Expanded social fitness and HamiltonTs rule for kin, kith, and kind
... (1), is closely associated with the process of kin selection, named by Maynard Smith (4). However, they are not the same thing. Inclusive fitness is an accounting method and maximand. Kin selection is a process, and it can be described by other kinds of accounting. The obvious example is the neighbor ...
... (1), is closely associated with the process of kin selection, named by Maynard Smith (4). However, they are not the same thing. Inclusive fitness is an accounting method and maximand. Kin selection is a process, and it can be described by other kinds of accounting. The obvious example is the neighbor ...
Multiple Roles of the Y Chromosome in the Biology of
... It is generally accepted that the sex chromosomes of most animals arose from a couple of homologous autosomes after the acquisition of a dominant sex determination gene[17,18] and that the Y chromosome is the result of the degeneration of one of them[19,20,21]. Its degeneration would be a consequenc ...
... It is generally accepted that the sex chromosomes of most animals arose from a couple of homologous autosomes after the acquisition of a dominant sex determination gene[17,18] and that the Y chromosome is the result of the degeneration of one of them[19,20,21]. Its degeneration would be a consequenc ...
Recent advances in the molecular genetics of congenital
... neither necessary nor suf®cient to cause the disease. Therefore, some individuals carrying a high risk allele of a susceptibility gene may not develop the disease (incomplete penetrance) while other individuals without the susceptibility allele may have the disease (phenocopy). This lack of correlat ...
... neither necessary nor suf®cient to cause the disease. Therefore, some individuals carrying a high risk allele of a susceptibility gene may not develop the disease (incomplete penetrance) while other individuals without the susceptibility allele may have the disease (phenocopy). This lack of correlat ...
lecture - Berkeley MCB
... What democracy, I mean, gene regulation, is really like • Trans-acting factors do not distribute in the nucleus based on the primary sequence of the genome: some factors fail to bind most genes that have sequences waiting for them, and other factors bind a large number of genes that do NOT have seq ...
... What democracy, I mean, gene regulation, is really like • Trans-acting factors do not distribute in the nucleus based on the primary sequence of the genome: some factors fail to bind most genes that have sequences waiting for them, and other factors bind a large number of genes that do NOT have seq ...
Wright`s adaptive landscape versus Fisher`s fundamental theorem
... as in the Fisher and Ford paper above. But, as Provine emphasizes, the real argument in the early 1930s that led to the original rift between Fisher and Wright also turned on the alternative views of selection and drift. Provine makes his case by quoting from Wright (1934, p. 50–51): From the standp ...
... as in the Fisher and Ford paper above. But, as Provine emphasizes, the real argument in the early 1930s that led to the original rift between Fisher and Wright also turned on the alternative views of selection and drift. Provine makes his case by quoting from Wright (1934, p. 50–51): From the standp ...
Polyploidy Enhances F Pollen Sterility Loci
... interactions between pollen sterility loci during pollen mother cell (PMC) meiosis in intersubspecific autotetraploid rice hybrids. Microarray and RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq)-based transcriptome profiling are helpful tools for characterizing molecular aspects of male and female gametophyte development in ...
... interactions between pollen sterility loci during pollen mother cell (PMC) meiosis in intersubspecific autotetraploid rice hybrids. Microarray and RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq)-based transcriptome profiling are helpful tools for characterizing molecular aspects of male and female gametophyte development in ...
Ch 14 summary - OHS General Biology
... o Alternatively, the two alleles may differ, as in the F1 hybrids. 3. If the two alleles at a locus differ, then one, the dominant allele, determines the organism’s appearance. The other, the recessive allele, has no noticeable effect on the organism’s appearance. o In the flower-color example, the ...
... o Alternatively, the two alleles may differ, as in the F1 hybrids. 3. If the two alleles at a locus differ, then one, the dominant allele, determines the organism’s appearance. The other, the recessive allele, has no noticeable effect on the organism’s appearance. o In the flower-color example, the ...
Title Changes in the Concept of "Fitness" in Evolutionary Biology
... interchangeable with "adapted" and "adaptation." What is the difference between "adaptation" and "fitness"? According to Burian, "adaptation" has two primary meanings in evolutionary context: one is "transgenerational alterations of the features and capacities of organisms" that enable the organism ...
... interchangeable with "adapted" and "adaptation." What is the difference between "adaptation" and "fitness"? According to Burian, "adaptation" has two primary meanings in evolutionary context: one is "transgenerational alterations of the features and capacities of organisms" that enable the organism ...
Chapter 14 notes
... o Alternatively, the two alleles may differ, as in the F1 hybrids. 3. If the two alleles at a locus differ, then one, the dominant allele, determines the organism’s appearance. The other, the recessive allele, has no noticeable effect on the organism’s appearance. o In the flower-color example, the ...
... o Alternatively, the two alleles may differ, as in the F1 hybrids. 3. If the two alleles at a locus differ, then one, the dominant allele, determines the organism’s appearance. The other, the recessive allele, has no noticeable effect on the organism’s appearance. o In the flower-color example, the ...
Mutations changes of genetic information
... 1/10000 boys, one third are new mutations in their ancestors (during meiosis) High number of mutations, the most common form is an inversion with 0 activity of factor ...
... 1/10000 boys, one third are new mutations in their ancestors (during meiosis) High number of mutations, the most common form is an inversion with 0 activity of factor ...
Index Data Structure for Fast Subset and Superset Queries
... Given a set of valid conditions the set of fired rules includes those with pre-condition included in this set [6,4]. Finally, in AI planning systems goal sets are used to store goals to be achieved from a given initial state. Planning modules use subset queries in procedure that examines if a given ...
