Wal-Mart, American consumer citizenship, and the 2008 recession
... picking up their paychecks and then, accompanied by wives and children (and a triumphal soundtrack), spending them in downtown stores on bicycles, furniture, and household appliances. “Because America has a ready purse and gives eager acceptance to what the men of motors have built,” the film procla ...
... picking up their paychecks and then, accompanied by wives and children (and a triumphal soundtrack), spending them in downtown stores on bicycles, furniture, and household appliances. “Because America has a ready purse and gives eager acceptance to what the men of motors have built,” the film procla ...
Technological Diversification
... Economies at early stages of the development process are often shaken by abrupt changes in growth rates. In his influential paper, Lucas (1988) notes that “within the advanced countries, growth rates tend to be very stable over long periods of time,” whereas within poor countries “there are many exa ...
... Economies at early stages of the development process are often shaken by abrupt changes in growth rates. In his influential paper, Lucas (1988) notes that “within the advanced countries, growth rates tend to be very stable over long periods of time,” whereas within poor countries “there are many exa ...
formal-informal economy linkages - Government Technical Advisory
... arrangements (Larsson, 2006). In other words, this definition includes both employment and self-employment in informal enterprises, and also employment outside of informal enterprises. The intention was to “extend the focus from enterprises that are not legally regulated to employment relationships ...
... arrangements (Larsson, 2006). In other words, this definition includes both employment and self-employment in informal enterprises, and also employment outside of informal enterprises. The intention was to “extend the focus from enterprises that are not legally regulated to employment relationships ...
Productivity Dispersion:Facts, Theory, and Implications
... Okun attempts to explain his own finding by resorting to several factors. They are (a) additional jobs for people who do not actively seek work in a slack labor market but nonetheless take jobs when they become available; (b) a longer workweek reflecting less part-time and more overtime employment; a ...
... Okun attempts to explain his own finding by resorting to several factors. They are (a) additional jobs for people who do not actively seek work in a slack labor market but nonetheless take jobs when they become available; (b) a longer workweek reflecting less part-time and more overtime employment; a ...
Should Regulation Be Countercyclical?
... unemployment during a recession, and each lost job might impose significant costs on the laidoff worker; but the same regulation might involve many fewer lost jobs, and much lower cost, during normal or economic boom times. 3 If agencies took account of these macroeconomic effects on a large scale, ...
... unemployment during a recession, and each lost job might impose significant costs on the laidoff worker; but the same regulation might involve many fewer lost jobs, and much lower cost, during normal or economic boom times. 3 If agencies took account of these macroeconomic effects on a large scale, ...
PAPER THE SOCIAL COST OF LABOR, AND PROJECT EVALUATION: A GENERAL APPROACH
... labor—capital mix of a public investment. This paper examines a number of issues concerning the determination of shadow wage. This analysis, with some modifications, can also be applied to the determination of other shadow prices. ...
... labor—capital mix of a public investment. This paper examines a number of issues concerning the determination of shadow wage. This analysis, with some modifications, can also be applied to the determination of other shadow prices. ...
Creative Destruction and Firm Organization Choice
... growth through creative destruction → endogenous market volatility. Provide comparative staticts dealing with aggregate product market instability and: I I I ...
... growth through creative destruction → endogenous market volatility. Provide comparative staticts dealing with aggregate product market instability and: I I I ...
12 Rural Industrialization: Township and Village Enterprises
... activities that characterize prosperous countrysides in Asia, but which China had suppressed in the 1950s. 12.2 THE GOLDEN AGE OF TVE DEVELOPMENT During 1979 the central government shifted its policy toward rural enterprises in important respects. The general liberalization of that time included a r ...
... activities that characterize prosperous countrysides in Asia, but which China had suppressed in the 1950s. 12.2 THE GOLDEN AGE OF TVE DEVELOPMENT During 1979 the central government shifted its policy toward rural enterprises in important respects. The general liberalization of that time included a r ...
