America`s Living Oceans - The Pew Charitable Trusts
... Americans have always loved the ocean. Half of us live in coastal communities and the other half come to visit. Perhaps, as President John F. Kennedy once suggested, it is “the salt in our veins.” When we stand at the water’s edge, we stare longingly out to sea—for the boat to return, for the tides ...
... Americans have always loved the ocean. Half of us live in coastal communities and the other half come to visit. Perhaps, as President John F. Kennedy once suggested, it is “the salt in our veins.” When we stand at the water’s edge, we stare longingly out to sea—for the boat to return, for the tides ...
DRAFT 23 OCTOBER An Indian Ocean Observing Strategy
... adjacent countries in real-time. Thus, it is not only accepted that cooperation is needed but also that it must be virtually instantaneous, reflecting the speed of the phenomena that the data are used to track and forecast. The Indian Ocean is the third largest ocean in the world, has an average dep ...
... adjacent countries in real-time. Thus, it is not only accepted that cooperation is needed but also that it must be virtually instantaneous, reflecting the speed of the phenomena that the data are used to track and forecast. The Indian Ocean is the third largest ocean in the world, has an average dep ...
Marine Litter Distribution and Density in European Seas, from the
... unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Funding: This research was supported by the European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007‘2013) under the HERMIONE project, Grant agreement (GA) no. 226354. The authors ...
... unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Funding: This research was supported by the European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007‘2013) under the HERMIONE project, Grant agreement (GA) no. 226354. The authors ...
the full article here.
... example, oysters, clams, and crabs improve water qualhuman-generated carbon dioxide. This deep CO2 was ity by removing floating organic particles. Deep-water absorbed several decades ago when the water was last corals off the Washington coast provide habitat, shelter, in contact with the atmosphere; ...
... example, oysters, clams, and crabs improve water qualhuman-generated carbon dioxide. This deep CO2 was ity by removing floating organic particles. Deep-water absorbed several decades ago when the water was last corals off the Washington coast provide habitat, shelter, in contact with the atmosphere; ...
Front Matter - Assets - Cambridge
... The world’s oceans are an essential source of food and other resources, as well as providing an important means of transportation, trade, and recreation. Covering more than two thirds of the Earth’s surface, our oceans are intricately linked to our climate system and require careful management to en ...
... The world’s oceans are an essential source of food and other resources, as well as providing an important means of transportation, trade, and recreation. Covering more than two thirds of the Earth’s surface, our oceans are intricately linked to our climate system and require careful management to en ...
One Ocean Many Worlds of Life
... there is a unique ecosystem that few humans have ever seen—supported by vents through which super-heated water and gases erupt. ...
... there is a unique ecosystem that few humans have ever seen—supported by vents through which super-heated water and gases erupt. ...
All faiths and spiritual teachings treasure in their
... that they can be maintained without care. We worry instead that limits on corporations, businesses, governments, and ourselves based on communal responsibility actually harm us. But the Qur’an teaches: "O children of Adam! ... eat and drink: but waste not by excess, for Allah loves not the wasters." ...
... that they can be maintained without care. We worry instead that limits on corporations, businesses, governments, and ourselves based on communal responsibility actually harm us. But the Qur’an teaches: "O children of Adam! ... eat and drink: but waste not by excess, for Allah loves not the wasters." ...
Plastics in a sustainable society
... However, the convenience of using plastics so liberally by the society has an associated environmental cost. Plastics production demands a small, but still significant fraction of non-renewable fossil fuels. Burning fossil fuel to power the plastics industry results in externalities including carbon ...
... However, the convenience of using plastics so liberally by the society has an associated environmental cost. Plastics production demands a small, but still significant fraction of non-renewable fossil fuels. Burning fossil fuel to power the plastics industry results in externalities including carbon ...
Plastic Waste - European Commission
... is uncertain. This is partly because it is not clear what level of exposure is caused by plastic waste, and partly because the mechanisms by which the chemicals from plastic may have an impact on humans and animals are not fully established. The most likely pathway is through ingestion, after which ...
... is uncertain. This is partly because it is not clear what level of exposure is caused by plastic waste, and partly because the mechanisms by which the chemicals from plastic may have an impact on humans and animals are not fully established. The most likely pathway is through ingestion, after which ...
Perspective on Coastal Governance, a testimony presented at the
... estuaries on out to the seaward boundary of continental shelves and the seaward boundary of coastal current systems. They are relatively large regions of the order of 200,000 km2 or larger, characterized by distinct bathymetry, hydrography, productivity, and trophically dependent populations” (Sherm ...
