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Methylation
Methylation

... 5-methylcytosine • Occurs on CpG sequences • CpG is under-represented in the genome • CpG is over-represented near promoter sequences • reset at fertilization and established early in embryogenesis ...
lecture 3 notes
lecture 3 notes

Dominant-Recessive Inheritance
Dominant-Recessive Inheritance

... during meiosis I • Alleles on different pairs of homologous ...
Molecular_Genetic_Characterization[1]
Molecular_Genetic_Characterization[1]

... Since photoperiod is a critical factor in strawberry production, it is of great importance to understand its molecular mechanism. Such description will help in the design of molecular markers to aid cultivar improvement via traditional breeding, and their characterization will permit development of ...
Biobowl 3
Biobowl 3

... 3. In general, the division of the cytoplasm, known as _______, occurs during telophase of mitosis. 4. In animals, meiosis produces ______ (name of the life cycle stage). 5. During prophase I of meiosis, a unique event occurs that results in the formation of recombinant chromosomes. This event is te ...
sheet_29
sheet_29

... fibrosis, etc…) but also common adult diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, many cancers, and many psychiatric disorders. ●so, why should we care about genetic diseases?  Simply because genetic diseases are much more prevalent than we think they are, genetic diseases can be as prevalent as thre ...
Protein Synthesis
Protein Synthesis

... pair substitution- changes one base for another  Silent- base pair substitution that gives the same amino acid, allowing for the protein to form  Insertion- bases are added  Deletion- bases are deleted  Frameshift- an insertion or deletion that alters the codon reading, always occurs with insert ...
5-Sex linked - Science-with
5-Sex linked - Science-with

... • the X chromosome carries between 100 and 200 genes • the Y chromosome carries less than 100 genes disorders that require two recessive alleles, one on each X chromosome only need to be present once in males. • this is why some sex linked disorders occur more frequently in males. • examples: colour ...
What is Biopsychology? Chapter 1
What is Biopsychology? Chapter 1

...  Order of these nucleotides determines genetic code. ...
Female Genitourinary System
Female Genitourinary System

...  a. Genes not equal in strength  b. Stronger gene produces an observable trait; called dominant  c. Weaker gene; trait not seen; called recessive. Ex. brown eye color dominant over blue.  F1 generation always dominant  F2 generation produces both dominant & recessive traits ...
Scientists Discover Genes Responsible for Blood Stem
Scientists Discover Genes Responsible for Blood Stem

... Los Angeles, California - Even though the transplantation of blood stem cells, also known as bone marrow, has saved many lives over many decades, the genes that control the number or function of blood stem cells are not fully understood. In a study published in June in Stem Cell Reports, the USC Ste ...
Evolution and Human Survival
Evolution and Human Survival

... allowed our ancestors to survive and to reproduce their genes” (Sagan) • “Accumulation” includes functional and vestigial systems. DNA also an accumulation. • Who were our ancestors who managed to survive and reproduce? • The Selfish Gene: All our systems and strategies are shells for helping our ge ...
HARVARDx | HARPH525T114-G007300_TCPT
HARVARDx | HARPH525T114-G007300_TCPT

... hundreds of thousands of transcripts, or if you have a ChIP-Seq experiment with thousands of peaks, you're going to be computing many, many distances if you look at all the pairs. In the example we've been going through, where we have 22,000 and some genes, there's going to be over 200 million pairs ...
The genetic basis of behavior
The genetic basis of behavior

...  Receptors  Nerve growth factor  Structural proteins (such as muscle)  Enzymes involved in metabolic pathways that synthesize key substances such as neurotransmitters, steroid hormones, eye pigments, etc…  Regulatory proteins that turn other genes on and off ...
Microarray Data Analysis
Microarray Data Analysis

... Housekeeping Controls: The intactness of the biological specimen can be monitored by this. Biotin Control: Successful secondary staining is indicated by a positive hybridization signal from these probe. Negative Controls: This represents measurement of background, non-specific binding or cross-hybri ...
mendelian genetics vocabulary
mendelian genetics vocabulary