Chapter 1
... top management’s goals and translating them into specific goals and plans for first-line managers to implement. Examples: department heads, plant managers, directors of finance. 1. Responsible for directing and coordinating the activities of first-line managers and nonmanagerial personnel. 2. These ...
... top management’s goals and translating them into specific goals and plans for first-line managers to implement. Examples: department heads, plant managers, directors of finance. 1. Responsible for directing and coordinating the activities of first-line managers and nonmanagerial personnel. 2. These ...
Commitment in the process of translation and control of
... Commitment and Fidelity in Agro-industrial Cooperatives Before addressing the question of commitment should be discussed the process that leads individuals to cooperate. Axelrod (1984), using the concepts of game theory, studied the required conditions for the emergence of cooperation between indivi ...
... Commitment and Fidelity in Agro-industrial Cooperatives Before addressing the question of commitment should be discussed the process that leads individuals to cooperate. Axelrod (1984), using the concepts of game theory, studied the required conditions for the emergence of cooperation between indivi ...
Shared Mindset and Supplier Ownership:
... • Incentives Under the current model, there exist mostly disincentives for non-compliance (such as losing business), rather than incentives for proactively managing social/environmental risks and improvements. Given the range of demands from buyers, suppliers are more likely to focus on those where ...
... • Incentives Under the current model, there exist mostly disincentives for non-compliance (such as losing business), rather than incentives for proactively managing social/environmental risks and improvements. Given the range of demands from buyers, suppliers are more likely to focus on those where ...
21st Century Workforce: Central Illinois
... Sources: Employment growth projections are from Illinois Department of Employment Security. Projected growth of the working age population is from Illinois Department of Commerce and Community Affairs. ...
... Sources: Employment growth projections are from Illinois Department of Employment Security. Projected growth of the working age population is from Illinois Department of Commerce and Community Affairs. ...
... But does the presence of skill loss during unemployment call for policy intervention? This paper looks at this issue through the lens of an otherwise standard random search model with aggregate uncertainty in which loss of skill is introduced. Workers who had their skills eroded while being unemploy ...
The rise of the maquiladoras
... To the best of our knowledge, this mechanism has not been discussed in the literature so far. This paper is the first in presenting a unified treatment of the maquila phenomenon and informality using a heterogeneous firm model in the vein of Melitz (2003). In a well-intentioned effort to focus on t ...
... To the best of our knowledge, this mechanism has not been discussed in the literature so far. This paper is the first in presenting a unified treatment of the maquila phenomenon and informality using a heterogeneous firm model in the vein of Melitz (2003). In a well-intentioned effort to focus on t ...
the other productivity puzzle
... that left the market were ones that showed above-average productivity. For every ten lowproductivity firms that left the market, six high-productivity ones did too. Had the highproductivity exiting firms stayed in business, British productivity growth between 1998-2007 could have been up to 6 percen ...
... that left the market were ones that showed above-average productivity. For every ten lowproductivity firms that left the market, six high-productivity ones did too. Had the highproductivity exiting firms stayed in business, British productivity growth between 1998-2007 could have been up to 6 percen ...
PDF
... farmers’ decisions to contract with cooperatives are more complex because of the necessary membership capital requirements, cooperatives offer marketing contracts which have similar, if not identical, provisions to contracts offered by investor-owned firms (Zeuli and King, 2004). The cooperative pri ...
... farmers’ decisions to contract with cooperatives are more complex because of the necessary membership capital requirements, cooperatives offer marketing contracts which have similar, if not identical, provisions to contracts offered by investor-owned firms (Zeuli and King, 2004). The cooperative pri ...
The German Labor Market During the Great Recession
... labor market institutions, such as short-time work and firing costs (e.g., Krugman, 2009). However, even though STW can not explain the whole German miracle, our results strengthen the previous findings in Balleer et al. (2016) that STW stabilizes business fluctuations to a certain extent, in partic ...
... labor market institutions, such as short-time work and firing costs (e.g., Krugman, 2009). However, even though STW can not explain the whole German miracle, our results strengthen the previous findings in Balleer et al. (2016) that STW stabilizes business fluctuations to a certain extent, in partic ...
