Long-term monitoring of the short period SU UMa
... system. This is well explained by a phase-dependent dissipation of a tidally deformed precessing accretion disk. The most acceptable model for SU UMa stars is the thermaltidal instability model developed by Osaki (1989), well reproducing the majority of observations. V844 Her was discovered by Antip ...
... system. This is well explained by a phase-dependent dissipation of a tidally deformed precessing accretion disk. The most acceptable model for SU UMa stars is the thermaltidal instability model developed by Osaki (1989), well reproducing the majority of observations. V844 Her was discovered by Antip ...
Neptune Trojans as a Testbed for Planet Formation
... sweeping secondary resonances with Uranus and the other giant planets can reduce the Trojan population by nearly 2 orders of magnitude (Gomes 1998; Kortenkamp, Malhotra, & Michtchenko 2004). Do Jupiter Trojans offer any insight into the formation of Neptune Trojans? Morbidelli et al. (2004) propose ...
... sweeping secondary resonances with Uranus and the other giant planets can reduce the Trojan population by nearly 2 orders of magnitude (Gomes 1998; Kortenkamp, Malhotra, & Michtchenko 2004). Do Jupiter Trojans offer any insight into the formation of Neptune Trojans? Morbidelli et al. (2004) propose ...
SPIRou Science Case
... typically an order of magnitude on planetary mass (with respect to existing instruments). SPIRou will also work in close collaboration with space- & ground- based photometric transit surveys like K2/NASA (new mission concept for Kepler, to be decided in 2014), TESS/NASA, CHEOPS/ESA, ExTrA 1 and PLAT ...
... typically an order of magnitude on planetary mass (with respect to existing instruments). SPIRou will also work in close collaboration with space- & ground- based photometric transit surveys like K2/NASA (new mission concept for Kepler, to be decided in 2014), TESS/NASA, CHEOPS/ESA, ExTrA 1 and PLAT ...
Downloaded - Royal Society Open Science
... flashes’. This value of 2.0 M represents a key transition mass; the duration and character of the mass loss changes markedly when crossing this threshold. After the core helium is exhausted, a heliumburning shell is formed. At this point, the star is said to have begun evolving on the ‘asymptotic g ...
... flashes’. This value of 2.0 M represents a key transition mass; the duration and character of the mass loss changes markedly when crossing this threshold. After the core helium is exhausted, a heliumburning shell is formed. At this point, the star is said to have begun evolving on the ‘asymptotic g ...
The Dynamical Structure of the Kuiper Belt and Its Primordial Origin
... eccentricity of the classical belt is ~0.07. It should be noted, however, that the upper eccentricity boundary of this population is set by the long-term orbital stability of the Kuiper belt (see Plate 7), and thus this semimajor axis region could have contained at some time in the past objects with ...
... eccentricity of the classical belt is ~0.07. It should be noted, however, that the upper eccentricity boundary of this population is set by the long-term orbital stability of the Kuiper belt (see Plate 7), and thus this semimajor axis region could have contained at some time in the past objects with ...
Astrobiología Kepler`s third law
... No way to travel there, we must use telescopes. Searching for life as we know it: The 1st step is to find a rocky planet in the stellar habitable zone (HZ), although it could also be a satellite of a gas giant. The planet should be in the Galactic habitable zone, not in a globular cluster or clo ...
... No way to travel there, we must use telescopes. Searching for life as we know it: The 1st step is to find a rocky planet in the stellar habitable zone (HZ), although it could also be a satellite of a gas giant. The planet should be in the Galactic habitable zone, not in a globular cluster or clo ...
Launch - Pluto - JHUAPL - The Johns Hopkins University Applied
... “New Horizons will study a unique world, and we can only imagine what we may learn. This is a prime example of scientific missions that complement the Vision for Space Exploration,” said Mary Cleave, associate administrator for NASA’s Science Mission Directorate. The Vision for Space Exploration is a ...
... “New Horizons will study a unique world, and we can only imagine what we may learn. This is a prime example of scientific missions that complement the Vision for Space Exploration,” said Mary Cleave, associate administrator for NASA’s Science Mission Directorate. The Vision for Space Exploration is a ...
Let`s PLAN IT--Getting Your System in Order
... Type up labels for the board on a program like Microsoft Word, Adobe PhotoShop, or Print Artist (Generally any type of word processing program should work.) Label ...
