The Chlamydomonas genome project: a decade on
... half of a typical plant consists of repetitive sequences, in other words it comprises up to thousands of stretches of sequence that are identical or nearly identical to each other. Repetitive sequences that are similar to each other comprise a repeat family; it is common to have thousands of differe ...
... half of a typical plant consists of repetitive sequences, in other words it comprises up to thousands of stretches of sequence that are identical or nearly identical to each other. Repetitive sequences that are similar to each other comprise a repeat family; it is common to have thousands of differe ...
Problem Set 2
... membrane containing unsaturated phospholipids would be more fluid than a membrane made exclusively of saturated phospholipids. ...
... membrane containing unsaturated phospholipids would be more fluid than a membrane made exclusively of saturated phospholipids. ...
Bio/CS 251 Bioinformatics Homework 4 20 points
... 2. After translation has started, if AUA occupies the peptidyl site of the ribosome, what codon will be in the aminoacyl site? The peptidyl site would be occupied by a peptidyl-tRNA that carries the MET-GLU-ILE tripeptide, and the aminoacyl site would contain the next aa-tRNA to be added to the grow ...
... 2. After translation has started, if AUA occupies the peptidyl site of the ribosome, what codon will be in the aminoacyl site? The peptidyl site would be occupied by a peptidyl-tRNA that carries the MET-GLU-ILE tripeptide, and the aminoacyl site would contain the next aa-tRNA to be added to the grow ...
Article Synonymous Genetic Variation in Natural
... E. coli. In other words, some gene trees have much longer branches, on average, than other gene trees, even in the core genome. This result means that different genes give different estimates of when E. coli isolates diverged from each other, assuming that mutation rates do not vary across the genom ...
... E. coli. In other words, some gene trees have much longer branches, on average, than other gene trees, even in the core genome. This result means that different genes give different estimates of when E. coli isolates diverged from each other, assuming that mutation rates do not vary across the genom ...
One of the first COMT fMRI studies
... •Dominance - with the 5HTT-LPR polymorphism, the s allele appears to be dominant with cell line and SPECT studies giving similar finding for s/l and s/s cases vs l/l cases. • This shows how it is important to know about dominance for analysing your data – here we might want to compare l/l/ individua ...
... •Dominance - with the 5HTT-LPR polymorphism, the s allele appears to be dominant with cell line and SPECT studies giving similar finding for s/l and s/s cases vs l/l cases. • This shows how it is important to know about dominance for analysing your data – here we might want to compare l/l/ individua ...
How were introns inserted into nuclear genes?
... nuclear introns. It is possible that classical introns were proteases and calcium-binding proteins have apparentinserted by a mechanism that no longer exists in the ly been inserted into highly conserved coding regions, limited range of phyla 'that have been studied within which certain nucleotides ...
... nuclear introns. It is possible that classical introns were proteases and calcium-binding proteins have apparentinserted by a mechanism that no longer exists in the ly been inserted into highly conserved coding regions, limited range of phyla 'that have been studied within which certain nucleotides ...
Molecular tools for breeding basidiomycetes
... code for pheromones and their receptors [4]. The genetic structure of both factors is complex. The factor A gene complex consists of a central motif of two genes (coding for the two protein types present in the heterodimer) transcribed in divergent directions that appears duplicated one to three tim ...
... code for pheromones and their receptors [4]. The genetic structure of both factors is complex. The factor A gene complex consists of a central motif of two genes (coding for the two protein types present in the heterodimer) transcribed in divergent directions that appears duplicated one to three tim ...
Clustering Gene Expression Data: The Good, The Bad, and The
... • These methods allow us to hypothesize about relationships between genes and classes. • We should use these methods for visualization, hypothesis generation, selection of genes for further consideration • We should not use these methods inferentially. • There is no measure of “strength of evidence” ...
... • These methods allow us to hypothesize about relationships between genes and classes. • We should use these methods for visualization, hypothesis generation, selection of genes for further consideration • We should not use these methods inferentially. • There is no measure of “strength of evidence” ...
Slide 1 - Faculty Web Pages
... (another explanation is given in textbook) 1.) For good form, write down alleles for genes 1, 2, and 3 at top of page. 2.) Determine genotypes for heterozygous parent and cross-progeny, based on the phenotypes. You should already know the genotype of the homozygous parent Do the genotypes give chrom ...
... (another explanation is given in textbook) 1.) For good form, write down alleles for genes 1, 2, and 3 at top of page. 2.) Determine genotypes for heterozygous parent and cross-progeny, based on the phenotypes. You should already know the genotype of the homozygous parent Do the genotypes give chrom ...
