Locating hydrothermal acoustic sources at Old Faithful Geyser using
... the replica vector since we expect to retrieve a local source for which the geophone array is located at one or two wavelengths away from the source. In this case, the separation between Rayleigh waves and body waves is not effective and wave propagation can be modelled by a velocity c that depends ...
... the replica vector since we expect to retrieve a local source for which the geophone array is located at one or two wavelengths away from the source. In this case, the separation between Rayleigh waves and body waves is not effective and wave propagation can be modelled by a velocity c that depends ...
Extremely thin crust in the Indian Ocean possibly resulting from
... P-wave velocity in the sediments and crust accurately, particularly given the seafloor and sediments are nearly flat and therefore 1-D approximation used in analysis is valid (Fig. 5). The velocity in the turbiditic sediments varies from 1.8 to 3.3 km s−1 , lower than that suggested by Dean et al. ( ...
... P-wave velocity in the sediments and crust accurately, particularly given the seafloor and sediments are nearly flat and therefore 1-D approximation used in analysis is valid (Fig. 5). The velocity in the turbiditic sediments varies from 1.8 to 3.3 km s−1 , lower than that suggested by Dean et al. ( ...
Seismology - Università degli studi di Trieste
... Given the arrival times and amplitudes of several seismic phases on a number of stations, compute distribution of velocity, density and attenuation coefficient with depth, and positions of all discontinuities. This is very difficult and often does not give a unique solution. Instead, a range of solu ...
... Given the arrival times and amplitudes of several seismic phases on a number of stations, compute distribution of velocity, density and attenuation coefficient with depth, and positions of all discontinuities. This is very difficult and often does not give a unique solution. Instead, a range of solu ...
Oregon State University | College of Oceanic and Atmospheric
... Seismicity is relatively high in both the overriding North American and underthrust Juan de Fuca/Gorda plates in northwestern Washington, where the Siletz terrane is thinner, and in northern California, where the Siletz terrane is absent and the forearc is floored by the Paleozoic-age Klamath block ...
... Seismicity is relatively high in both the overriding North American and underthrust Juan de Fuca/Gorda plates in northwestern Washington, where the Siletz terrane is thinner, and in northern California, where the Siletz terrane is absent and the forearc is floored by the Paleozoic-age Klamath block ...
Mantle convection in the Middle East_ Reconciling Afar upwelling
... the Ethiopian–Yemen dome, extending north toward the Red Sea, up to Arabia and the Middle East (Figs. 2 and S1). Whether the Afar and Arabian low velocity zones are rooted in the lower mantle, and, more specifically, whether they are connected to the deep mantle, African low shear velocity anomaly, a ...
... the Ethiopian–Yemen dome, extending north toward the Red Sea, up to Arabia and the Middle East (Figs. 2 and S1). Whether the Afar and Arabian low velocity zones are rooted in the lower mantle, and, more specifically, whether they are connected to the deep mantle, African low shear velocity anomaly, a ...
Mantle convection in the Middle East: Reconciling Afar - HAL-Insu
... in the remarkable geomorphic features indicating rapid and recent vertical motions. High plateaux are diffuse within the system from the Ethiopia–Arabian dome to the Turkish– Iranian plateau, both standing at ∼2 km elevation (Şengör et al., 2003). In contrast, subsiding regions are found behind the ...
... in the remarkable geomorphic features indicating rapid and recent vertical motions. High plateaux are diffuse within the system from the Ethiopia–Arabian dome to the Turkish– Iranian plateau, both standing at ∼2 km elevation (Şengör et al., 2003). In contrast, subsiding regions are found behind the ...
Thermal and chemical structure at the bottom of the lower mantle
... shallower than –2.8 and probably around –2. This slope is shallower than that of Itokawa boulders of 5 to 30 m (–3.1 T 0.1) (12). If transition of the slope from about –3 to –2 occurs at the mm- to cm-sized region, then we can explain the observation of abundant mm- to cm-sized regolith (2). The lac ...
... shallower than –2.8 and probably around –2. This slope is shallower than that of Itokawa boulders of 5 to 30 m (–3.1 T 0.1) (12). If transition of the slope from about –3 to –2 occurs at the mm- to cm-sized region, then we can explain the observation of abundant mm- to cm-sized regolith (2). The lac ...