... Type up labels for the board on a program like Microsoft Word, Adobe PhotoShop, or Print Artist (Generally any type of word processing program should work.) Label ...
Spin-driven tidal pumping: Tidally driven changes in planetary spin
... star and on the planet (e.g. Jeffreys 1961, Goldreich and Soter 1966, Kaula 1968, Jackson et al. 2008). The tides also affect semi-major axes a, whose changes can modify e-damping rates on comparable timescales (Jackson et al. 2008). Evolution becomes more complex and interesting in multiplanet syst ...
... star and on the planet (e.g. Jeffreys 1961, Goldreich and Soter 1966, Kaula 1968, Jackson et al. 2008). The tides also affect semi-major axes a, whose changes can modify e-damping rates on comparable timescales (Jackson et al. 2008). Evolution becomes more complex and interesting in multiplanet syst ...
Mean-Motion Resonances as a Source for Infalling Comets toward
... observed events in many of their characteristic details (Beust et al. 1990; Beust et al. 1995, and Refs. therein). Moreover, some very specific features related to the observed events, such as unusual line ratios or the unexpected presence of overionized species like Al III or C IV, appear to be a n ...
... observed events in many of their characteristic details (Beust et al. 1990; Beust et al. 1995, and Refs. therein). Moreover, some very specific features related to the observed events, such as unusual line ratios or the unexpected presence of overionized species like Al III or C IV, appear to be a n ...
Astronomical Circumstances
... This DRAFT document is an excerpt from Principles of Planetary Biology, by Tom E. Morris. based on their brightness (magnitude), temperature, receive each moment, so the warmer the planet will get radius, luminosity, mix of colors (spectral class), and (all other things being equal). This being the ...
... This DRAFT document is an excerpt from Principles of Planetary Biology, by Tom E. Morris. based on their brightness (magnitude), temperature, receive each moment, so the warmer the planet will get radius, luminosity, mix of colors (spectral class), and (all other things being equal). This being the ...
The dynamics of Jupiter and Saturn in the gaseous protoplanetary disk
... in their mutual 2:3 resonance, their outward migration is rather fast. Jupiter increases its orbital radius by ∼40% in 1000 orbits. If this really occurred in the Solar System, Jupiter would have been at some time in the middle of the asteroid belt. The properties of the asteroid belt (in particular ...
... in their mutual 2:3 resonance, their outward migration is rather fast. Jupiter increases its orbital radius by ∼40% in 1000 orbits. If this really occurred in the Solar System, Jupiter would have been at some time in the middle of the asteroid belt. The properties of the asteroid belt (in particular ...
Program with Abstracts - Division on Dynamical Astronomy
... 102.02 – Did our Solar System once have a STIP? Con"nuing the established tradi"on in the field of specula"ve "fairy tales", we postulate that our Solar System once had a set of several addi"onal Earth-scale planets interior to the orbit of Venus. This would resolve a known issue that the energy and ...
... 102.02 – Did our Solar System once have a STIP? Con"nuing the established tradi"on in the field of specula"ve "fairy tales", we postulate that our Solar System once had a set of several addi"onal Earth-scale planets interior to the orbit of Venus. This would resolve a known issue that the energy and ...
Formation of the Solar System
... The solar system formed about 4.5 billion years ago from the collapse of an interstellar gas cloud (the solar nebula). The planets formed by coagulation of smaller particles (planetesimals). Planets all line in the same orbital plane, all orbit in the same direction, and mostly spin in the same dire ...
... The solar system formed about 4.5 billion years ago from the collapse of an interstellar gas cloud (the solar nebula). The planets formed by coagulation of smaller particles (planetesimals). Planets all line in the same orbital plane, all orbit in the same direction, and mostly spin in the same dire ...
The PLATO 2.0 mission
... and potentially even to 2% or below. Ages will be known to 10% for solar-like stars. PLATO 2.0 can in addition detect several thousands of terrestrial planets down to 13 mag, but with performances comparable to CoRoT and Kepler. Larger planets can be detected down to 16 mag, which will still be inte ...
