RNA Interference and Small Interfering RNAs
... detection of such short RNAs in plants has been described recently.[37] Biochemical analysis of the mechanism of RNAi became possible with the development of a D. melanogaster in vitro system that recapitulates many of the features of RNAi observed in vivo.[38] In this system, dsRNA is not only proc ...
... detection of such short RNAs in plants has been described recently.[37] Biochemical analysis of the mechanism of RNAi became possible with the development of a D. melanogaster in vitro system that recapitulates many of the features of RNAi observed in vivo.[38] In this system, dsRNA is not only proc ...
Multiple PCR analyses on trace amounts of DNA
... 8-9 and exon 7-9) and rearranged immunoglobulin (Ig) heavy chain gene fragments (VH framework 3 to JH and VH framework 2 to JH)) were performed on individual RP-PCR product pools generated from the microdissected follicles, and 40 ng, 4 ng, 400 pg, 40 pg, 4 pg high molecular weight DNA using the pri ...
... 8-9 and exon 7-9) and rearranged immunoglobulin (Ig) heavy chain gene fragments (VH framework 3 to JH and VH framework 2 to JH)) were performed on individual RP-PCR product pools generated from the microdissected follicles, and 40 ng, 4 ng, 400 pg, 40 pg, 4 pg high molecular weight DNA using the pri ...
Mendel*s Work With Garden Peas Introduced Hereditary Genetics
... • Clear traits—pure purple, pure white, etc. ...
... • Clear traits—pure purple, pure white, etc. ...
results and discussion
... found that there are approximately 340 genes involved in causing the Rheumatoid Arthritis. Moreover, it has also been observed that SNPs of these genes are associated with the disease. In this study, four genes were analyzed for their possible association with Rheumatoid Arthritis using bioinformati ...
... found that there are approximately 340 genes involved in causing the Rheumatoid Arthritis. Moreover, it has also been observed that SNPs of these genes are associated with the disease. In this study, four genes were analyzed for their possible association with Rheumatoid Arthritis using bioinformati ...
Supplementary Data The complete 12 Mb genome and
... reported by contrasting rpoB(R)N426H strain to wild type strain data. Gene-sets with Normalized Enrichment Score (NES) > 1.70 and False Discovery Rate (FDR) < 0.1 in at least one of the contrasts are reported. Green and red colors indicate, respectively, up-regulation and down-regulation in test str ...
... reported by contrasting rpoB(R)N426H strain to wild type strain data. Gene-sets with Normalized Enrichment Score (NES) > 1.70 and False Discovery Rate (FDR) < 0.1 in at least one of the contrasts are reported. Green and red colors indicate, respectively, up-regulation and down-regulation in test str ...
Does Activation of the TALl Gene Occur in a Majority
... from a local DNA deletion (the tald recombination) that removes 90 to 100 kbp of upstream sequence from the TALl locus. Thus, TALl rearrangement, whether mediated by chromosome translocation or by talld recombination, is the most common genetic defect known to be associated with T-ALL.’“I7 The prese ...
... from a local DNA deletion (the tald recombination) that removes 90 to 100 kbp of upstream sequence from the TALl locus. Thus, TALl rearrangement, whether mediated by chromosome translocation or by talld recombination, is the most common genetic defect known to be associated with T-ALL.’“I7 The prese ...
BBSI Final Report
... created by this cut will be inserted into pPV72 and the resultant plasmids used to test interference. The exact nature of this mutation will have to be determined using sequencing, though it is suspected that it was introduced during replication in DH5, since the two fragments were only obtainable ...
... created by this cut will be inserted into pPV72 and the resultant plasmids used to test interference. The exact nature of this mutation will have to be determined using sequencing, though it is suspected that it was introduced during replication in DH5, since the two fragments were only obtainable ...
Polygenic inheritance
... traits where the offspring of a cross tended to be intermediate in appearance between the two parents. For instance if one parent is tall and the other short, the offspring tend to be intermediate in height. In other words, the offspring in a cross tend to be a blend of both parents. Inheritance lik ...
... traits where the offspring of a cross tended to be intermediate in appearance between the two parents. For instance if one parent is tall and the other short, the offspring tend to be intermediate in height. In other words, the offspring in a cross tend to be a blend of both parents. Inheritance lik ...
Postdoctoral Fellowship - CSOF4
... In the ‘Green Revolution’ wheat yields increased markedly due to the introduction of mutant DELLA genes that reduced plant growth, and allowed both an increased response to nitrogen fertiliser and more carbon to be partitioned to the grain. However, in dryland, rain-fed environments these mutant DEL ...
... In the ‘Green Revolution’ wheat yields increased markedly due to the introduction of mutant DELLA genes that reduced plant growth, and allowed both an increased response to nitrogen fertiliser and more carbon to be partitioned to the grain. However, in dryland, rain-fed environments these mutant DEL ...