Science Article PDF - Geological Society of America
... track, as expected for relatively hot mantle at that depth, and an upwarped 410 km discontinuity, indicative of relatively cool mantle at this depth; and (3) anisotropic mantle with a preferred northeast orientation of olivine a axis, consistent with the strain expected for both plate motion and hot ...
... track, as expected for relatively hot mantle at that depth, and an upwarped 410 km discontinuity, indicative of relatively cool mantle at this depth; and (3) anisotropic mantle with a preferred northeast orientation of olivine a axis, consistent with the strain expected for both plate motion and hot ...
Alteration of the subducting oceanic lithosphere at the southern
... shows P wave velocities typical for mature fast spreading crust in the seaward section of the profile, with uppermost mantle velocities as fast as 8.3 km/s. Approaching the Chile trench, seismic velocities are significantly reduced, however, suggesting that the structures of both the oceanic crust ...
... shows P wave velocities typical for mature fast spreading crust in the seaward section of the profile, with uppermost mantle velocities as fast as 8.3 km/s. Approaching the Chile trench, seismic velocities are significantly reduced, however, suggesting that the structures of both the oceanic crust ...
Earthquakes
... difference between the arrival times of the P waves and S waves. – The longer the time difference, the further the epicenter is from the seismograph station. ...
... difference between the arrival times of the P waves and S waves. – The longer the time difference, the further the epicenter is from the seismograph station. ...
Earthquakes
... difference between the arrival times of the P waves and S waves. – The longer the time difference, the further the epicenter is from the seismograph station. ...
... difference between the arrival times of the P waves and S waves. – The longer the time difference, the further the epicenter is from the seismograph station. ...
Earthquakes
... difference between the arrival times of the P waves and S waves. – The longer the time difference, the further the epicenter is from the seismograph station. ...
... difference between the arrival times of the P waves and S waves. – The longer the time difference, the further the epicenter is from the seismograph station. ...
The Moho in subduction zones - Earth and Space Sciences at the
... and second with the overriding plate. The seismic expression of both forms is linked to the nature of a landward dipping, low-velocity zone (LVZ) that has been detected in a majority of subduction zones about the globe and that approximately coincides with Wadati–Benioff seismicity. We review seismi ...
... and second with the overriding plate. The seismic expression of both forms is linked to the nature of a landward dipping, low-velocity zone (LVZ) that has been detected in a majority of subduction zones about the globe and that approximately coincides with Wadati–Benioff seismicity. We review seismi ...
Dynamic lithosphere within the Great Basin
... within the western US, it seems unlikely given that relatively higher velocities are evident in almost all of the tomographic images of the region. Further, it does not provide an explanation for the low-shear wave splitting times observed within the central Great Basin. ...
... within the western US, it seems unlikely given that relatively higher velocities are evident in almost all of the tomographic images of the region. Further, it does not provide an explanation for the low-shear wave splitting times observed within the central Great Basin. ...
Composition of the crust and upper-mantle in the central Andes (19
... It consisted in 7 grid layers from the surface down to 220 km. The horizontal grids were centered on 19830 0 S, with a 18 grid spacing in latitude. In longitude, the grid spacing was not regular, in order to account for ray paths density; it was half a degree from 658W to 678W and third of a degree ...
... It consisted in 7 grid layers from the surface down to 220 km. The horizontal grids were centered on 19830 0 S, with a 18 grid spacing in latitude. In longitude, the grid spacing was not regular, in order to account for ray paths density; it was half a degree from 658W to 678W and third of a degree ...
Crystallographic Anisotropy Control of n-type Bi-Te
... merit at room temperature. Since the thermoelectric properties along the a-axis is superior to those along the c-axis, the single crystal has a preferred anisotropy to increase the thermoelectric properties.3,4) The polycrystalline material fabricated via the conventional sintering method has homoge ...
... merit at room temperature. Since the thermoelectric properties along the a-axis is superior to those along the c-axis, the single crystal has a preferred anisotropy to increase the thermoelectric properties.3,4) The polycrystalline material fabricated via the conventional sintering method has homoge ...
Slide 1
... provided scientists with a wealth of data on earthquakes. Some earthquakes occur in the interior of plates, far away from plate boundaries. As a plate moves, it undergoes deformation. The resulting stresses are released as earthquakes. ...
... provided scientists with a wealth of data on earthquakes. Some earthquakes occur in the interior of plates, far away from plate boundaries. As a plate moves, it undergoes deformation. The resulting stresses are released as earthquakes. ...