... Given a set of valid conditions the set of fired rules includes those with pre-condition included in this set [6,4]. Finally, in AI planning systems goal sets are used to store goals to be achieved from a given initial state. Planning modules use subset queries in procedure that examines if a given ...
8. Principles of Genetics and Cytogenetics
... This theory was advocated by August Weismann (1834-1914), a German biologist. According to this theory, organism’s body contains two types of cells namely somatic cells and reproductive cells. The somatic cells form the body and its various organ systems, while the reproductive cells form sperm and ...
... This theory was advocated by August Weismann (1834-1914), a German biologist. According to this theory, organism’s body contains two types of cells namely somatic cells and reproductive cells. The somatic cells form the body and its various organ systems, while the reproductive cells form sperm and ...
Does evolution lead to maximizing behavior?
... from maximization of the expected value of some goal function. In early evolutionary biology the question of maximizing behavior was addressed by way of investigating optimality properties of mean fitness (defined as mean fertility or survival) under allele frequency change (Fisher, 1930; Wright, 19 ...
... from maximization of the expected value of some goal function. In early evolutionary biology the question of maximizing behavior was addressed by way of investigating optimality properties of mean fitness (defined as mean fertility or survival) under allele frequency change (Fisher, 1930; Wright, 19 ...
genetic counselling in psychiatry : scope and challenges.
... allele R is not dominant than the phenotype ratio of the offspring on average is (1 dominant): (2 inter mediate): (1 recessive). Law of Independent Assortment: It states that alleles at different loci assort independently of each other. For example, when two homozygous individuals with genotypes say ...
... allele R is not dominant than the phenotype ratio of the offspring on average is (1 dominant): (2 inter mediate): (1 recessive). Law of Independent Assortment: It states that alleles at different loci assort independently of each other. For example, when two homozygous individuals with genotypes say ...
The Evolution of Genetic Architecture
... by Cheverud & Routman (1995), who developed an explicit model of “physiological” epistasis defined without regard to allele frequencies and showed how this physiological epistasis differed from the Fisherian notion of statistical epistasis and even contributed to the additive genetic variance. The Fi ...
... by Cheverud & Routman (1995), who developed an explicit model of “physiological” epistasis defined without regard to allele frequencies and showed how this physiological epistasis differed from the Fisherian notion of statistical epistasis and even contributed to the additive genetic variance. The Fi ...
Gene Section PDE11A (phosphodiesterase 11A) Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics
... Isoform 1 is present in prostate, pituitary, heart, liver and skeletal muscle. Isoform 2 and 3 are expressed in the testis. Isoform 4 is the only isoform of the enzyme expressed in the adrenal cortex, where it is expressed substantially less than in the prostate. ...
... Isoform 1 is present in prostate, pituitary, heart, liver and skeletal muscle. Isoform 2 and 3 are expressed in the testis. Isoform 4 is the only isoform of the enzyme expressed in the adrenal cortex, where it is expressed substantially less than in the prostate. ...
Parasitism and Mutualism in Wolbachia: What the
... latter case, a compositional Z score is produced along with a P value to determine significance. All genes with taxon showing a Z score greater than 2 always had P values less than 0.05. In these cases, the genes were excluded to make a new data set when noted. Detection of Recombination (UW) Alignm ...
... latter case, a compositional Z score is produced along with a P value to determine significance. All genes with taxon showing a Z score greater than 2 always had P values less than 0.05. In these cases, the genes were excluded to make a new data set when noted. Detection of Recombination (UW) Alignm ...
Molecular mechanisms underlying female sex determination
... between female and male pathway. Folia biol. (Kraków) ...
... between female and male pathway. Folia biol. (Kraków) ...
Informed search algorithms
... adjacent square, then h2(n) gives the shortest solution • This can be a good way to generate heuristics. • Also, computer programs can themselves help to ...
... adjacent square, then h2(n) gives the shortest solution • This can be a good way to generate heuristics. • Also, computer programs can themselves help to ...
The Population Genetic Theory of Hidden Variation and
... a buffering mechanism is not needed to obtain an increase of expressed genetic variation after an environmental or genetic change. The potential to release hidden variation is a generic property of a genetic system under two conditions: (1) a population in or near mutation-selection (and drift) bala ...
... a buffering mechanism is not needed to obtain an increase of expressed genetic variation after an environmental or genetic change. The potential to release hidden variation is a generic property of a genetic system under two conditions: (1) a population in or near mutation-selection (and drift) bala ...
Network properties of human disease genes with pleiotropic effects
... of a node in a molecular network is often correlated to its centrality [14]. There are different measures that capture the centrality of a node in a network. We constructed a human protein interaction network using a modified version of CRG interactome [15] and investigated for differences in four d ...
... of a node in a molecular network is often correlated to its centrality [14]. There are different measures that capture the centrality of a node in a network. We constructed a human protein interaction network using a modified version of CRG interactome [15] and investigated for differences in four d ...
Slide 1
... Depending on the severity of a person hemophilia there quality of life changes. A person with mild hemophilia everyday life is not that different than a normal person's life. Although many precautions need to be taken to prevent injury they can do many things that a normal person can do. Sport is e ...
... Depending on the severity of a person hemophilia there quality of life changes. A person with mild hemophilia everyday life is not that different than a normal person's life. Although many precautions need to be taken to prevent injury they can do many things that a normal person can do. Sport is e ...