... and potentially even to 2% or below. Ages will be known to 10% for solar-like stars. PLATO 2.0 can in addition detect several thousands of terrestrial planets down to 13 mag, but with performances comparable to CoRoT and Kepler. Larger planets can be detected down to 16 mag, which will still be inte ...
Planet Formation in the Outer Solar System
... Pluto, which makes two orbits around the Sun for every three of Neptune. Roughly 20% of currently known KBOs, the Plutinos, have similar orbits. The black dots represent 200 KBOs randomly placed in the classical Kuiper belt, objects in roughly circular orbits outside the 3 : 2 resonance with Neptune ...
... Pluto, which makes two orbits around the Sun for every three of Neptune. Roughly 20% of currently known KBOs, the Plutinos, have similar orbits. The black dots represent 200 KBOs randomly placed in the classical Kuiper belt, objects in roughly circular orbits outside the 3 : 2 resonance with Neptune ...
The Kuiper Belt and Other Debris Disks - UCLA
... Jupiter (310 M⊕ ) and Saturn (95 M⊕ ) are so-called because, mass-wise, they are dominated by hydrogen and helium. Throughout the bulk of each planet these gases are compressed, however, into a degenerate (metallic) liquid that supports convection and sustains a magnetic field through dynamo action. ...
... Jupiter (310 M⊕ ) and Saturn (95 M⊕ ) are so-called because, mass-wise, they are dominated by hydrogen and helium. Throughout the bulk of each planet these gases are compressed, however, into a degenerate (metallic) liquid that supports convection and sustains a magnetic field through dynamo action. ...
Outer irregular satellites of the planets and their
... and references therein). Mars’ two small satellites Phobos and Deimos resemble regular collisional shards, but some have suggested that they may be captured bodies similar to the irregular satellites of the giant planets (Burns 1992). No outer irregular satellites of Mars are known to exist (Sheppar ...
... and references therein). Mars’ two small satellites Phobos and Deimos resemble regular collisional shards, but some have suggested that they may be captured bodies similar to the irregular satellites of the giant planets (Burns 1992). No outer irregular satellites of Mars are known to exist (Sheppar ...
Outer irregular satellites of the planets and their relationship with
... strongly influenced by solar and planetary perturbations (Henon 1970; Carruba et al. 2002; Nesvorny et al. 2003). The perturbations are most intense when the satellite is near apoapsis. High inclination orbits have been found through numerical simulations to be unstable due to solar perturbations (C ...
... strongly influenced by solar and planetary perturbations (Henon 1970; Carruba et al. 2002; Nesvorny et al. 2003). The perturbations are most intense when the satellite is near apoapsis. High inclination orbits have been found through numerical simulations to be unstable due to solar perturbations (C ...
What did we learn from transiting planets?
... • Petigura et al. 2013, ApJ, based on Kepler: “We find that 15.1^{+1.8}_{-2.7}% of solar type stars—roughly one in six—has a 1-2 R_E planet with P = 5-50 days. “ • Petigura et al. 2013, PNAS, based on Kepler: “Extrapolating, one finds 5.7^{+1.7}_{-2.2}% of Sun-like stars harbor an Earth-size planet ...
... • Petigura et al. 2013, ApJ, based on Kepler: “We find that 15.1^{+1.8}_{-2.7}% of solar type stars—roughly one in six—has a 1-2 R_E planet with P = 5-50 days. “ • Petigura et al. 2013, PNAS, based on Kepler: “Extrapolating, one finds 5.7^{+1.7}_{-2.2}% of Sun-like stars harbor an Earth-size planet ...
New brown dwarfs and giant planets
... than type L8 M(J) ~0.3 mag brighter than Gl 229B (1000K) --> dM(bol) ~ 1 mag similar diameters --> dT ~ 25% ---> T(L8) ~ 1250K ...
... than type L8 M(J) ~0.3 mag brighter than Gl 229B (1000K) --> dM(bol) ~ 1 mag similar diameters --> dT ~ 25% ---> T(L8) ~ 1250K ...
Updated IAA RAS Planetary Ephemerides
... the Moon itself. The Moon’s orbit is subject to perturbations from the asphericity of the gravitational potentials of the Earth and the Moon, which makes it necessary to characterize the positions of the equators of the Earth and the Moon with respect to an inertial coordinate system (i.e., take int ...