Do Aggregate Fluctuations Depend on the Network
... The standard diversification argument claims that independent sectoral shocks tend to average out as the level of disaggregation increases, as well as idiosyncratic shocks to firms average out as the number of firms increases.1 In this perspective, the existence of aggregate fluctuations is only or ...
... The standard diversification argument claims that independent sectoral shocks tend to average out as the level of disaggregation increases, as well as idiosyncratic shocks to firms average out as the number of firms increases.1 In this perspective, the existence of aggregate fluctuations is only or ...
Chapter 2 - Business and Computer Science
... customer needs, and is one of the best ways to add value to a product and differentiate it from others Quality control is the strategy for minimizing errors by managing each stage of production Quality assurance focuses on the performance of workers, and emphasizes a goal of zero defects Kinicki/W ...
... customer needs, and is one of the best ways to add value to a product and differentiate it from others Quality control is the strategy for minimizing errors by managing each stage of production Quality assurance focuses on the performance of workers, and emphasizes a goal of zero defects Kinicki/W ...
Management
... shares and delivers upon a common set of values. Organizations exist everywhere as a means for individuals, groups, and societies to meet their needs. Managers transform organizations into viable entities through leadership. The Manager's Universe Managers must become the driving force behind change ...
... shares and delivers upon a common set of values. Organizations exist everywhere as a means for individuals, groups, and societies to meet their needs. Managers transform organizations into viable entities through leadership. The Manager's Universe Managers must become the driving force behind change ...
CH 1 Summery
... CEOs often attempt to explain poor corporate performance with external environmental factors outside of their control, such as a bad economy, market turbulence, or competitive subterfuge. A close study of corporate failure, however, suggests that most companies flounder because of managerial error, ...
... CEOs often attempt to explain poor corporate performance with external environmental factors outside of their control, such as a bad economy, market turbulence, or competitive subterfuge. A close study of corporate failure, however, suggests that most companies flounder because of managerial error, ...
The Economic Impacts of Removing Unauthorized
... In every state and in every industry across the United States, immigrants—authorized and unauthorized—are contributing to the U.S. economy. Immigrant labor and entrepreneurship are believed to be powerful forces of economic revitalization for communities struggling with population decline.1 Estimate ...
... In every state and in every industry across the United States, immigrants—authorized and unauthorized—are contributing to the U.S. economy. Immigrant labor and entrepreneurship are believed to be powerful forces of economic revitalization for communities struggling with population decline.1 Estimate ...
Table 1: Comparison of Average Values of TFPG and some other
... 4. Data, variables and methodology: Data and sample In order to estimate the productivity growth rates at the firm level, we have collected data from corporate data base Capitaline, produced by Capital Markets Ltd, an Indian information services firm. The database provides panel data for about 10,00 ...
... 4. Data, variables and methodology: Data and sample In order to estimate the productivity growth rates at the firm level, we have collected data from corporate data base Capitaline, produced by Capital Markets Ltd, an Indian information services firm. The database provides panel data for about 10,00 ...
Interim manager – ER doctor or plastic surgeon?
... carry out quality control and are in regular contact with both the interim manager they staffed and the customer. Apart from the professional knowhow that an interim manager brings, another frequent advantage is independence from the company. Hence, during large-scale changes, the interim manager do ...
... carry out quality control and are in regular contact with both the interim manager they staffed and the customer. Apart from the professional knowhow that an interim manager brings, another frequent advantage is independence from the company. Hence, during large-scale changes, the interim manager do ...
research paper series Research Paper 2006/26
... groups. In a benchmark case with identical costs of entering domestic and foreign markets, there are gains from trade accompanied by distributional conflicts, which have so far not been accounted for in the literature: a simultaneous increase of average profits and involuntary unemployment as well a ...
... groups. In a benchmark case with identical costs of entering domestic and foreign markets, there are gains from trade accompanied by distributional conflicts, which have so far not been accounted for in the literature: a simultaneous increase of average profits and involuntary unemployment as well a ...