Water-Mass Transformations in a Neutral Density Framework and
... the buoyancy balance. The inclusion of internal sources such as the penetrative solar shortwave radiation (i.e., depth-dependent heat transfer) in the estimate of surface buoyancy fluxes has a significant impact in several oceanic regions, and the former simplified formulation can lead to a 100% err ...
... the buoyancy balance. The inclusion of internal sources such as the penetrative solar shortwave radiation (i.e., depth-dependent heat transfer) in the estimate of surface buoyancy fluxes has a significant impact in several oceanic regions, and the former simplified formulation can lead to a 100% err ...
Common signals between physical and atmospheric variables and
... 195–196). Details about the bandpass filter used for the analysis of the Quasi Biennial Oscillation (QBO) signals are reported in Conversi and Hameed (1997). ...
... 195–196). Details about the bandpass filter used for the analysis of the Quasi Biennial Oscillation (QBO) signals are reported in Conversi and Hameed (1997). ...
Double-Diffusive Convection and Interleaving in the Arctic Ocean
... transport through diffusive interfaces could contribute significantly to the upward flux of heat from the subsurface warm Atlantic water to the upper layers. The lateral property contrasts between the different inflow branches to the Arctic Ocean and between the boundary current and the water column ...
... transport through diffusive interfaces could contribute significantly to the upward flux of heat from the subsurface warm Atlantic water to the upper layers. The lateral property contrasts between the different inflow branches to the Arctic Ocean and between the boundary current and the water column ...
![[1 pt] X.](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/009707781_1-b3157da074470eeaa49ae4860cbb8b74-300x300.png)
[1 pt] X.
... [1 pt] The resulting increase in H+ lowers the pH to create more acidic conditions. [1 pt] Comparing pH of 8.1 with pH 7.9 or 8, CO32- decreases in concentration. 9) [2 pts] Why is there more CO2 in the North Atlantic Ocean? [1 pt] CO2 is more soluble in cold water, so more of it dissolves in high-l ...
... [1 pt] The resulting increase in H+ lowers the pH to create more acidic conditions. [1 pt] Comparing pH of 8.1 with pH 7.9 or 8, CO32- decreases in concentration. 9) [2 pts] Why is there more CO2 in the North Atlantic Ocean? [1 pt] CO2 is more soluble in cold water, so more of it dissolves in high-l ...
Teacher Resources - Fish Eye Project
... A mixture of molten or semi-‐molten rock, volatile gases and solids that is found beneath the surface of the Earth, such as at volcanoes. ...
... A mixture of molten or semi-‐molten rock, volatile gases and solids that is found beneath the surface of the Earth, such as at volcanoes. ...
Ocean Acidification and the End-Permian Mass Extinction: To What
... solution and stratigraphic differences between sites are so great that the task of correlating a surface is likely to be impossible. Correlation of surfaces affected by ocean acidification would be a desirable goal if acidification is demonstrated in future work. Figure 3. Vertical sections through ...
... solution and stratigraphic differences between sites are so great that the task of correlating a surface is likely to be impossible. Correlation of surfaces affected by ocean acidification would be a desirable goal if acidification is demonstrated in future work. Figure 3. Vertical sections through ...
AOOS - Summer 2015 Newsletter
... was deployed in the Chukchi Sea that will document sea ice freezeup along with the water column conditions prior to and during the freeze-up stage in late fall and early winter. Funding was provided from the national Integrated Ocean Observing System’s Marine Sensor Technology program. AOOS is a co- ...
... was deployed in the Chukchi Sea that will document sea ice freezeup along with the water column conditions prior to and during the freeze-up stage in late fall and early winter. Funding was provided from the national Integrated Ocean Observing System’s Marine Sensor Technology program. AOOS is a co- ...
IMBER Update
... Figure 2. MODIS Chlorophyll image composite for the period October 29-31, 2006 showing the strong phytoplankton blooms which usually occur in Austral spring time along the Patagonia shelf-break area. During this period, 26 oceanographic stations (+) were occupied in the area with the collection of p ...
... Figure 2. MODIS Chlorophyll image composite for the period October 29-31, 2006 showing the strong phytoplankton blooms which usually occur in Austral spring time along the Patagonia shelf-break area. During this period, 26 oceanographic stations (+) were occupied in the area with the collection of p ...
Lozier 2010 - Sites@Duke
... along a narrow corridor of the continental slope some major features of the conveyor belt What Is the Conveyor Belt? have recently been called into question. One A critical examination of the conveyor-belt model from the North Atlantic subpolar basin to the study finds that most of the subpolar-to- ...
... along a narrow corridor of the continental slope some major features of the conveyor belt What Is the Conveyor Belt? have recently been called into question. One A critical examination of the conveyor-belt model from the North Atlantic subpolar basin to the study finds that most of the subpolar-to- ...
