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MATH 108 – REVIEW TOPIC 3 Operations with Polynomials I. The
MATH 108 – REVIEW TOPIC 3 Operations with Polynomials I. The

(pdf)
(pdf)

pdf file
pdf file

Lecture Notes for Section 3.3
Lecture Notes for Section 3.3

Nemo/Hecke: Computer Algebra and Number
Nemo/Hecke: Computer Algebra and Number

... [23], as taught to us by Bernard Parisse. The most important of these is cheap removal of the content that accumulates during the subresultant algorithm by analysing the input polynomials to see what form the leading coefficient of the GCD can take. We also use heuristics to determine which permutat ...
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... Proof. We first note that a linear factor of g(x) must have the form u(x − r), where u, r ∈ Zpk , u is a unit, and r is a root of g. Therefore, the elements h(x) ∈ Ag are exactly the polynomials h(x) = α(x − r), for some α ∈ Zpk and some root r ∈ Zpk of g. Hence, to calculate |Ag |, we need to count ...
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CHAP10 Polynomials in Several Variables

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Quadratic Fields and Transcendental Numbers Mohammad Zaki, MN State Univ, Mankato

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... Moreover we have the following uniqueness. If a = q1 q2 · · · qm is anther expression of a as a product of primes, then m = n and after a reordering of q1 , q2 , . . . , qn there are units u1 , u2 , . . . , un so that qi = ui pi for i = 1, . . . , n. Problem 9 Prove this by induction on δ(a) in the ...
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... We further exploit the fact that there is a one-to-one correspondence between effective divisors and integral ideals of the ring of functions whose only poles are at Q. We represent each ideal by means of it Grobner Basis. In this way we avoid the necessity for root finding and factorization. In the ...
Solutions - Technische Universität München
Solutions - Technische Universität München

... Let υP,Q be the sign changes at −∞ minus the sign changes at ∞. Let c>0 be the number of roots of P where Q(x) > 0 and c<0 be the number of roots of P where Q(x) < 0, then υP,Q = c>0 − c<0 Then build the Sturm sequence for P = x3 + 3x2 − 4x − 12 and Q2 = (−x)2 : P0 = P = x3 + 3x2 − 4x − 12 P1 = P 0 ...
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CHAP12 Polynomial Codes

... corrupt the text. Of course we could simply repeat the message. Wherever the two copies differ, the receiver will know that an error has occurred. But the receiver won't know, for each error, which version is correct. We’d need to transmit the message three times for the receiver to be able to corre ...
Modeling and analyzing finite state automata in the
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... 3. There exists an identity element e such that for all a ∈ G, a ∗ e = e ∗ a = a. 4. There exists an inverse element a−1 ∈ G for each a ∈ G such that a ∗ a−1 = a−1 ∗ a = e. Moreover, a group is commutative (or abelian) if for all a, b ∈ G, a ∗ b = b ∗ a. A group is called finite if the set G contain ...
Finite fields - CSE
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... In the hidden subgroup problem, we are given a group G and a function f : G → R which hides a subgroup H. By hiding a subgroup means that the functions assign the same value to two elements from the same coset and different values to elements from a different coset. The subgroup H is not known and t ...
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Polynomial greatest common divisor

In algebra, the greatest common divisor (frequently abbreviated as GCD) of two polynomials is a polynomial, of the highest possible degree, that is a factor of both the two original polynomials. This concept is analogous to the greatest common divisor of two integers.In the important case of univariate polynomials over a field the polynomial GCD may be computed, like for the integer GCD, by Euclid's algorithm using long division. The polynomial GCD is defined only up to the multiplication by an invertible constant.The similarity between the integer GCD and the polynomial GCD allows us to extend to univariate polynomials all the properties that may be deduced from Euclid's algorithm and Euclidean division. Moreover, the polynomial GCD has specific properties that make it a fundamental notion in various areas of algebra. Typically, the roots of the GCD of two polynomials are the common roots of the two polynomials, and this allows to get information on the roots without computing them. For example, the multiple roots of a polynomial are the roots of the GCD of the polynomial and its derivative, and further GCD computations allow to compute the square-free factorization of the polynomial, which provides polynomials whose roots are the roots of a given multiplicity.The greatest common divisor may be defined and exists, more generally, for multivariate polynomials over a field or the ring of integers, and also over a unique factorization domain. There exist algorithms to compute them as soon as one has a GCD algorithm in the ring of coefficients. These algorithms proceed by a recursion on the number of variables to reduce the problem to a variant of Euclid's algorithm. They are a fundamental tool in computer algebra, because computer algebra systems use them systematically to simplify fractions. Conversely, most of the modern theory of polynomial GCD has been developed to satisfy the need of efficiency of computer algebra systems.
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