... estuaries on out to the seaward boundary of continental shelves and the seaward boundary of coastal current systems. They are relatively large regions of the order of 200,000 km2 or larger, characterized by distinct bathymetry, hydrography, productivity, and trophically dependent populations” (Sherm ...
Biliana Cicin-Sain Center for the Study of Marine Policy Director
... estuaries on out to the seaward boundary of continental shelves and the seaward boundary of coastal current systems. They are relatively large regions of the order of 200,000 km2 or larger, characterized by distinct bathymetry, hydrography, productivity, and trophically dependent populations” (Sherm ...
... estuaries on out to the seaward boundary of continental shelves and the seaward boundary of coastal current systems. They are relatively large regions of the order of 200,000 km2 or larger, characterized by distinct bathymetry, hydrography, productivity, and trophically dependent populations” (Sherm ...
PICES Scientific Report No. 46 - North Pacific Marine Science
... from all six PICES member countries. This report reflects the Terms of Reference established for the SG-MP in 2011. Following a kickoff workshop on “Pollutants in a changing ocean: Refining indicator approaches in support of coastal management” at PICES-2011 (Khabarovsk, Russia), the SG-MP has since ...
... from all six PICES member countries. This report reflects the Terms of Reference established for the SG-MP in 2011. Following a kickoff workshop on “Pollutants in a changing ocean: Refining indicator approaches in support of coastal management” at PICES-2011 (Khabarovsk, Russia), the SG-MP has since ...
Future of the Ocean and its Seas: a non
... nations – Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, UK and USA – not only have direct responsibility for around 40 million km2 of marine habitat (nearly twice their total land area), but together they produce the overwhelming majority (more than 80%; Jappe, 2007) of oceanographic scientific publication ...
... nations – Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, UK and USA – not only have direct responsibility for around 40 million km2 of marine habitat (nearly twice their total land area), but together they produce the overwhelming majority (more than 80%; Jappe, 2007) of oceanographic scientific publication ...
Pacific source waters and their transformation to the Indian Ocean
... The main thermocline water: The main thermocline or Central Water is formed by late winter subduction at the surface along the Subtropical Convergence Zone of the South Pacific at about 40ºS and south of the Subarctic-tropical fontal zone (SATFZ) of the North Pacific at 40ºN (Iselin, 1939; Stommel, ...
... The main thermocline water: The main thermocline or Central Water is formed by late winter subduction at the surface along the Subtropical Convergence Zone of the South Pacific at about 40ºS and south of the Subarctic-tropical fontal zone (SATFZ) of the North Pacific at 40ºN (Iselin, 1939; Stommel, ...
Developing a Marine Debris Reduction Plan for Virginia
... Marine debris is of local, regional, national, and global concern. It has become one of the most widespread pollution problems in the world’s oceans and waterways, impacting wildlife, human health and safety, habitats, and economies. Marine debris is defined as any persistent solid material that is ...
... Marine debris is of local, regional, national, and global concern. It has become one of the most widespread pollution problems in the world’s oceans and waterways, impacting wildlife, human health and safety, habitats, and economies. Marine debris is defined as any persistent solid material that is ...
Sources of Marine Pollution on Nigerian Coastal Resources: An
... The coastal area is low lying with heights of not more than 3.0 m above sea level and are generally covered by fresh water swamp, mangrove swamp, lagoon mashes, tidal channels, beach ridges and sand bars [3]. The major distinguishing parameter that separates the brackish water from the fresh water e ...
... The coastal area is low lying with heights of not more than 3.0 m above sea level and are generally covered by fresh water swamp, mangrove swamp, lagoon mashes, tidal channels, beach ridges and sand bars [3]. The major distinguishing parameter that separates the brackish water from the fresh water e ...
Ocean Currents and Their Impact on Marine Life
... surface it causes exerts a fertilization effect that is generally translated into a significant increase in primary productivity that is transmitted through the food web. The major areas of upwelling have been recognized for a long time, because most of the more important fisheries of the world are ...
... surface it causes exerts a fertilization effect that is generally translated into a significant increase in primary productivity that is transmitted through the food web. The major areas of upwelling have been recognized for a long time, because most of the more important fisheries of the world are ...
Issue 2 - INDEEP
... Launch of Navigating the Future IV The Marine Board Navigating the Future series provides regular pan-European summaries of the current status of marine research, priority recommendations and future scientific challenges in the context of European societal needs. Navigating the Future is a blueprint ...
