act as second messengers. These molecules have been found to be able to induce Ca+2 release in plant cells62. One of these second messengers has been reported to be inositol triphosphate (IP3). During stress, phosphoinositidespecific phospholipase C (PI-PLC) hydrolyses phosphatidyl-inositol 4, ...
Analysing thousands of bacterial genomes: gene annotation
... Escherichia_coli_K_12_substr__MG1655_uid57779), we use bbh (Bi-directional Best Hit) approach. BBH detect all bi-directional best hits (from genome-blast result) between each protein of the query genome and each genome of the reference taxon. The result is a table with one row per bbh, with differen ...
... Escherichia_coli_K_12_substr__MG1655_uid57779), we use bbh (Bi-directional Best Hit) approach. BBH detect all bi-directional best hits (from genome-blast result) between each protein of the query genome and each genome of the reference taxon. The result is a table with one row per bbh, with differen ...
docx - Association for Biology Laboratory Education
... C. McClintock Note: The names of the categories do not imply anything about the genetics in each category. ...
... C. McClintock Note: The names of the categories do not imply anything about the genetics in each category. ...
Inactivation of Antibiotics and the Dissemination of
... microbial infections, the bacterial geneticists of the day suggested that the development of antibiotic resistance during therapy was unlikely because the frequency of mutation to resistance in bacteria was too low. More to the point, it was unsuspected that in nature bacteria might collect and exch ...
... microbial infections, the bacterial geneticists of the day suggested that the development of antibiotic resistance during therapy was unlikely because the frequency of mutation to resistance in bacteria was too low. More to the point, it was unsuspected that in nature bacteria might collect and exch ...
LP - Columbia University
... 2. Type 2 -- One Crossover. If there is one crossover event in a meiosis you get the 1/2 parental, 1/2 recombinant products. See (2) on handout 22B or 23A or Becker 20-15 (20-16) case (c),or 20-16 (20-17). There is a third possibility shown (3) on handout 23A, but not on handout 22B: 3. Type 3 -- Mu ...
... 2. Type 2 -- One Crossover. If there is one crossover event in a meiosis you get the 1/2 parental, 1/2 recombinant products. See (2) on handout 22B or 23A or Becker 20-15 (20-16) case (c),or 20-16 (20-17). There is a third possibility shown (3) on handout 23A, but not on handout 22B: 3. Type 3 -- Mu ...
Predisposition of genetic disease by modestly decreased
... (www.bh4.org/BH4_Start.asp). However, two recessive mutations from this study are not reported. In a case of typical DRD patient with homozygous R249S mutation (Hwu et al., 1999), the recom binant protein had the same Km value, but the expression level of the mutant R249S GCH1 in Hela and BHK cells ...
... (www.bh4.org/BH4_Start.asp). However, two recessive mutations from this study are not reported. In a case of typical DRD patient with homozygous R249S mutation (Hwu et al., 1999), the recom binant protein had the same Km value, but the expression level of the mutant R249S GCH1 in Hela and BHK cells ...
Genetic background of systemic sclerosis: autoimmune genes take
... susceptibility and clinical expression or progression [13]. Complex genetic diseases are influenced by the interplay of multiple genes and/or the environment; susceptibility genes act in concert to increase an individual’s risk of disease. Thus, in contrast to the situation in monogenic traits, most ...
... susceptibility and clinical expression or progression [13]. Complex genetic diseases are influenced by the interplay of multiple genes and/or the environment; susceptibility genes act in concert to increase an individual’s risk of disease. Thus, in contrast to the situation in monogenic traits, most ...
Constituent Grammatical Evolution
... upon principles that allow an abstract representation of a program to be evolved. This abstraction enables the following: the separation of the search and solution spaces; the evolution of programs in an arbitrary language; the existence of degenerate genetic code; and the wrapping that allows the r ...
... upon principles that allow an abstract representation of a program to be evolved. This abstraction enables the following: the separation of the search and solution spaces; the evolution of programs in an arbitrary language; the existence of degenerate genetic code; and the wrapping that allows the r ...
Genetics Unit-- Make a Face Lab
... Red Hair: Red hair is another gene for hair color present on a different chromosome.It blends its effect with other hair colors. Redness of the hair seems to be caused by a single gene pair with two alleles, red (G) or no red (g), and displays incomplete dominance. Thus, if a person has two genes f ...
... Red Hair: Red hair is another gene for hair color present on a different chromosome.It blends its effect with other hair colors. Redness of the hair seems to be caused by a single gene pair with two alleles, red (G) or no red (g), and displays incomplete dominance. Thus, if a person has two genes f ...
Type XVII collagen gene mutations in junctional epidermolysis
... biological consequences of mutations in the COL17A1 gene has shown that most patients lack type XVII collagen mRNA due to nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. Patients with these mutations can therefore be a target for corrective gene therapy using vectors coding for full-length type XVII collagen. Proof o ...
... biological consequences of mutations in the COL17A1 gene has shown that most patients lack type XVII collagen mRNA due to nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. Patients with these mutations can therefore be a target for corrective gene therapy using vectors coding for full-length type XVII collagen. Proof o ...
The DNA sequence and biology of human chromosome 19
... Table S5: Interspersed repetitive elements. Repeats were identified with both the RepeatMasker and Tandem Repeats Finder programs. There is a substantial overlap in the results between the two programs. In some cases the total length occupied for a class is lower than the sum of the individual famil ...
... Table S5: Interspersed repetitive elements. Repeats were identified with both the RepeatMasker and Tandem Repeats Finder programs. There is a substantial overlap in the results between the two programs. In some cases the total length occupied for a class is lower than the sum of the individual famil ...
Williams syndrome deficits in visual spatial Chromosome 7q11.23
... in 11 typical WS cases. Further analysis was performed using 1008H17 (containing the genes for FZD9 and FKBP6 genes) in 11 cases. The results indicated that BAC 1008H17 generated intermediate signals in 8 cases. Preliminary analyses on a subset of these were referred to in Kimura et al., 2000.34 The ...
... in 11 typical WS cases. Further analysis was performed using 1008H17 (containing the genes for FZD9 and FKBP6 genes) in 11 cases. The results indicated that BAC 1008H17 generated intermediate signals in 8 cases. Preliminary analyses on a subset of these were referred to in Kimura et al., 2000.34 The ...
Gene expression profiling
In the field of molecular biology, gene expression profiling is the measurement of the activity (the expression) of thousands of genes at once, to create a global picture of cellular function. These profiles can, for example, distinguish between cells that are actively dividing, or show how the cells react to a particular treatment. Many experiments of this sort measure an entire genome simultaneously, that is, every gene present in a particular cell.DNA microarray technology measures the relative activity of previously identified target genes. Sequence based techniques, like serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE, SuperSAGE) are also used for gene expression profiling. SuperSAGE is especially accurate and can measure any active gene, not just a predefined set. The advent of next-generation sequencing has made sequence based expression analysis an increasingly popular, ""digital"" alternative to microarrays called RNA-Seq. However, microarrays are far more common, accounting for 17,000 PubMed articles by 2006.