Transistors
... There are two types of standard transistors, NPN and PNP, with different circuit symbols. The letters refer to the layers of semiconductor material used to make the transistor. Most transistors used today are NPN because this is the easiest type to make from silicon. If you are new to electronics it ...
... There are two types of standard transistors, NPN and PNP, with different circuit symbols. The letters refer to the layers of semiconductor material used to make the transistor. Most transistors used today are NPN because this is the easiest type to make from silicon. If you are new to electronics it ...
Effective Drive Current in CMOS Inverters for Sub
... current trajectory has a parabolic shape, so a minimum of three points would be needed to more precisely capture the trends in current. In addition to examining the current trajectory across technology nodes, we examine the changes in the trajectory as we scale the threshold voltage VTH of devices i ...
... current trajectory has a parabolic shape, so a minimum of three points would be needed to more precisely capture the trends in current. In addition to examining the current trajectory across technology nodes, we examine the changes in the trajectory as we scale the threshold voltage VTH of devices i ...
Module 4-6
... • Voltage from a source of electrical energy causes current to flow. • Resistance is a material’s opposition to the flow of current. • Voltage, current and resistance affect each other. For example, higher voltage (bigger push) causes more current (more flow). 2014 Technician License Course ...
... • Voltage from a source of electrical energy causes current to flow. • Resistance is a material’s opposition to the flow of current. • Voltage, current and resistance affect each other. For example, higher voltage (bigger push) causes more current (more flow). 2014 Technician License Course ...
A New Pulse Duty Cycle Control Method with Pulse Frequency
... When the flyback transformer in operates with a DCM magnetizing current, the switch voltage during the off time after the magnetizing current decreases to zero oscillates around with an amplitude equal to Nvo because of the resonance between the magnetizing inductance of the transformer and the outp ...
... When the flyback transformer in operates with a DCM magnetizing current, the switch voltage during the off time after the magnetizing current decreases to zero oscillates around with an amplitude equal to Nvo because of the resonance between the magnetizing inductance of the transformer and the outp ...
Physics 212 Lecture 11
... what is VC, the voltage across C? A) Only I2 0 B) Only VC 0 C) Both I2 and VC 0 D) Neither I2 nor VC 0 ...
... what is VC, the voltage across C? A) Only I2 0 B) Only VC 0 C) Both I2 and VC 0 D) Neither I2 nor VC 0 ...
AN-5044 Analog Switches with 2V Undershoot Protection −
... Reducing system-generated noise is one of the many challenges associated with optimizing system reliability and signal integrity. For example, noise generated from the printed circuit board (PCB) stackup which can manifest itself via the power distribution planes, crosstalk, decoupling noise, EMI an ...
... Reducing system-generated noise is one of the many challenges associated with optimizing system reliability and signal integrity. For example, noise generated from the printed circuit board (PCB) stackup which can manifest itself via the power distribution planes, crosstalk, decoupling noise, EMI an ...
Feedback Control of Five-Level PWM Rectifier: Application to the S
... Abstract—The purpose of this paper is to develop a control and regulation method of input DC voltages of five-level Neutral Point Clamping (NPC) Active Power Filter (APF). This APF is applied for the enhancement of 5,5kV (ph-ph) network power quality by compensation of harmonic currents produced by ...
... Abstract—The purpose of this paper is to develop a control and regulation method of input DC voltages of five-level Neutral Point Clamping (NPC) Active Power Filter (APF). This APF is applied for the enhancement of 5,5kV (ph-ph) network power quality by compensation of harmonic currents produced by ...
Complete Paper
... conversion may require two-stage converters with cascade structure for enough step-up gain, which decreases the efficiency and increases the cost. Thus, a high step-up converter is seen as an important stage in the system because such a system requires a sufficiently high step-up conversion with hig ...
... conversion may require two-stage converters with cascade structure for enough step-up gain, which decreases the efficiency and increases the cost. Thus, a high step-up converter is seen as an important stage in the system because such a system requires a sufficiently high step-up conversion with hig ...
IS31BL3229 - Integrated Silicon Solution
... The IS31BL3229 with a smart charge-pump circuit is a parallel white-LED driver with eight matched 20mA current outputs. It can supply a total output current of 160mA over an input voltage range of 2.7V to 5.5V. ...
... The IS31BL3229 with a smart charge-pump circuit is a parallel white-LED driver with eight matched 20mA current outputs. It can supply a total output current of 160mA over an input voltage range of 2.7V to 5.5V. ...
PQSys. Instantaneous Values
... 1 sec; 3 sec; 1 min; 10 min; 15 min; 2 h. Additional to the average values are the 10 ms extreme values available. Transducer The PQSys can also be used as a multiple measurement transducer, that can supply up to eight mA outputs with over 3,000 measurement values. ...
