Underdevelopment and Institutions
... • Sometimes the surplus is invested in the host country---location of plants, services • This can stimulate domestic industry and business • The result: “Dependent Development” • So maybe stagnation is not inevitable • Singapore is a good example… ...
... • Sometimes the surplus is invested in the host country---location of plants, services • This can stimulate domestic industry and business • The result: “Dependent Development” • So maybe stagnation is not inevitable • Singapore is a good example… ...
lbci 2015 q4 final 0
... index. Although the greatest optimism was in the state economy, this metric has seen decreasing optimism in the last three quarters. The national index, meanwhile, dipped into negative territory for the first time since Q1 2013. Even with strong Q2 GDP growth (3.9%), expectations for the national ec ...
... index. Although the greatest optimism was in the state economy, this metric has seen decreasing optimism in the last three quarters. The national index, meanwhile, dipped into negative territory for the first time since Q1 2013. Even with strong Q2 GDP growth (3.9%), expectations for the national ec ...
The Iron Law of Oligarchy Returns
... and profits in the financial sector in the United States amounted to less than 1% of GDP; now they stand at 7-8% of GDP. In recent decades, financial assets have expanded dramatically relative to any measure of economic activity, as life expectancy increased and the post-WWII baby boomers began to t ...
... and profits in the financial sector in the United States amounted to less than 1% of GDP; now they stand at 7-8% of GDP. In recent decades, financial assets have expanded dramatically relative to any measure of economic activity, as life expectancy increased and the post-WWII baby boomers began to t ...
Crisis Economics - Harvard University
... to take for granted that the question in choosing between spending and tax cuts is which would have the greater multiplier effect, and that the answer to that question is spending rather than tax cuts. The first assumption overlooks an important difference between spending and tax cuts in the contex ...
... to take for granted that the question in choosing between spending and tax cuts is which would have the greater multiplier effect, and that the answer to that question is spending rather than tax cuts. The first assumption overlooks an important difference between spending and tax cuts in the contex ...
Romer, Christina D., (2008), Business Cycles, The concise
... Recessions in the United States have become noticeably less frequent and severe since the mid-1980s. The nearly decade-long expansions of the 1980s and 1990s were interrupted by only very mild recessions in 1990 and 2001. Economists attribute this moderation of cycles to a number of factors, includi ...
... Recessions in the United States have become noticeably less frequent and severe since the mid-1980s. The nearly decade-long expansions of the 1980s and 1990s were interrupted by only very mild recessions in 1990 and 2001. Economists attribute this moderation of cycles to a number of factors, includi ...
Teaching Modern Macroecsnornics at the Principles Level
... shifts up over time when real GDP is above potential GDP and shifts down over time when real GDP is below potential GDP. The line would be upward-sloping if current real GDP rather than lagged real GDP affected inflation, but the flat case is realistic and easier for students. Because this line repr ...
... shifts up over time when real GDP is above potential GDP and shifts down over time when real GDP is below potential GDP. The line would be upward-sloping if current real GDP rather than lagged real GDP affected inflation, but the flat case is realistic and easier for students. Because this line repr ...
Working Paper No. 64 - Levy Economics Institute of Bard College
... models allows for the presence of instability which does not necessarily degenerate into runaway situations. However, in such models small changes in parameters can be responsible for large changes in the dynamics. Thus, various innovations that might change parameters might have the effect of setti ...
... models allows for the presence of instability which does not necessarily degenerate into runaway situations. However, in such models small changes in parameters can be responsible for large changes in the dynamics. Thus, various innovations that might change parameters might have the effect of setti ...
Chapter 23. Aggregate Supply and Demand, the Growth Diamond
... The growth diamond is a powerful model because it can be applied to almost every country on earth. The poorest countries never left home plate because their governments killed and robbed their citizens. Poor but not destitute countries never made it to first base, often because their governments, wh ...
... The growth diamond is a powerful model because it can be applied to almost every country on earth. The poorest countries never left home plate because their governments killed and robbed their citizens. Poor but not destitute countries never made it to first base, often because their governments, wh ...
Boosting Investment for Transformative Growth and
... the period 2000–2010, and even double digit annual growth rates in recent years for some countries . ...
... the period 2000–2010, and even double digit annual growth rates in recent years for some countries . ...
INTERNATIONAL M ONETORY ECONOMI CS SOLUTIONS NO V
... 3. They reduce transparency on goods markets thus they encourage price discrimination and manipulation of prices on the market. 4. They produce unnecessary adjustment burdens and adjustment pressures. 5. They can encourage inflation Any other points may be considered for (c) Factors that can affect ...
... 3. They reduce transparency on goods markets thus they encourage price discrimination and manipulation of prices on the market. 4. They produce unnecessary adjustment burdens and adjustment pressures. 5. They can encourage inflation Any other points may be considered for (c) Factors that can affect ...
Emerging Markets
... for brands and want access to a variety of products at different prices, including products they aspire to but can’t currently afford. Yet their tastes are often localized, and while they are middle-class in regional terms, they are still not wealthy enough to replace products regularly, because the ...
... for brands and want access to a variety of products at different prices, including products they aspire to but can’t currently afford. Yet their tastes are often localized, and while they are middle-class in regional terms, they are still not wealthy enough to replace products regularly, because the ...
questions for greenspan 160106
... In the same vein, when a ‘neophyte’ domestic banker impresses the International Banking Community with his enthusiasm and will to bring about monetary and economic change in just three years or so, then such a star would get the recognition of his peers. The news release confirming the forthcoming v ...
... In the same vein, when a ‘neophyte’ domestic banker impresses the International Banking Community with his enthusiasm and will to bring about monetary and economic change in just three years or so, then such a star would get the recognition of his peers. The news release confirming the forthcoming v ...
