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Capital Inflows, Inflation and Exchange Rate Volatility
Capital Inflows, Inflation and Exchange Rate Volatility

... Table 13. Pair-wise Non-linear Granger Causality Tests ...
Open Economy Macro - Exchange Rates
Open Economy Macro - Exchange Rates

... • Contributes to the U.S. trade deficit • Hurts American producers who make products that compete with imports from China ...
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File

... • Contributes to the U.S. trade deficit • Hurts American producers who make products that compete with imports from China ...
Chapter 12 The Effect of Government Purchases
Chapter 12 The Effect of Government Purchases

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NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES CAPITAL CONTROLS, SUDDEN STOPS AND CURRENT ACCOUNT REVERSALS
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... particularly interested in determining if the cost of a crisis – measured in terms of lower growth – is different for countries with different degrees of capital mobility. I use treatment regressions to analyze whether restricting capital mobility reduces vulnerability and the costs of crises. Final ...
Investment in Human Capital Accumulation and Growth
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... the cycle, downward nominal wage rigidity and a fixed exchange rate prevent real wages from falling to the level consistent with full employment. Agents understand this mechanism but are too small to internalize the fact that their individual expenditure decisions collectively cause inefficiently larg ...
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This PDF is a selection from a published volume from... National Bureau of Economic Research
This PDF is a selection from a published volume from... National Bureau of Economic Research

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... component of China’s economic policy since 1949, but only until recently have been scrutinized by the international community. As usual, debates on China bring up different perspectives and the one on China’s capital controls is of no exception. One viewpoint is that capital controls allow China to ...
This PDF is a selection from a published volume from... National Bureau of Economic Research
This PDF is a selection from a published volume from... National Bureau of Economic Research

... forces behind the imposition of capital restrictions in a score of countries.5 Rodrik (1998) used a similar index to investigate the effects of capital controls on growth, inflation, and investment between 1979 and 1989. His results suggest that, after controlling for other variables, capital restric ...
S05154_en.pdf
S05154_en.pdf

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... 1956) which presupposes that capital should be re-allocated from the capital-poor economies to capital-rich economies. Consequently, this is expected to cover the saving-investment gap of these capital-deficit countries and, thus, increases the global capital flow. However, the neoclassical model pr ...
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Unchain the Gain - Arizona Chamber of Commerce

... federal capital gains rate for those earning less than $69,000 is 0%. Using that model and Arizona’s existing tax brackets, the rate could be reduced to 0% for those earning less than $50,000. Alignment with the federal government could also be achieved using an exclusion or deduction rather than a ...
This PDF is a selection from an out-of-print volume from... of Economic Research
This PDF is a selection from an out-of-print volume from... of Economic Research

... turing had reached two-thirds of the West German level by 1978. All of these estimates support the catch-up or convergence hypothesis, but at the same time, they also indicate that South Korea has not yet achieved full convergence to the industrial nations level. ...
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... similar times and, by implication, the highest R-Squared value will give an indication of which stocks are the best. With this in mind, a well-diversified investor would most likely pick a combination of equities that have low R-squared values in relation to one another so as to spread his risk and ...
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Capital control

Capital controls are residency-based measures such as transaction taxes, other limits, or outright prohibitions that a nation's government can use to regulate flows from capital markets into and out of the country's capital account. These measures may be economy-wide, sector-specific (usually the financial sector), or industry specific (for example, “strategic” industries). They may apply to all flows, or may differentiate by type or duration of the flow (debt, equity, direct investment; short-term vs. medium- and long-term).Types of capital control include exchange controls that prevent or limit the buying and selling of a national currency at the market rate, caps on the allowed volume for the international sale or purchase of various financial assets, transaction taxes such as the proposed Tobin tax, minimum stay requirements, requirements for mandatory approval, or even limits on the amount of money a private citizen is allowed to remove from the country. There have been several shifts of opinion on whether capital controls are beneficial and in what circumstances they should be used.Capital controls were an integral part of the Bretton Woods system which emerged after World War II and lasted until the early 1970s. This period was the first time capital controls had been endorsed by mainstream economics. In the 1970s free market economists became increasingly successful in persuading their colleagues that capital controls were in the main harmful. The US, other western governments, and the big multilateral financial institutions (the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and World Bank) began to take an increasingly critical view of capital controls and persuaded many countries to abandon them to facilitate financial globalization.The Latin American debt crisis of the early 1980s, the East Asian financial crisis of the late 1990s, the Russian ruble crisis of 1998-99, and the global financial crisis of 2008, however, highlighted the risks associated with the volatility of capital flows, and led many countries—even those with relatively open capital accounts—to make use of capital controls alongside macroeconomic and prudential policies as means to damp the effects of volatile flows on their economies.In the aftermath of the global financial crisis, as capital inflows surged to emerging market economies, a group of economists at the IMF outlined the elements of a policy toolkit to manage the macroeconomic and financial-stability risks associated with capital flow volatility. The proposed toolkit allowed a role for capital controls. The study, as well as a successor study focusing on financial-stability concerns stemming from capital flow volatility, while not representing an IMF official view, were nevertheless influential in generating debate among policy makers and the international community, and ultimately in bringing about a shift in the institutional position of the IMF. With the increased use of capital controls in recent years, the IMF has moved to destigmatize the use of capital controls alongside macroeconomic and prudential policies to deal with capital flow volatility. More widespread use of capital controls, however, raises a host of multilateral coordination issues, as enunciated for example by the G-20, echoing the concerns voiced by John Maynard Keynes and Harry Dexter White more than six decades ago.
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