... 16. Homozygous: a genotype consisting of two identical alleles of a gene for a particular trait. An individual may be homozygous dominant (AA) or homozygous recessive (aa). Individuals who are homozygous for a trait are also referred to as homozygotes. ...
Gene Expression
Gene Expression

... Transcription is the process of creating RNA from DNA. Transcription occurs in the cell's nucleus. RNA polymerase is the protein molecule that reads the DNA and creates the RNA intermediary. Transcription requires: DNA, RNA polymerase, ribonucleotides, and some ATP for energy. Uracil (U) is substitu ...
Genetics Vocabulary Spring 2011
Genetics Vocabulary Spring 2011

... • An alternative form of a gene (one member of a pair) that is located at a specific position on a specific chromosome ; each for a particular trait • For example, the gene for seed shape in pea plants exists in two forms, one form or allele for round seed shape (R) and the other for wrinkled seed s ...
Revisiting Genetics
Revisiting Genetics

... More on proteins • Proteins are made of different combinations of 20 amino acids. We have over 100,000 proteins that carry out vital functions. • Two proteins can have the same 50 amino acids but in a different order = different function. ...
Epigenetics seminar 9-7-2014
Epigenetics seminar 9-7-2014

... •Nutritional health before pregnancy, during pregnancy & the first 2 years of life has a significant impact on the development of chronic diseases in children, adolescents & adults •Reducing exposure to environmental chemicals, especially those with endocrine disrupting activities during this period ...
SIRT6 and its role in aging - Genetics 564 redirect page
SIRT6 and its role in aging - Genetics 564 redirect page

... Kawahara, T.L., Michishita, E., Adler, A.S., Damian, Mara., Berber, E., Lin, Meihong., McCord, R.A., Ongaigui, K.C., Boxer, L.D., Chang, H.Y., Chua, K.F. (2008). SIRT6 links histone H3 lysine 9 deacetylation to NF-kB-dependent gene expression and organismal life span. Cell 136, 6274. doi: 10.1016/j. ...
Biotech 101 is in Session …… Take your seats …………
Biotech 101 is in Session …… Take your seats …………

... Ye et al. (2000) Science 287: 303-305. ...
Standard S7L3. Students will recognize how biological traits are
Standard S7L3. Students will recognize how biological traits are

... information. Half the number of chromsomes. ...
Chapter 22
Chapter 22

... Retroposons of the viral superfamily are transposons that mobilize via an RNA that does not form an infectious particle. Some retroposons directly resemble retroviruses in their use of LTRs, whereas others do not have LTRs. Other elements can be found that were generated by an RNA-mediated transposi ...
Slide 1 - Indiana University–Purdue University Indianapolis
Slide 1 - Indiana University–Purdue University Indianapolis

... The material of inheritance within the nucleus of a cell is arranged in long strands called chromosomes. On the molecular level the chromosomes are actually nothing more than two long strings of DNA wound together in a spiral-like structure called a double helix. ...
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Epigenetics of human development

Development before birth, including gametogenesis, embryogenesis, and fetal development, is the process of body development from the gametes are formed to eventually combine into a zygote to when the fully developed organism exits the uterus. Epigenetic processes are vital to fetal development due to the need to differentiate from a single cell to a variety of cell types that are arranged in such a way to produce cohesive tissues, organs, and systems.Epigenetic modifications such as methylation of CpGs (a dinucleotide composed of a 2'-deoxycytosine and a 2' deoxyguanosine) and histone tail modifications allow activation or repression of certain genes within a cell, in order to create cell memory either in favor of using a gene or not using a gene. These modifications can either originate from the parental DNA, or can be added to the gene by various proteins and can contribute to differentiation. Processes that alter the epigenetic profile of a gene include production of activating or repressing protein complexes, usage of non-coding RNAs to guide proteins capable of modification, and the proliferation of a signal by having protein complexes attract either another protein complex or more DNA in order to modify other locations in the gene.
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