1Introduction to the New Zealand economy
... connections have been developing since the late 18th century, when regular transport and communication links were established with other economies. And as a small economy, with a population of 4.5 million, New Zealand is strongly influenced by offshore market performance through such global ties. ...
... connections have been developing since the late 18th century, when regular transport and communication links were established with other economies. And as a small economy, with a population of 4.5 million, New Zealand is strongly influenced by offshore market performance through such global ties. ...
The Myth Of The Greek Economic "Success Story"
... in wages, pensions, and social benefits; sharp increases in taxes; labor market liberalization; extensive privatization of public resources and state-owned assets; public sector layoffs; and the complete takeover of economic decision making by the troika. The bailouts have been an EU/IMF fiasco and ...
... in wages, pensions, and social benefits; sharp increases in taxes; labor market liberalization; extensive privatization of public resources and state-owned assets; public sector layoffs; and the complete takeover of economic decision making by the troika. The bailouts have been an EU/IMF fiasco and ...
No: 2011 -24 Meeting Date: July 21, 2011
... further deceleration in the second half of the year owing to the lagged impact of tightening policies. 11. In light of these assessments, combined with the heightened uncertainty regarding the global economy and the slowdown in domestic economic activity, the Committee has decided to maintain the c ...
... further deceleration in the second half of the year owing to the lagged impact of tightening policies. 11. In light of these assessments, combined with the heightened uncertainty regarding the global economy and the slowdown in domestic economic activity, the Committee has decided to maintain the c ...
Eurozone Economic Outlook April 2015: Detailed analyses, figures and tables (PDF, 118 KB)
... slightly increasing output for all sectors but construction, where activity is to remain unchanged. ...
... slightly increasing output for all sectors but construction, where activity is to remain unchanged. ...
Can Austerity Be Expansionary in Present-Day Europe?
... stock markets, commercial real-estate markets and of the fixed exchange-rate system, which became a flexible exchange rate system after November 1992. Consequentially, there was also a bank crisis and an exceptional decline in private consumption and investments. The crisis was largely domestic seei ...
... stock markets, commercial real-estate markets and of the fixed exchange-rate system, which became a flexible exchange rate system after November 1992. Consequentially, there was also a bank crisis and an exceptional decline in private consumption and investments. The crisis was largely domestic seei ...
This version: 20 March 2001
... production on the assumption that the “invisible hand” leads them toward equilibrium. The argument in favour of this position is that markets, defined by supply and demand conditions, are the most efficient mechanisms in the determination of equilibrium prices and production levels. They reflect the ...
... production on the assumption that the “invisible hand” leads them toward equilibrium. The argument in favour of this position is that markets, defined by supply and demand conditions, are the most efficient mechanisms in the determination of equilibrium prices and production levels. They reflect the ...
Book Reviews on global economy and geopolitical readings
... almost completely sidelined, the Chinese economy lost the battle for manufacturing efficiency. 6. 1978-2003 (economic reforms). In 1978, China cast aside its centralised planning system and embraced market forces, and quickly began to participate in the world economy, so much so that it was the fast ...
... almost completely sidelined, the Chinese economy lost the battle for manufacturing efficiency. 6. 1978-2003 (economic reforms). In 1978, China cast aside its centralised planning system and embraced market forces, and quickly began to participate in the world economy, so much so that it was the fast ...
This PDF is a selec on from a published volume... Bureau of Economic Research
... to target prices straight away. Money demand responds faster to interest rates than to inflation. The path is the demand for money, then money, then the real economy, then inflation. Crow also questioned Issing about how the ambiguous response to inflation targeting of the Bundesbank and even the Eu ...
... to target prices straight away. Money demand responds faster to interest rates than to inflation. The path is the demand for money, then money, then the real economy, then inflation. Crow also questioned Issing about how the ambiguous response to inflation targeting of the Bundesbank and even the Eu ...
ISP - IES
... (2008) investigate the DSGE model with yield curve and regime shifts. Rudenbush and Swanson (2008) points out that introduction of habits in consumption and various market frictions helps to fit the term structure data but at the cost of distorting the ability of DSGE to fit macro data. Hordahl, Tri ...
... (2008) investigate the DSGE model with yield curve and regime shifts. Rudenbush and Swanson (2008) points out that introduction of habits in consumption and various market frictions helps to fit the term structure data but at the cost of distorting the ability of DSGE to fit macro data. Hordahl, Tri ...
Post–World War II economic expansion
""Golden Age of capitalism"" redirects here. Other periods this term may refer to are Gilded Age and Belle Époque.The post–World War II economic expansion, also known as the postwar economic boom, the long boom, and the Golden Age of Capitalism, was a period of economic prosperity in the mid-20th century which occurred, following the end of World War II in 1945, and lasted until the early 1970s. It ended with the collapse of the Bretton Woods system in 1971, the 1973 oil crisis, and the 1973–1974 stock market crash, which led to the 1970s recession. Narrowly defined, the period spanned from 1945 to 1952, with overall growth lasting well until 1971, though there are some debates on dating the period, and booms in individual countries differed, some starting as early as 1945, and overlapping the rise of the East Asian economies into the 1980s or 1990s.During this time there was high worldwide economic growth; Western European and East Asian countries in particular experienced unusually high and sustained growth, together with full employment. Contrary to early predictions, this high growth also included many countries that had been devastated by the war, such as Greece (Greek economic miracle), West Germany (Wirtschaftswunder), France (Trente Glorieuses), Japan (Japanese post-war economic miracle), and Italy (Italian economic miracle).