Workers` Remittances and Borrowing Constraints in Recipient
... An issue of globalization and migratory flows is the development of workers’ remittances. These currency transfers sent by migrants to their family stayed in the home country are exponentially growing and have reached significant levels, particularly at the scale of GDP in developing countries. Acco ...
... An issue of globalization and migratory flows is the development of workers’ remittances. These currency transfers sent by migrants to their family stayed in the home country are exponentially growing and have reached significant levels, particularly at the scale of GDP in developing countries. Acco ...
Online intermediaries - EU Growth Engines
... policy framework, we therefore argue that it is essential to preserve the limited liability regime governing online intermediaries in the EU in order to underpin the economic growth generated by online intermediaries and to strengthen their facilitating abilities to support the European economy. Con ...
... policy framework, we therefore argue that it is essential to preserve the limited liability regime governing online intermediaries in the EU in order to underpin the economic growth generated by online intermediaries and to strengthen their facilitating abilities to support the European economy. Con ...
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... Strategic Analysis on Logistics and Public Information Sharing Platform of Hubei Province of China ...
... Strategic Analysis on Logistics and Public Information Sharing Platform of Hubei Province of China ...
Chapter 2—The Economy: Myth and Reality
... a. has just begun to move in that direction after years of central planning. b. has gone further in that direction than almost any other country. c. is becoming more “free,” but is not as capitalistic as many others. d. is considering a major change to “free up” its economy as many others have. e. i ...
... a. has just begun to move in that direction after years of central planning. b. has gone further in that direction than almost any other country. c. is becoming more “free,” but is not as capitalistic as many others. d. is considering a major change to “free up” its economy as many others have. e. i ...
- TestbankU
... a. has just begun to move in that direction after years of central planning. b. has gone further in that direction than almost any other country. c. is becoming more "free," but is not as capitalistic as many others. d. is considering a major change to "free up" its economy as many others have. e. i ...
... a. has just begun to move in that direction after years of central planning. b. has gone further in that direction than almost any other country. c. is becoming more "free," but is not as capitalistic as many others. d. is considering a major change to "free up" its economy as many others have. e. i ...
Informal Economy Literature Review
... businesses, and a decline in male labor force participation—has changed the way people are connected to the labor market. Scholars began to examine how these changes affected personal employment decisions. At the same time there was heightened interest in the extent to which informal economic activi ...
... businesses, and a decline in male labor force participation—has changed the way people are connected to the labor market. Scholars began to examine how these changes affected personal employment decisions. At the same time there was heightened interest in the extent to which informal economic activi ...
The National Informal Economy Policy 2011-2015
... Since 1975, the Preamble to our national Constitution has acknowledged informal economic activity as being one of the 'Papua New Guinean ways' of achieving development. However, until the passing of the Informal Sector Development and Control Act 2004 there was no further legislative expression of t ...
... Since 1975, the Preamble to our national Constitution has acknowledged informal economic activity as being one of the 'Papua New Guinean ways' of achieving development. However, until the passing of the Informal Sector Development and Control Act 2004 there was no further legislative expression of t ...
Business Cycle Accounting - Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis
... Our method has two components: an equivalence result and an accounting procedure. The equivalence result is that a large class of models, including models with various types of frictions, are equivalent to a prototype model with various types of time-varying wedges that distort the equilibrium decis ...
... Our method has two components: an equivalence result and an accounting procedure. The equivalence result is that a large class of models, including models with various types of frictions, are equivalent to a prototype model with various types of time-varying wedges that distort the equilibrium decis ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES BUSINESS CYCLE ACCOUNTING V.V. Chari Patrick J. Kehoe
... Our method has two components: an equivalence result and an accounting procedure. The equivalence result is that a large class of models, including models with various types of frictions, are equivalent to a prototype model with various types of time-varying wedges that distort the equilibrium decis ...
... Our method has two components: an equivalence result and an accounting procedure. The equivalence result is that a large class of models, including models with various types of frictions, are equivalent to a prototype model with various types of time-varying wedges that distort the equilibrium decis ...
Business Cycle Accounting
... We extend our analysis to the entire postwar period by developing some summary statistics for 1959–2004. The statistics we focus on are the output fluctuations induced by each wedge alone and the correlations between those fluctuations and those actually in the data. Our findings from these statisti ...