Introduction to Synthetic Biology: Challenges and Opportunities for
... - Where to locate the sensors (reporters) to obtain state information? - What are the limits to what can be identified about the state and parameter values? Most microscopic rates are unknown: - Given a desired behavior, what is the most robust topology that realizes it? - How do we over-design syst ...
... - Where to locate the sensors (reporters) to obtain state information? - What are the limits to what can be identified about the state and parameter values? Most microscopic rates are unknown: - Given a desired behavior, what is the most robust topology that realizes it? - How do we over-design syst ...
2. Principles of Mendelian Genetics I
... self-fertile (no physiological self-incompatibility mechanism) and which is also capable of facultative outcrossing. Hundreds of generations of self-fertilization led to the development of many true-breeding, homozygous lines (or varieties) under cultivation. Characters Studied by Mendel in Pisum Yo ...
... self-fertile (no physiological self-incompatibility mechanism) and which is also capable of facultative outcrossing. Hundreds of generations of self-fertilization led to the development of many true-breeding, homozygous lines (or varieties) under cultivation. Characters Studied by Mendel in Pisum Yo ...
RNA Polymerase II Subunit Rpb9 Regulates Transcription
... elongation properties. Occasionally, the pol II⌬9 enzyme did form arrested elongation complexes at the histone H3.3 arrest site. Unlike wild-type arrested complexes, these arrested pol II⌬9 complexes were unable to be rescued by the addition of the elongation factor TFIIS. In general, these studies ...
... elongation properties. Occasionally, the pol II⌬9 enzyme did form arrested elongation complexes at the histone H3.3 arrest site. Unlike wild-type arrested complexes, these arrested pol II⌬9 complexes were unable to be rescued by the addition of the elongation factor TFIIS. In general, these studies ...
Identification of Virgibacillus species using 16S rRNA gene Sequence
... and sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene fragment. A total of 730 bp of the 16S rRNA gene was sequenced and used for the identification of isolated bacterial strain. Subsequently, a 16S rRNA gene sequence based phylogenetic tree showing the relationships between the test strain AMBU07 and selected repres ...
... and sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene fragment. A total of 730 bp of the 16S rRNA gene was sequenced and used for the identification of isolated bacterial strain. Subsequently, a 16S rRNA gene sequence based phylogenetic tree showing the relationships between the test strain AMBU07 and selected repres ...
Chapter 8
... gene expression by blocking the translation of complementary mRNAs. Humans express about 500 miRNAs, and some plants express over 106 miRNAs. Because a single miRNA can bind to more than one target mRNA, it is estimated that about 1/3 of all human genes may be regulated by miRNAs. Short interfering ...
... gene expression by blocking the translation of complementary mRNAs. Humans express about 500 miRNAs, and some plants express over 106 miRNAs. Because a single miRNA can bind to more than one target mRNA, it is estimated that about 1/3 of all human genes may be regulated by miRNAs. Short interfering ...
Monkey (Cynomolgus) cDNA Normal Tissue: Pancreas
... Note: If customers fail to detect or amplify low abundant genes using ADI cDNAs, we recommend customers make their own cDNAs using ADI mRNAs as templates. If you are amplifying genes with multiple copies per cell, then use a target of 30 cycles. If you are amplifying genes that contain a single copy ...
... Note: If customers fail to detect or amplify low abundant genes using ADI cDNAs, we recommend customers make their own cDNAs using ADI mRNAs as templates. If you are amplifying genes with multiple copies per cell, then use a target of 30 cycles. If you are amplifying genes that contain a single copy ...
A global view of pleiotropy and phenotypically
... groups with more complex phenotype profiles (Figure 2B), but with equally specific functional enrichments as the gene sets constructed from low-pleiotropy mutants. Consistent with recently published results (Parsons et al, 2004), many of the clusters that include conditions with drugs added to the m ...
... groups with more complex phenotype profiles (Figure 2B), but with equally specific functional enrichments as the gene sets constructed from low-pleiotropy mutants. Consistent with recently published results (Parsons et al, 2004), many of the clusters that include conditions with drugs added to the m ...
Chapter Seventeen: Gene Mutations and DNA Repair
... not revert the original mutation. The suppression is a result of mutation in a gene other than the gene containing the original mutation. Since many proteins interact with other proteins, the original mutation may have disrupted the protein-protein interaction, while the second mutation restores the ...
... not revert the original mutation. The suppression is a result of mutation in a gene other than the gene containing the original mutation. Since many proteins interact with other proteins, the original mutation may have disrupted the protein-protein interaction, while the second mutation restores the ...
Isolation and Characterization of Mutations in the b-Tubulin Gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae .
... a microfuge, and the pellet was resuspended gently in 0.5 ml of 50 mM EDTA, 0.3% SDS, pH 8.5. T h e tube was heated to 65" for 20 min, then 100 pI of 5 M potassium acetate was added, chilled on ice for 20 min and centrifuged for 10 min in a microfuge at 4 " . T h e supernatant was poured to a new tu ...
... a microfuge, and the pellet was resuspended gently in 0.5 ml of 50 mM EDTA, 0.3% SDS, pH 8.5. T h e tube was heated to 65" for 20 min, then 100 pI of 5 M potassium acetate was added, chilled on ice for 20 min and centrifuged for 10 min in a microfuge at 4 " . T h e supernatant was poured to a new tu ...
Plant Physiology and Biochemistry
... have been reported in promoters of several genes that are regulated by osmotic and low temperature stresses; these genes include kin1, cor6.6/kin2, and rd17/cor47 in Arabidopsis [11,34]. In a recent study, 16 genes containing DRE or DRE-related core motifs (CCGAC) were identified in the promoters of ...
... have been reported in promoters of several genes that are regulated by osmotic and low temperature stresses; these genes include kin1, cor6.6/kin2, and rd17/cor47 in Arabidopsis [11,34]. In a recent study, 16 genes containing DRE or DRE-related core motifs (CCGAC) were identified in the promoters of ...
Searching for Intelligence in Our Genes
... To measure these differences, psychologists in the early 1900s invented tests of various kinds of thought, such as math, spatial reasoning and verbal skills. To compare scores on one type of test to those on another, some psychologists developed standard scales of intelligence. The most familiar of ...
... To measure these differences, psychologists in the early 1900s invented tests of various kinds of thought, such as math, spatial reasoning and verbal skills. To compare scores on one type of test to those on another, some psychologists developed standard scales of intelligence. The most familiar of ...
The global repressor FliZ antagonizes gene
... In order to test whether FliZ is able to bind to DNA in vitro, the E. coli protein was purified and subject to EMSA with DNA fragments containing the promoters of mlrA and yciR. The mlrA gene encodes a MerR-like regulator essential for transcriptional activation of the central curli regulator CsgD (S ...
... In order to test whether FliZ is able to bind to DNA in vitro, the E. coli protein was purified and subject to EMSA with DNA fragments containing the promoters of mlrA and yciR. The mlrA gene encodes a MerR-like regulator essential for transcriptional activation of the central curli regulator CsgD (S ...
CHAPTER 14 MENDEL AND THE GENE IDEA Section B: Extending
... heterozygous (BbCc) will follow the law of independent assortment. • However, unlike the 9:3:3:1 offspring ratio of an normal Mendelian experiment, the ratio is nine black, three brown, and four white. ...
... heterozygous (BbCc) will follow the law of independent assortment. • However, unlike the 9:3:3:1 offspring ratio of an normal Mendelian experiment, the ratio is nine black, three brown, and four white. ...
Intra-isolate genome variation in arbuscular mycorrhizal
... whether this genetic variation on the genome level actually contributes to the AMF phenotype. To investigate the extent to which polymorphisms in nuclear genes are transcribed, we analysed the intra-isolate genomic and cDNA sequence variation of two genes, the large subunit ribosomal RNA (LSU rDNA) ...
... whether this genetic variation on the genome level actually contributes to the AMF phenotype. To investigate the extent to which polymorphisms in nuclear genes are transcribed, we analysed the intra-isolate genomic and cDNA sequence variation of two genes, the large subunit ribosomal RNA (LSU rDNA) ...
Gene
A gene is a locus (or region) of DNA that encodes a functional RNA or protein product, and is the molecular unit of heredity. The transmission of genes to an organism's offspring is the basis of the inheritance of phenotypic traits. Most biological traits are under the influence of polygenes (many different genes) as well as the gene–environment interactions. Some genetic traits are instantly visible, such as eye colour or number of limbs, and some are not, such as blood type, risk for specific diseases, or the thousands of basic biochemical processes that comprise life.Genes can acquire mutations in their sequence, leading to different variants, known as alleles, in the population. These alleles encode slightly different versions of a protein, which cause different phenotype traits. Colloquial usage of the term ""having a gene"" (e.g., ""good genes,"" ""hair colour gene"") typically refers to having a different allele of the gene. Genes evolve due to natural selection or survival of the fittest of the alleles.The concept of a gene continues to be refined as new phenomena are discovered. For example, regulatory regions of a gene can be far removed from its coding regions, and coding regions can be split into several exons. Some viruses store their genome in RNA instead of DNA and some gene products are functional non-coding RNAs. Therefore, a broad, modern working definition of a gene is any discrete locus of heritable, genomic sequence which affect an organism's traits by being expressed as a functional product or by regulation of gene expression.