Chapter 22: Section 5
... provided scientists with a wealth of data on earthquakes. Some earthquakes occur in the interior of plates, far away from plate boundaries. As a plate moves, it undergoes deformation. The resulting stresses are released as earthquakes. ...
... provided scientists with a wealth of data on earthquakes. Some earthquakes occur in the interior of plates, far away from plate boundaries. As a plate moves, it undergoes deformation. The resulting stresses are released as earthquakes. ...
Geodynamical interpretation of crustal and upper mantle electrical conductivity
... of anomalous low-velocity mantle beneath the Sayan-Baikal province. The depth of its top remained poorly constrained because of low resolution of the method, and it might be delineated by the DSS-inferred low boundary velocities on the Moho (Zorin et al., 1989). In this respect an important question ...
... of anomalous low-velocity mantle beneath the Sayan-Baikal province. The depth of its top remained poorly constrained because of low resolution of the method, and it might be delineated by the DSS-inferred low boundary velocities on the Moho (Zorin et al., 1989). In this respect an important question ...
SeiSmological grand challengeS in UnderStanding earth`S
... and anyone can openly access many seismological data archives. Seismologists “keep their ear” on Earth’s internal systems, listening for signals arising from both natural and human-made energy sources distributed around the globe. These seismic signals contain a wealth of information that enables se ...
... and anyone can openly access many seismological data archives. Seismologists “keep their ear” on Earth’s internal systems, listening for signals arising from both natural and human-made energy sources distributed around the globe. These seismic signals contain a wealth of information that enables se ...
Defect accumulation behaviour in hcp metals and alloys - PolyU
... play a role on the macroscopic behaviour of irradiated materials due to damage accumulation through the kinetics of the reactions among the point defects and their clusters with the existing microstructure. Historically, the understanding of macroscopic behaviour of materials due to damage accumulat ...
... play a role on the macroscopic behaviour of irradiated materials due to damage accumulation through the kinetics of the reactions among the point defects and their clusters with the existing microstructure. Historically, the understanding of macroscopic behaviour of materials due to damage accumulat ...
Seismicity and Earth`s Interior - North Coast Distance Education
... Earthquakes pose a significant threat to much of the world’s population. On average, several tens of thousands of people die each year because of large earthquakes. Figure 18.6 shows the expected probability of earthquakes in the conterminous United States. The principal areas exposed to earthquake ...
... Earthquakes pose a significant threat to much of the world’s population. On average, several tens of thousands of people die each year because of large earthquakes. Figure 18.6 shows the expected probability of earthquakes in the conterminous United States. The principal areas exposed to earthquake ...
Worldwide distribution of ages of the continental lithosphere derived
... geophysical and geological data. Pollack (1986) considered that the extraction of volatiles from the lithosphere had an essential role in the stabilization of cratons by increasing the solidus and increasing the stiffness of the residual mantle. Pollack (1986) and Artemieva (2006) presented crustal ...
... geophysical and geological data. Pollack (1986) considered that the extraction of volatiles from the lithosphere had an essential role in the stabilization of cratons by increasing the solidus and increasing the stiffness of the residual mantle. Pollack (1986) and Artemieva (2006) presented crustal ...
Volcanism in the Afar Rift sustained by decompression melting with
... (8% velocity increase) of the observed phase (Fig. 3). One per cent melt retention assumes strong melt-buoyancy effects, which have been previously proposed for mid-ocean ridges21 and are also probably required beneath Afar. Previous surface-wave, body-wave and receiver-function results have similar ...
... (8% velocity increase) of the observed phase (Fig. 3). One per cent melt retention assumes strong melt-buoyancy effects, which have been previously proposed for mid-ocean ridges21 and are also probably required beneath Afar. Previous surface-wave, body-wave and receiver-function results have similar ...
Seismic crustal structure between the Transylvanian
... intermediate depths, which is concentrated in the Vrancea area of the southeastern Carpathian bend (Fig. 1; Fuchs et al., 1979; Oncescu et al., 1998). While the shallow seismic activity scatters widely and has moderate magnitudes (Mw b 5.6), the epicentral region of the intermediate depth seismicity ...
... intermediate depths, which is concentrated in the Vrancea area of the southeastern Carpathian bend (Fig. 1; Fuchs et al., 1979; Oncescu et al., 1998). While the shallow seismic activity scatters widely and has moderate magnitudes (Mw b 5.6), the epicentral region of the intermediate depth seismicity ...