... We extend our analysis to the entire postwar period by developing some summary statistics for 1959–2004. The statistics we focus on are the output fluctuations induced by each wedge alone and the correlations between those fluctuations and those actually in the data. Our findings from these statisti ...
Chapter 2 The Economic Problem: Scarcity, and Choice
... 55) Refer to Figure 2.5. The economy is currently at Point A. The opportunity cost of moving from Point A to Point B is the A) 60 desktop computers that must be forgone to produce 10 additional laptop computers. B) 20 desktop computers that must be forgone to produce 30 additional laptop computers. ...
... 55) Refer to Figure 2.5. The economy is currently at Point A. The opportunity cost of moving from Point A to Point B is the A) 60 desktop computers that must be forgone to produce 10 additional laptop computers. B) 20 desktop computers that must be forgone to produce 30 additional laptop computers. ...
The Shadow Economy and Work in the Shadow: What Do We
... 3. to avoid having to meet certain legal labor market standards, such as minimum wages, maximum working hours, safety standards, etc., and 4. to avoid complying with certain administrative obligations, such as completing statistical questionnaires or other administrative forms. Thus, I will not deal ...
... 3. to avoid having to meet certain legal labor market standards, such as minimum wages, maximum working hours, safety standards, etc., and 4. to avoid complying with certain administrative obligations, such as completing statistical questionnaires or other administrative forms. Thus, I will not deal ...
Knowledge sharing: A review and directions for future research
... A number of cultural dimensions that likely influence knowledge sharing have been identified, but trust has attracted the most research attention. A culture that emphasizes trust has been found to help alleviate the negative effect of perceived costs on sharing (Kankanhalli, Tan, & Wei, 2005). It has ...
... A number of cultural dimensions that likely influence knowledge sharing have been identified, but trust has attracted the most research attention. A culture that emphasizes trust has been found to help alleviate the negative effect of perceived costs on sharing (Kankanhalli, Tan, & Wei, 2005). It has ...
Slides 2
... We also include the three main types of taxes (taxes on consumption, capital income and labor income).Inspection of (9a-b) implies that, in each time period, there are nine policy instruments (Gtg , Gtw , Gttr , p , Gttr , b , tc , tk , tl , Bt 1 , N tb ) out of which one needs to adjust to sati ...
... We also include the three main types of taxes (taxes on consumption, capital income and labor income).Inspection of (9a-b) implies that, in each time period, there are nine policy instruments (Gtg , Gtw , Gttr , p , Gttr , b , tc , tk , tl , Bt 1 , N tb ) out of which one needs to adjust to sati ...
Shadow Economies and Corruption All Over the World: New
... An increase of the shadow economy can lead to reduced state revenues which in turn reduce the quality and quantity of publicly provided goods and services. Ultimately, this can lead to an increase in the tax rates for firms and individuals in the official sector, quite often combined with a deterior ...
... An increase of the shadow economy can lead to reduced state revenues which in turn reduce the quality and quantity of publicly provided goods and services. Ultimately, this can lead to an increase in the tax rates for firms and individuals in the official sector, quite often combined with a deterior ...
ESTIMATING INFORMAL ECONOMY SHARE IN RUSSIAN REGIONS
... data is available from Rosstat with high level of details (regional, industrial dimensions). The simplest modification of electricity approach is called “Electricity consumption model” (ECM). It implies that total electricity consumption has a constant elasticity (usually unitary) to the total econo ...
... data is available from Rosstat with high level of details (regional, industrial dimensions). The simplest modification of electricity approach is called “Electricity consumption model” (ECM). It implies that total electricity consumption has a constant elasticity (usually unitary) to the total econo ...
Shadow Economies: Size, Causes, and Consequences
... demand approaches. The estimates for some of these countries (Nigeria, Egypt, and Thailand) show an underground sector that is nearly three-quarters the size of officially recorded GDP. In many countries, especially in Central and South America, the size is onequarter to one-third of GNP. In Asian c ...
... demand approaches. The estimates for some of these countries (Nigeria, Egypt, and Thailand) show an underground sector that is nearly three-quarters the size of officially recorded GDP. In many countries, especially in Central and South America, the size is onequarter to one-third of GNP. In Asian c ...
Economics and Political Economy
... Egypt have higher incentives to engage in informal activities in order to evade taxes and to reduce production costs to be able to sell their products at lower prices given the competition in the shadow and official economy. Moreover, the government burden the people with high tax rates to finance i ...