... 1 sec; 3 sec; 1 min; 10 min; 15 min; 2 h. Additional to the average values are the 10 ms extreme values available. Transducer The PQSys can also be used as a multiple measurement transducer, that can supply up to eight mA outputs with over 3,000 measurement values. ...
Transformer based equalisation circuit applied to n
... become open-circuit generating an elevated voltage across coil 1 and also hence coil 2. In order to reduce the voltage peak a pair of Zener diodes has been added to each coil (Figure 2). Each pair is connected in an anti-parallel arrangement thus one Zener diode is forward-biased and the other Zener ...
... become open-circuit generating an elevated voltage across coil 1 and also hence coil 2. In order to reduce the voltage peak a pair of Zener diodes has been added to each coil (Figure 2). Each pair is connected in an anti-parallel arrangement thus one Zener diode is forward-biased and the other Zener ...
Understanding Arrester Discharge Voltage
... All arresters provide protection to equipment by limiting the voltage across the equipment terminals in the presence of a surge on the system. This voltage limiting characteristic of arresters is the primary feature of an arrester in most cases, and the reason for its existence. The voltage limiting ...
... All arresters provide protection to equipment by limiting the voltage across the equipment terminals in the presence of a surge on the system. This voltage limiting characteristic of arresters is the primary feature of an arrester in most cases, and the reason for its existence. The voltage limiting ...
Section 4-2_Surge
... 4.2.4.1 Six power line surges (three of each polarity) shall be applied between the phase and neutral terminals of the AC power line while the equipment is being powered. The surge shall have an open circuit voltage waveform in accordance with Figure 4.2 having a front time (tf) of 2 µs maximum (1 µ ...
... 4.2.4.1 Six power line surges (three of each polarity) shall be applied between the phase and neutral terminals of the AC power line while the equipment is being powered. The surge shall have an open circuit voltage waveform in accordance with Figure 4.2 having a front time (tf) of 2 µs maximum (1 µ ...
DN302 - Ultraprecise Instrumentation Amplifier Makes Robust Thermocouple Interface
... The versatile and precise LTC®2053 instrumentation amplifier provides an excellent platform for robust, low power instrumentation products—as exemplified below by the battery-powered thermocouple amplifier circuit. The LTC2053 offers exceptionally low 10μV maximum input offset along with 116dB typical ...
... The versatile and precise LTC®2053 instrumentation amplifier provides an excellent platform for robust, low power instrumentation products—as exemplified below by the battery-powered thermocouple amplifier circuit. The LTC2053 offers exceptionally low 10μV maximum input offset along with 116dB typical ...
SA 20.6: 5GSample/s Track-Hold and 3GSample/s Quasi-Sample-Hold ICs A. Hülsmann, T. Jakobus
... Two fully-differential track-and-hold and quasi-sample-and-hold circuits are based on AlGaAs/GaAs-HEMTs with 60GHz fT. The less complex of these circuits exhibits 7b linearity measured under worst case. The ICs work up to 5GSample/s at a differential input of 2Vp-p for the track-and-hold and 3GSampl ...
... Two fully-differential track-and-hold and quasi-sample-and-hold circuits are based on AlGaAs/GaAs-HEMTs with 60GHz fT. The less complex of these circuits exhibits 7b linearity measured under worst case. The ICs work up to 5GSample/s at a differential input of 2Vp-p for the track-and-hold and 3GSampl ...
AS1345
... If desired the POK functionality can be used. In this case a resistor R1 (~100k) has to be applied between the POK pin and VIN, because the POK output is an open drain type. If the POK functionality is not used the pin should be unconnected. During shut-down the POK pin is high impedance to save cur ...
... If desired the POK functionality can be used. In this case a resistor R1 (~100k) has to be applied between the POK pin and VIN, because the POK output is an open drain type. If the POK functionality is not used the pin should be unconnected. During shut-down the POK pin is high impedance to save cur ...
Low Temperature Resistivity - SCCS
... For a conductor and a pure semiconductor, the current increases linearly with voltage, so the resistance can be determined using Ohm’s law, V = IR. For a pn junction, however, there is a preferential direction for current flow, and the relationship between voltage and current is nonlinear. A pn junc ...
... For a conductor and a pure semiconductor, the current increases linearly with voltage, so the resistance can be determined using Ohm’s law, V = IR. For a pn junction, however, there is a preferential direction for current flow, and the relationship between voltage and current is nonlinear. A pn junc ...
Current source
A current source is an electronic circuit that delivers or absorbs an electric current which is independent of the voltage across it.A current source is the dual of a voltage source. The term constant-current 'sink' is sometimes used for sources fed from a negative voltage supply. Figure 1 shows the schematic symbol for an ideal current source, driving a resistor load. There are two types - an independent current source (or sink) delivers a constant current. A dependent current source delivers a current which is proportional to some other voltage or current in the circuit.