Appendices - UNESCO World Heritage Centre
... 1987; Fiedler, 2002; Vilchis et al., 2006). The boundary between the warm surface water and cold deep water (called a thermocline) forms a dome-like feature, giving the area its name (Hofmann et al., 1981; Xie et al., 2005; Ballestero, 2006; Kahru et al., 2007). The Dome is located about 300 km off ...
... 1987; Fiedler, 2002; Vilchis et al., 2006). The boundary between the warm surface water and cold deep water (called a thermocline) forms a dome-like feature, giving the area its name (Hofmann et al., 1981; Xie et al., 2005; Ballestero, 2006; Kahru et al., 2007). The Dome is located about 300 km off ...
Advice relevant to the identification of critical habitat for Leatherback
... known to be gelatinous zooplankton. Furthermore, given the low energy density of jellyfish, Leatherbacks must consume proportionately larger quantities that would be required for other prey. As such, locating dense concentrations of jellyfish is central to Leatherback foraging success, and may be an ...
... known to be gelatinous zooplankton. Furthermore, given the low energy density of jellyfish, Leatherbacks must consume proportionately larger quantities that would be required for other prey. As such, locating dense concentrations of jellyfish is central to Leatherback foraging success, and may be an ...
Oceanography - Flushing Community Schools
... Continental Shelf Deposits A high amount of organic activity occurs in the waters above the continental shelf, and sediment accumulates to great thickness on the ocean floor. This is why many different kinds of resources can be found there, such as petroleum and natural gas deposits. Approximately 2 ...
... Continental Shelf Deposits A high amount of organic activity occurs in the waters above the continental shelf, and sediment accumulates to great thickness on the ocean floor. This is why many different kinds of resources can be found there, such as petroleum and natural gas deposits. Approximately 2 ...
Pronounced zonal heterogeneity in Eocene southern high
... difference with Seymour Island increases to ∼10 °C (Fig. 4B). Despite uncertainty in the choice of TEX86 calibration, records based on other temperature proxies confirm that southwest Pacific SSTs were above 17 °C for most of the Eocene (4, 8, 16, 38) (Fig. S3). These results confirm a substantial m ...
... difference with Seymour Island increases to ∼10 °C (Fig. 4B). Despite uncertainty in the choice of TEX86 calibration, records based on other temperature proxies confirm that southwest Pacific SSTs were above 17 °C for most of the Eocene (4, 8, 16, 38) (Fig. S3). These results confirm a substantial m ...
Oceanography
... Continental Shelf Deposits A high amount of organic activity occurs in the waters above the continental shelf, and sediment accumulates to great thickness on the ocean floor. This is why many different kinds of resources can be found there, such as petroleum and natural gas deposits. Approximately 2 ...
... Continental Shelf Deposits A high amount of organic activity occurs in the waters above the continental shelf, and sediment accumulates to great thickness on the ocean floor. This is why many different kinds of resources can be found there, such as petroleum and natural gas deposits. Approximately 2 ...
Exploration Technologies for the Utilization of Ocean Floor Resources
... technologies. The investigation of geographical and geological structure is scheduled to be finished by the end of FY2007. And based on the results of these investigations, the information on the geographical and geological conditions of the continental shelf that are considered to expand beyond the ...
... technologies. The investigation of geographical and geological structure is scheduled to be finished by the end of FY2007. And based on the results of these investigations, the information on the geographical and geological conditions of the continental shelf that are considered to expand beyond the ...
Meteorology TEST - Partners4results
... ocean properties. They measured water depth by lowering a long, weighted line overboard. Today’s technology – particularly sonar, satellites, and submersibles – allows scientists to study the ocean floor in a more efficient and precise manner than ever before. Sonar (sound navigation and ranging) us ...
... ocean properties. They measured water depth by lowering a long, weighted line overboard. Today’s technology – particularly sonar, satellites, and submersibles – allows scientists to study the ocean floor in a more efficient and precise manner than ever before. Sonar (sound navigation and ranging) us ...
Arctic observation initiatives of Korea Polar Research Institute for
... climatically important sulfur compound produced from oceanic biological activities. DMS in the atmosphere gives rise to the formation of aerosol which can act as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN), and has important consequences on the radiative budget of the earth. Therefore, increase in oceanic DMS e ...
... climatically important sulfur compound produced from oceanic biological activities. DMS in the atmosphere gives rise to the formation of aerosol which can act as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN), and has important consequences on the radiative budget of the earth. Therefore, increase in oceanic DMS e ...
Lecture_Ch01 - Rev 10-1
... Chinese Explorations and Discoveries • Seven voyages from 1405 to 1433 • The fleet consisted of giant nine-masted junks • Escorted by dozens of supply ships, water tankers, transports for cavalry horses, and patrol boats. • The armada's crew totaled more than 27,000 sailors and soldiers. • The large ...
... Chinese Explorations and Discoveries • Seven voyages from 1405 to 1433 • The fleet consisted of giant nine-masted junks • Escorted by dozens of supply ships, water tankers, transports for cavalry horses, and patrol boats. • The armada's crew totaled more than 27,000 sailors and soldiers. • The large ...