... Egypt have higher incentives to engage in informal activities in order to evade taxes and to reduce production costs to be able to sell their products at lower prices given the competition in the shadow and official economy. Moreover, the government burden the people with high tax rates to finance i ...
The underground economy is a general name for many kinds of
... services. Statistics Canada is not particularly interested in activity that does not give rise to final product. Yet crime can occur throughout the stages of production. Flea markets and sales of second hand goods do not appear in the national accounts, but their magnitudes may well be of significan ...
... services. Statistics Canada is not particularly interested in activity that does not give rise to final product. Yet crime can occur throughout the stages of production. Flea markets and sales of second hand goods do not appear in the national accounts, but their magnitudes may well be of significan ...
PDF Download
... Labor markets were relaxed as Egyptians could freely work abroad and foreigners were encouraged to invest in Egypt. Liberalization, under the Open Door policy, favored mostly the wealthy elites Egypt, e.g. by granting major tax exceptions and marginal tax reductions. However, the economic performanc ...
... Labor markets were relaxed as Egyptians could freely work abroad and foreigners were encouraged to invest in Egypt. Liberalization, under the Open Door policy, favored mostly the wealthy elites Egypt, e.g. by granting major tax exceptions and marginal tax reductions. However, the economic performanc ...
Shadow Economies all over the World: New Estimates for 162
... As shadow economic activities are facts of life around the world, most societies attempt to control these activities through various measures like punishment, prosecution, economic growth or education. To gather information about the extent of the shadow economy or who is engaged in underground acti ...
... As shadow economic activities are facts of life around the world, most societies attempt to control these activities through various measures like punishment, prosecution, economic growth or education. To gather information about the extent of the shadow economy or who is engaged in underground acti ...
Corruption and the shadow economy: like oil and vinegar, like water
... Abstract From a theoretical point of view, the relationship between corruption and the shadow economy is ambiguous: They can either be substitutes or complements. This paper contributes to this debate by using a structural equation model with two latent variables to extract information on various di ...
... Abstract From a theoretical point of view, the relationship between corruption and the shadow economy is ambiguous: They can either be substitutes or complements. This paper contributes to this debate by using a structural equation model with two latent variables to extract information on various di ...
17 (MACRO) plus extra stuff - Cameron School of Business
... Real GDP is a measure of output, expenditure or income expressed in values in a base year rather than in current prices. As such, real GDP measures actual physical volume of output. Nominal GDP values GDP at current prices and as such measures the current dollar value of production. Which is a bette ...
... Real GDP is a measure of output, expenditure or income expressed in values in a base year rather than in current prices. As such, real GDP measures actual physical volume of output. Nominal GDP values GDP at current prices and as such measures the current dollar value of production. Which is a bette ...
National Bank of the Republic of Macedonia
... We define the unrecorded economy as market based economic activity, which is not included in the official figures for the Gross Domestic Product, which occurs due to tax “burden”, cumbersome business regulation or lack of trust in the authorities. Unrecorded employment is then the employment which i ...
... We define the unrecorded economy as market based economic activity, which is not included in the official figures for the Gross Domestic Product, which occurs due to tax “burden”, cumbersome business regulation or lack of trust in the authorities. Unrecorded employment is then the employment which i ...
Sri Lanka is a small island , about 270 miles long and 150 miles as
... imports of capital goods and raw materials leading to increased overall import dependence. Moreover, the growth dynamism of the newly established industrial sector was closely determined by performance of the traditional export industries like tea, rubber, and coconut . From the late 1960s, foreign ...
... imports of capital goods and raw materials leading to increased overall import dependence. Moreover, the growth dynamism of the newly established industrial sector was closely determined by performance of the traditional export industries like tea, rubber, and coconut . From the late 1960s, foreign ...
Sharing economy
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A sharing economy can take a variety of forms, including using information technology to provide individuals, corporations, non-profits and governments with information that enables the optimization of resources through the redistribution, sharing and reuse of excess capacity in goods and services. A common premise is that when information about goods is shared (typically via an online marketplace), the value of those goods may increase for the business, for individuals, for the community and for society in general.Collaborative consumption as a phenomenon is a class of economic arrangements in which participants share access to products or services, rather than having individual ownership.The collaborative consumption model is used in online marketplaces such as eBay as well as emerging sectors such as social lending, peer-to-peer accommodation, peer-to-peer travel experiences, peer-to-peer task assignments or travel advising, car sharing or commute-bus sharing.