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Postwar US economic resurgence after self destructiopn of Europe
Postwar US economic resurgence after self destructiopn of Europe

... Economists almost never point out that practically all financial crises are due to mismatching the term of assets and liabilities, in particular by borrowing short term at normally low interest rates in order to use the funds to buy a long-term asset whose higher return is fixed for a long period. ...
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... – Current account—record of all recurring trade in merchandise and services, and humanitarian aid • Trade deficit—negative current account • Trade surplus—positive current account – Capital account—record of all long-term direct investment, portfolio investment, and capital flows ...
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... The Current Account is made up of three parts: 1. Trades in Goods and Services (Net Exports)Difference between a nation’s exports of goods and services and its imports Ex: Toys imported from China, US cars exported to Mexico 2. Investment Income- $ from factors of production including payments made ...
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... world may suffer and countries may be forced to adjust their own interest rates. Thus whilst G7 ministers may say ‘the right things’, in practice they may do little to implement their recommendations. For example, in the communiqué from the April 2005 meeting, ministers stated that vigorous action w ...
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Currency War of 2009–11

The Currency War of 2009–2011 is an episode of competitive devaluation which became prominent in September 2010. Competitive devaluation involves states competing with each other to achieve a relatively low valuation for their own currency, so as to assist their domestic industry. With the financial crises of 2008 the export sectors of many emerging economies have experienced declining orders, and from 2009 several states began or increased their levels of intervention to push down their currencies.Both private sector analysts and politicians including Tim Geithner have suggested the phrase currency war overstates the extent of hostility, but the term has been widely used by the media since Brazil's finance ministers Guido Mantega September 2010 announcement that a ""currency war"" had broken out.Other commentators including world statesmen such as Manmohan Singh and Guido Mantega suggested a currency war was indeed underway and that the leading participants are China and the US, though since 2009 many other states have been taking measures to either devalue or at least check the appreciation of their currencies. The US does not acknowledge that it is practicing competitive devaluation and its official policy is to let the dollar float freely. While the US has taken no direct action to devalue its currency, there is close to universal consensus among analysts that its quantitative easing programmes exert downwards pressure on the dollar.According to many analysts the currency war had largely fizzled out by mid-2011, though others including Mantega disagreed. As of March 2012, outbreaks of rhetoric have still been occurring, with additional measures being adopted by countries like Brazil to control the appreciation of their currency. Yet by June, there were signs that currency misalignment had been levelling out in China and across the world, with even Mantega relaxing some of Brazils anti-appreciation controls. Alarms were raised concerning a possible second 21st currency war in January 2013, this time with the most apparent tension being between Japan and the Euro-zone.
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