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Genetic Variation
Genetic Variation

... A and T can only bond with each other G and C can only bond with each other When four bases bond together in a long chain they form a double helix (ladder) Typical DNA molecule may be about 5 cm long ...
RNA-Seq is a sequencing technique applied to transcript analysis
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... next-generation sequencing technology, and can be applied to the study of gene expression. Since the development of next-generation sequencing technology, RNA-Seq data are generally considered to have advantages over conventional microarray (microarray) gene expression data, including the large dyna ...
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Transcription – Part II
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... 1. What are the components of a eukaryotic promoter? What are the functions of a promoter? Understand what is meant by Upstream and Downstream from a Promoter. What are UASs? 2. What is the role of the Generalized Transcription Factors? 3. Describe initiation of transcription in eukaryotes. Be sure ...
finalexamcrib201213NED 33.5 KB
finalexamcrib201213NED 33.5 KB

... 3) Euchromatin vs heterochromatin: where or in which are genes actively transcribed? 4) Physical diffs b/w heterochromatin and euchromatin: structure, packing, visibility at stages of mitosis. 5) Primary purpose of genetic control: efficiency in transcript expression to product. 6) Requirements to a ...
BIO-2015 - Odisha JEE
BIO-2015 - Odisha JEE

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... vitro substrate for MAP kinases such as ERK1. TAL2 polypeptides interact in vivo with the E2A gene products to form HLH heterodimers that bind DNA, the result is the E2A inactivation. The E2A products are transcriptional factors implicated in the B and T cell development. TAL2 product was also shown ...
Chapter 11 Notes
Chapter 11 Notes

... o Each daughter cell contains half the number of chromosomes as the original cell Although they sound the same, meiosis and mitosis are different. Mitosis makes two identical cells. These cells are exactly like the parent cell. Meiosis, however, forms four cells. Each cell has only half the number o ...
Epigenetics: Biologic Targets, Biomarkers and Role in Disease
Epigenetics: Biologic Targets, Biomarkers and Role in Disease

... between individuals of each species, epigenetic variation accounts for the vast differences in function and appearance of tissues in each multicellular organism. Epigenetic regulation includes chromatin organization and modification of histone tails to provide a “code” for the expression or silencin ...
MITOCHONDRIA BIOLOGY - web.biosci.utexas.edu
MITOCHONDRIA BIOLOGY - web.biosci.utexas.edu

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Inheritance and Genetic Diseases
Inheritance and Genetic Diseases

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... The coincidence of these changes in lymphocytes and brain supports the hypothesis that common environmental or genetic risk factors are operative in altering the epigenetic components involved in orchestrating transcription of specific genes in brain and peripheral tissues. The identification of DNA ...
TEACHER NOTES AND ANSWERS Section 7.1
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... Autosomes—all chromosomes other than sex chromosomes; do not directly determine an organism’s sex Autosomal gene expression—two alleles that interact to produce a phenotypic trait; Inheritance of autosomes—Punnett square should demonstrate that inheritance occurs according to Mendel’s rules, one all ...
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... express the normal gene, engineered cells will supply the missing protein, patient will be cured. • Ex:Treatment of infants with SCID. But it was halted- they got leukemia symptoms. ...
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What do STAT proteins transcribe?

... bound together) to exert transcriptional effects in the nucleus. ...
New Title
New Title

... As you read, complete the flowchart below to show protein synthesis. Put the steps of the process in separate boxes in the flowchart in the order in which they occur. Protein Synthesis DNA provides code to form messenger RNA. ...
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point of view that is personal rather than scientific

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The Kruppel-Like Factor 14 (KLF14)
The Kruppel-Like Factor 14 (KLF14)

... and the third, and most successful wave of discovery has been driven by systematic, large-scale surveys of association between common DNA sequence variants and disease [6]. McCarthy showed in a review on “Genomics, Type 2 Diabetes, and Obesity” that there were 67 (sixty seven) genomic locations of p ...
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Epigenetics of human development

Development before birth, including gametogenesis, embryogenesis, and fetal development, is the process of body development from the gametes are formed to eventually combine into a zygote to when the fully developed organism exits the uterus. Epigenetic processes are vital to fetal development due to the need to differentiate from a single cell to a variety of cell types that are arranged in such a way to produce cohesive tissues, organs, and systems.Epigenetic modifications such as methylation of CpGs (a dinucleotide composed of a 2'-deoxycytosine and a 2' deoxyguanosine) and histone tail modifications allow activation or repression of certain genes within a cell, in order to create cell memory either in favor of using a gene or not using a gene. These modifications can either originate from the parental DNA, or can be added to the gene by various proteins and can contribute to differentiation. Processes that alter the epigenetic profile of a gene include production of activating or repressing protein complexes, usage of non-coding RNAs to guide proteins capable of modification, and the proliferation of a signal by having protein complexes attract either another protein complex or more DNA in order to modify other locations in the gene.
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