Presentation
... - ideal model experiments (data withholding, potential predictability) - improving data availability and - explore the use of remote transport measurements. Steffen M Olsen, Polar Oceanography, DMI, Copenhagen DK ...
... - ideal model experiments (data withholding, potential predictability) - improving data availability and - explore the use of remote transport measurements. Steffen M Olsen, Polar Oceanography, DMI, Copenhagen DK ...
Boiling Point
... fluids at temperatures close to 400° C. “This temperature is the highest measured so far along the entire Mid-Atlantic Ridge,” says team member Andrea Koschinsky, a geochemist at the International University Bremen in Germany. The high temperature indicates that fluids are being heated close to a ma ...
... fluids at temperatures close to 400° C. “This temperature is the highest measured so far along the entire Mid-Atlantic Ridge,” says team member Andrea Koschinsky, a geochemist at the International University Bremen in Germany. The high temperature indicates that fluids are being heated close to a ma ...
The Ocean Basin
... Cut into continental shelf and slope and terminate on the sea-floor in a fan shaped wedge of sediment. Mainly formed by turbidity currents – underwater landslides. Sediment mixes with water and the more dense mixture moves downslope eroding the continental slope with it. ...
... Cut into continental shelf and slope and terminate on the sea-floor in a fan shaped wedge of sediment. Mainly formed by turbidity currents – underwater landslides. Sediment mixes with water and the more dense mixture moves downslope eroding the continental slope with it. ...
Programme - The Future Ocean
... optical properties of the cloud droplets? Indeed, research during the past two decades – reviewed recently suggest this is also valid for other regions as well. Does this rule out a link between marine microorganisms and climate, especially on a regional scale? From that perspective, the Arctic obse ...
... optical properties of the cloud droplets? Indeed, research during the past two decades – reviewed recently suggest this is also valid for other regions as well. Does this rule out a link between marine microorganisms and climate, especially on a regional scale? From that perspective, the Arctic obse ...
Exploring the Possibility of Altered Ocean Circulation Patterns Using
... a state with a higher rate of entropy production. In this type of analysis, the initial values and boundary conditions determine the outcome that is specific to the situation in question. In the case of ocean circulation, these initial values and boundary conditions would describe properties such as ...
... a state with a higher rate of entropy production. In this type of analysis, the initial values and boundary conditions determine the outcome that is specific to the situation in question. In the case of ocean circulation, these initial values and boundary conditions would describe properties such as ...
U.S. JGOFS NEWS
... margins, and there is little northsouth gradient in the critical region between 30°N and 50°N. We hypothesize that this pattern could be produced if production in the high latitudes of the North Atlantic is lightly ballasted, so that not much of it sinks to the sea floor, and if coastal processes, b ...
... margins, and there is little northsouth gradient in the critical region between 30°N and 50°N. We hypothesize that this pattern could be produced if production in the high latitudes of the North Atlantic is lightly ballasted, so that not much of it sinks to the sea floor, and if coastal processes, b ...
The Geological Record of Ocean Acidification
... indicated in blue. Anthropogenic perturbations are marked in italics. Approximate fluxes are printed in parentheses (PgC year−1), whereas reservoir inventory values are shown in brackets [PgC]. Natural carbon cycle fluxes are from (70); anthropogenic fluxes for 2008 are from (57), which for the land ...
... indicated in blue. Anthropogenic perturbations are marked in italics. Approximate fluxes are printed in parentheses (PgC year−1), whereas reservoir inventory values are shown in brackets [PgC]. Natural carbon cycle fluxes are from (70); anthropogenic fluxes for 2008 are from (57), which for the land ...
Pacific Ocean
The Pacific Ocean is the largest of the Earth's oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean (or, depending on definition, to Antarctica) in the south and is bounded by Asia and Australia in the west and the Americas in the east.At 165.25 million square kilometers (63.8 million square miles) in area, this largest division of the World Ocean—and, in turn, the hydrosphere—covers about 46% of the Earth's water surface and about one-third of its total surface area, making it larger than all of the Earth's land area combined. The equator subdivides it into the North Pacific Ocean and South Pacific Ocean, with two exceptions: the Galápagos and Gilbert Islands, while straddling the equator, are deemed wholly within the South Pacific. The Mariana Trench in the western North Pacific is the deepest point in the world, reaching a depth of 10,911 metres (35,797 ft).The eastern Pacific Ocean was first sighted by Europeans in the early 16th century when Spanish explorer Vasco Núñez de Balboa crossed the Isthmus of Panama in 1513 and discovered the great ""southern sea"" which he named Mar del Sur. The ocean's current name was coined by Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan during the Spanish circumnavigation of the world in 1521, as he encountered favourable winds on reaching the ocean. He therefore called it Mar Pacifico in Portuguese, meaning ""peaceful sea"".