... the Moon itself. The Moon’s orbit is subject to perturbations from the asphericity of the gravitational potentials of the Earth and the Moon, which makes it necessary to characterize the positions of the equators of the Earth and the Moon with respect to an inertial coordinate system (i.e., take int ...
M sin i
... 1. The high metallicities are primordial, and favor the formation of planets simply because there is more heavy material for them. 2. The high metallicities are primordial and make it more probable that the planets migrate, making them easier to detect. 3. The high metallicities are a result of poll ...
... 1. The high metallicities are primordial, and favor the formation of planets simply because there is more heavy material for them. 2. The high metallicities are primordial and make it more probable that the planets migrate, making them easier to detect. 3. The high metallicities are a result of poll ...
Solar System evolution from compositional mapping of the asteroid
... built, our Solar System has the advantage of detail. For nearly two centuries since their first discovery, asteroids have been viewed as remnants of planetary formation. Located between Mars and Jupiter in the main asteroid belt (Fig. 1), they were thought to have formed essentially where they now a ...
... built, our Solar System has the advantage of detail. For nearly two centuries since their first discovery, asteroids have been viewed as remnants of planetary formation. Located between Mars and Jupiter in the main asteroid belt (Fig. 1), they were thought to have formed essentially where they now a ...
On the definition and use of the ecliptic in
... Celestial Reference system (ICRS) by the IAU since 1998 and the IAU resolutions on reference systems that were adopted between 2000 and 2009. These correspond to major improvements in concepts and realizations of astronomical reference systems, in the use of observational data and the accuracy of th ...
... Celestial Reference system (ICRS) by the IAU since 1998 and the IAU resolutions on reference systems that were adopted between 2000 and 2009. These correspond to major improvements in concepts and realizations of astronomical reference systems, in the use of observational data and the accuracy of th ...
Dwarf planet
A dwarf planet is a planetary-mass object that is neither a planet nor a natural satellite. That is, it is in direct orbit of the Sun, and is massive enough for its shape to be in hydrostatic equilibrium under its own gravity, but has not cleared the neighborhood around its orbit.The term dwarf planet was adopted in 2006 as part of a three-way categorization of bodies orbiting the Sun, brought about by an increase in discoveries of objects farther away from the Sun than Neptune that rivaled Pluto in size, and finally precipitated by the discovery of an even more massive object, Eris. The exclusion of dwarf planets from the roster of planets by the IAU has been both praised and criticized; it was said to be the ""right decision"" by astronomer Mike Brown, who discovered Eris and other new dwarf planets, but has been rejected by Alan Stern, who had coined the term dwarf planet in 1990.The International Astronomical Union (IAU) currently recognizes five dwarf planets: Ceres, Pluto, Haumea, Makemake, and Eris. Brown criticizes this official recognition: ""A reasonable person might think that this means that there are five known objects in the solar system which fit the IAU definition of dwarf planet, but this reasonable person would be nowhere close to correct.""It is suspected that another hundred or so known objects in the Solar System are dwarf planets. Estimates are that up to 200 dwarf planets may be found when the entire region known as the Kuiper belt is explored, and that the number may exceed 10,000 when objects scattered outside the Kuiper belt are considered. Individual astronomers recognize several of these, and in August 2011 Mike Brown published a list of 390 candidate objects, ranging from ""nearly certain"" to ""possible"" dwarf planets. Brown currently identifies eleven known objects – the five accepted by the IAU plus 2007 OR10, Quaoar, Sedna, Orcus, 2002 MS4 and Salacia – as ""virtually certain"", with another dozen highly likely. Stern states that there are more than a dozen known dwarf planets.However, only two of these bodies, Ceres and Pluto, have been observed in enough detail to demonstrate that they actually fit the IAU's definition. The IAU accepted Eris as a dwarf planet because it is more massive than Pluto. They subsequently decided that unnamed trans-Neptunian objects with an absolute magnitude brighter than +1 (and hence a diameter of ≥838 km assuming a geometric albedo of ≤1) are to be named under the assumption that they are dwarf planets. The only two such objects known at the time, Makemake and Haumea, went through this naming procedure and were declared to be dwarf planets. The question of whether other likely objects are dwarf planets has never been addressed by the IAU. The classification of bodies in other planetary systems with the characteristics of dwarf planets has not been addressed.