DNA and RNA extraction
... Centrifuge this for 2 min at 12,000 x g in a microcentrifuge. You may observe a translucent pellet (carbohydrate). Recover the supernatant carefully and transfer it to a clean tube for storage at -20 C. Typically, this provides sufficient DNA for at least 5 Southern blots. Digestion of DNA Although ...
... Centrifuge this for 2 min at 12,000 x g in a microcentrifuge. You may observe a translucent pellet (carbohydrate). Recover the supernatant carefully and transfer it to a clean tube for storage at -20 C. Typically, this provides sufficient DNA for at least 5 Southern blots. Digestion of DNA Although ...
Identification and Analysis of Arabidopsis Expressed Sequence
... involved in protein transport across the endoplasmic reticulum (ER; Walter et al., 2000). In most eukaryotes, telomerase RNA serves as the template for the reverse transcriptase that synthesizes telomeric DNA (Blackburn, 2000). mei RNA helps regulate the initiation of meiosis in Saccharomyces pombe ...
... involved in protein transport across the endoplasmic reticulum (ER; Walter et al., 2000). In most eukaryotes, telomerase RNA serves as the template for the reverse transcriptase that synthesizes telomeric DNA (Blackburn, 2000). mei RNA helps regulate the initiation of meiosis in Saccharomyces pombe ...
(THCA) synthase gene in
... in #001 and for isoleucine in another ‘‘drug-type’’ strain. However, these two amino acids have the same chemical character, and therefore it seems that the substitutions at position 187 bp should not seriously affect the activity of THCA synthase. Furthermore, we analyzed more three different indiv ...
... in #001 and for isoleucine in another ‘‘drug-type’’ strain. However, these two amino acids have the same chemical character, and therefore it seems that the substitutions at position 187 bp should not seriously affect the activity of THCA synthase. Furthermore, we analyzed more three different indiv ...
Database Modeling in Bioinformatics
... Pitfalls of automatic functional analysis • Multifunctional proteins- genome projects often assign single function, info is lost in homology search • Hypothetical proteins (40% oRFs unknown), and poorly or even wrongly annotated proteins • No coverage of position-specific annotation eg active sites ...
... Pitfalls of automatic functional analysis • Multifunctional proteins- genome projects often assign single function, info is lost in homology search • Hypothetical proteins (40% oRFs unknown), and poorly or even wrongly annotated proteins • No coverage of position-specific annotation eg active sites ...
Comparative Genomics II.
... • Initially, these efforts focused on conspicuous features of the phenotypepigmentation, size and so forth. Later, they emphasized characteristics that are more directly related to chromosomes and genes ...
... • Initially, these efforts focused on conspicuous features of the phenotypepigmentation, size and so forth. Later, they emphasized characteristics that are more directly related to chromosomes and genes ...
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... and occurs independently of the concentrations of lac (NRRL deposit no. B-l8292) was cloned as a 4.5 Kbp tose or glucose present in the cell. For example, in the BamHI to PstI fragment in the vector pTJ S260. Not all presence or absence of IPTG or lactose, a new protein the sequence of pTJS260 or of ...
... and occurs independently of the concentrations of lac (NRRL deposit no. B-l8292) was cloned as a 4.5 Kbp tose or glucose present in the cell. For example, in the BamHI to PstI fragment in the vector pTJ S260. Not all presence or absence of IPTG or lactose, a new protein the sequence of pTJS260 or of ...
assembling the aging puzzle - Biomedical Computation Review
... Kim, PhD, professor of developmental biology and genetics at Stanford University. “Understanding aging is really in its beginning stages. I feel we aren't anywhere near a good understanding.” One thing is certain: genes play a role. They may or may not direct aging, but they do influence it. In the ...
... Kim, PhD, professor of developmental biology and genetics at Stanford University. “Understanding aging is really in its beginning stages. I feel we aren't anywhere near a good understanding.” One thing is certain: genes play a role. They may or may not direct aging, but they do influence it. In the ...
Article
... fix beneficial alleles at different loci that could be incompatible if the populations were reunited and formed hybrids. Genetic incompatibilities that sterilize or kill hybrids are often called ‘‘speciation genes’’ [3], although such incompatibilities would eventually evolve anyway even if speciation ...
... fix beneficial alleles at different loci that could be incompatible if the populations were reunited and formed hybrids. Genetic incompatibilities that sterilize or kill hybrids are often called ‘‘speciation genes’’ [3], although such incompatibilities would eventually evolve anyway even if speciation ...
From gene to protein in higher plant mitochondria
... In chloroplasts transcription is performed by at least three different RNA polymerases, a bacterial-type RNA polymerase (PEP) encoded in the plastid genome (i.e. a chloroplastic enzyme having a sequence homologous to RNA polymerases found in bacteria) and two nuclearencoded bacteriophage-type RNA po ...