... Launch of Navigating the Future IV The Marine Board Navigating the Future series provides regular pan-European summaries of the current status of marine research, priority recommendations and future scientific challenges in the context of European societal needs. Navigating the Future is a blueprint ...
Neodymium isotopic variations in North Pacific modern
... to - 4 and slightly lower ENd in bottom waters along the western North Pacific due to the incursion of Antarctic Bottom Water. The relative homogeneity of bottom water ENd, which contrasts sharply with the distinctive variation in sediment ENd, plus the large difference between the average end of bo ...
... to - 4 and slightly lower ENd in bottom waters along the western North Pacific due to the incursion of Antarctic Bottom Water. The relative homogeneity of bottom water ENd, which contrasts sharply with the distinctive variation in sediment ENd, plus the large difference between the average end of bo ...
Review - International Maritime Organization
... circulation and high sedimentation rates. On continental shelves, plastics (mainly bags and bottles) account for a very high percentage (more than 70%) of the items found. In coastal sediments around the world, microplastics appear to be ubiquitous at densities range from <10 to over 100,000 items p ...
... circulation and high sedimentation rates. On continental shelves, plastics (mainly bags and bottles) account for a very high percentage (more than 70%) of the items found. In coastal sediments around the world, microplastics appear to be ubiquitous at densities range from <10 to over 100,000 items p ...
Module 3 -- Resources (PDF- 1462KB)
... ocean tuna and mackerel swim in schools and fish such as marlin and sailfish travel alone. Many birds live close to the shore while others only come to the shore once every three to five years. Petrels and albatrosses have long narrow wings that help them travel long distances over the open ocean. I ...
... ocean tuna and mackerel swim in schools and fish such as marlin and sailfish travel alone. Many birds live close to the shore while others only come to the shore once every three to five years. Petrels and albatrosses have long narrow wings that help them travel long distances over the open ocean. I ...
The Lawless Sea? Policy Options for Voluntary Compliance
... be problematic in that different departments of state infrastructure may lack coordination, and compete with each other for control. State systems tend to be rules-based, which can lead ...
... be problematic in that different departments of state infrastructure may lack coordination, and compete with each other for control. State systems tend to be rules-based, which can lead ...
Litter on the seafloor-HELCOM candidate core indictor report
... found in the deepest areas and at locations as remote from land as the Charlie-Gibbs Fracture Zone across the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, located at about 2,000 km from land and at depths of 7,216m in the Ryuku trench south of Japan. In shallow coastal areas (<40m depth), the abundance of marine debris is g ...
... found in the deepest areas and at locations as remote from land as the Charlie-Gibbs Fracture Zone across the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, located at about 2,000 km from land and at depths of 7,216m in the Ryuku trench south of Japan. In shallow coastal areas (<40m depth), the abundance of marine debris is g ...
Earth Science 14.1 The Vast World Ocean
... If you could travel from one coast to another across the ocean floor, the first zone one would pass through upon leaving land would be the continental shelf. The continental shelf is the gently sloping submerged area extending from the shoreline. This shelf is almost nonexistant on some shorelines. ...
... If you could travel from one coast to another across the ocean floor, the first zone one would pass through upon leaving land would be the continental shelf. The continental shelf is the gently sloping submerged area extending from the shoreline. This shelf is almost nonexistant on some shorelines. ...
Print this article - Latin American Journal of Aquatic Mammals
... Currents. The Brazil Current originates where the westward flowing trans-Atlantic South Equatorial Current bifurcates into two currents, the North Brazil and the Brazil Currents, with the latter branch having a southward direction (Peterson and Stramma, 1990; Stramma et al., 1990). The Malvinas Curr ...
... Currents. The Brazil Current originates where the westward flowing trans-Atlantic South Equatorial Current bifurcates into two currents, the North Brazil and the Brazil Currents, with the latter branch having a southward direction (Peterson and Stramma, 1990; Stramma et al., 1990). The Malvinas Curr ...
Great Pacific garbage patch
The Great Pacific garbage patch, also described as the Pacific trash vortex, is a gyre of marine debris particles in the central North Pacific Ocean located roughly between 135°W to 155°W and 35°N and 42°N. The patch extends over an indeterminate area, with estimates ranging very widely depending on the degree of plastic concentration used to define the affected area.The patch is characterized by exceptionally high relative concentrations of pelagic plastics, chemical sludge and other debris that have been trapped by the currents of the North Pacific Gyre. Despite its enormous size and density (4 particles per cubic meter), the patch is not visible from satellite photography, nor is it necessarily detectable to casual boaters or divers in the area, as it consists primarily of a small increase in suspended, often microscopic particles in the upper water column.