... In chloroplasts transcription is performed by at least three different RNA polymerases, a bacterial-type RNA polymerase (PEP) encoded in the plastid genome (i.e. a chloroplastic enzyme having a sequence homologous to RNA polymerases found in bacteria) and two nuclearencoded bacteriophage-type RNA po ...
Antisense Transcript and RNA Processing
... cells. In wild-type cells, atpB transcription reads through a downstream IR, followed by a two-step processing mechanism to yield the mature 39 end, which is coincident with the stem-loop (Stern and Kindle, 1993). In D26pAtE, the 39 IR, which is absent in D26, has been replaced by a sequence of 25 a ...
... cells. In wild-type cells, atpB transcription reads through a downstream IR, followed by a two-step processing mechanism to yield the mature 39 end, which is coincident with the stem-loop (Stern and Kindle, 1993). In D26pAtE, the 39 IR, which is absent in D26, has been replaced by a sequence of 25 a ...
Document
... 1. [Blending Particulate; Factors = Genes] Blending inheritance should be substituted for particulate inheritance (there were no blending of shape). Characters are determined by factors (we know that they are genes. 2. [Alleles – alternative forms of genes; different alleles in F1] Each factor (gene ...
... 1. [Blending Particulate; Factors = Genes] Blending inheritance should be substituted for particulate inheritance (there were no blending of shape). Characters are determined by factors (we know that they are genes. 2. [Alleles – alternative forms of genes; different alleles in F1] Each factor (gene ...
A number of antibiotics produced by different - J
... which has been shown to be an inhibitor of yeast RNA polymerases in vitro6,7) and it has been suggested that prokaryotic RNA synthesis is also sensitive to this antibiotic8,9). However, we found that the RNA polymerases of the five organisms used in this study were unaffected by thiolutin in vitro ( ...
... which has been shown to be an inhibitor of yeast RNA polymerases in vitro6,7) and it has been suggested that prokaryotic RNA synthesis is also sensitive to this antibiotic8,9). However, we found that the RNA polymerases of the five organisms used in this study were unaffected by thiolutin in vitro ( ...
Single-Gene Inheritance Single-Gene Inheritance
... crosses. The central components in this type of analysis are mutants, individual organisms having some altered form of a normal property. The normal form of any property of an organism is called the wild type, that which is found “in the wild,” or in nature. The genetic modus operandi is to mate an ...
... crosses. The central components in this type of analysis are mutants, individual organisms having some altered form of a normal property. The normal form of any property of an organism is called the wild type, that which is found “in the wild,” or in nature. The genetic modus operandi is to mate an ...
Homologous and Nonhomologous Rearrangements: Interactions
... The Aevol model was developed in our team to study the evolution of genome structure. It simulates the evolution of a population of N artificial haploid organisms with flexible genomes. Although a description of the model has already been published (see Knibbe et al. (2008) and its supp. mat.), we t ...
... The Aevol model was developed in our team to study the evolution of genome structure. It simulates the evolution of a population of N artificial haploid organisms with flexible genomes. Although a description of the model has already been published (see Knibbe et al. (2008) and its supp. mat.), we t ...
Mol Biol Evol-2015-Lipinska-15
... On the other hand, other features are anticipated to be shared by both diploid (XY and ZW) and haploid (UV) sexdetermination systems. For example, in any sexual system resolution of sexual antagonism is expected to be one of the processes that lead to the emergence of sex-biased gene expression. The ...
... On the other hand, other features are anticipated to be shared by both diploid (XY and ZW) and haploid (UV) sexdetermination systems. For example, in any sexual system resolution of sexual antagonism is expected to be one of the processes that lead to the emergence of sex-biased gene expression. The ...
Gene
A gene is a locus (or region) of DNA that encodes a functional RNA or protein product, and is the molecular unit of heredity. The transmission of genes to an organism's offspring is the basis of the inheritance of phenotypic traits. Most biological traits are under the influence of polygenes (many different genes) as well as the gene–environment interactions. Some genetic traits are instantly visible, such as eye colour or number of limbs, and some are not, such as blood type, risk for specific diseases, or the thousands of basic biochemical processes that comprise life.Genes can acquire mutations in their sequence, leading to different variants, known as alleles, in the population. These alleles encode slightly different versions of a protein, which cause different phenotype traits. Colloquial usage of the term ""having a gene"" (e.g., ""good genes,"" ""hair colour gene"") typically refers to having a different allele of the gene. Genes evolve due to natural selection or survival of the fittest of the alleles.The concept of a gene continues to be refined as new phenomena are discovered. For example, regulatory regions of a gene can be far removed from its coding regions, and coding regions can be split into several exons. Some viruses store their genome in RNA instead of DNA and some gene products are functional non-coding RNAs. Therefore, a broad, modern working definition of a gene is any discrete locus of heritable, genomic sequence which affect an organism's traits by being expressed as a functional product or by regulation of gene expression.