the thermal sensitivity and plasticity of diving
... Crocodiles were exposed to one of three long-term thermal treatments, designed to emulate water temperatures under differing climate change scenarios (i.e. current summer, 28°C; ‘moderate’ climate warming, 31.5°C; ‘high’ climate warming, 35°C). Dive trials were conducted in a temperature-controlled ...
... Crocodiles were exposed to one of three long-term thermal treatments, designed to emulate water temperatures under differing climate change scenarios (i.e. current summer, 28°C; ‘moderate’ climate warming, 31.5°C; ‘high’ climate warming, 35°C). Dive trials were conducted in a temperature-controlled ...
Hydrologic modeling of an arctic tundra watershed: Toward Pan
... One approach to modeling the spatial distribution of soil moisture is to work with the details of the watershed topography by explicitly modeling the movement of water from the hillslopes to the valleys [Hinzman and Kane, 1992; Zhang et al., 1997]. However, while this may be satisfactory at the scal ...
... One approach to modeling the spatial distribution of soil moisture is to work with the details of the watershed topography by explicitly modeling the movement of water from the hillslopes to the valleys [Hinzman and Kane, 1992; Zhang et al., 1997]. However, while this may be satisfactory at the scal ...
Aquatic Microbial Ecology 70:17 - ICM-CSIC
... each experimental temperature over the entire experimental period. Subsamples (2 ml) for VA were fixed with glutaraldehyde (0.5% final concentration), refrigerated, quick frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at −80°C, as described in Marie et al. (1999). Counts were made using a FACSCalibur flow cyt ...
... each experimental temperature over the entire experimental period. Subsamples (2 ml) for VA were fixed with glutaraldehyde (0.5% final concentration), refrigerated, quick frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at −80°C, as described in Marie et al. (1999). Counts were made using a FACSCalibur flow cyt ...
Rain-on-snow events, floods and climate change in the Alps: Events
... 2005, October 2011 and summer 2014 on the Swiss plateau, where rivers flooded several major cities (Bezzola et al., 2008; Hilker et al., 2009). The 1999 and 2011 floods are in fact classical examples of ROS-triggered floods where intense rainfall during elevated temperatures (high freezing levels) fell ...
... 2005, October 2011 and summer 2014 on the Swiss plateau, where rivers flooded several major cities (Bezzola et al., 2008; Hilker et al., 2009). The 1999 and 2011 floods are in fact classical examples of ROS-triggered floods where intense rainfall during elevated temperatures (high freezing levels) fell ...
Seasonal and spatial heterogeneity of recent sea surface
... particular seasons (López García and Camarasa Belmonte, 2011; Trenberth et al., 2007). Temporal (e.g., seasonal) differences in warming trends are likely to affect organisms differently. For example, if gametogenesis is closely linked to changes in temperature, its phenology might be only weakly mod ...
... particular seasons (López García and Camarasa Belmonte, 2011; Trenberth et al., 2007). Temporal (e.g., seasonal) differences in warming trends are likely to affect organisms differently. For example, if gametogenesis is closely linked to changes in temperature, its phenology might be only weakly mod ...
Microsoft Word
... CASE STUDY: Global Warming – the forest from the trees 3. Measuring the daily maximum and minimum air temperature. Air temperatures over land are usually measured at a height of between 1.2 and 2.0 m above ground in a Stevenson Screen. Liquid-in-glass thermometers are the traditional instruments us ...
... CASE STUDY: Global Warming – the forest from the trees 3. Measuring the daily maximum and minimum air temperature. Air temperatures over land are usually measured at a height of between 1.2 and 2.0 m above ground in a Stevenson Screen. Liquid-in-glass thermometers are the traditional instruments us ...
Temperature variation makes ectotherms more sensitive to climate
... we highlight how temperature fluctuation can generate ‘realized’ thermal reaction (fitness) norms that differ from the ‘fundamental’ norms derived under standard constant temperatures. Using a mosquito as a model organism, we find that temperature fluctuation reduces rate processes such as developme ...
... we highlight how temperature fluctuation can generate ‘realized’ thermal reaction (fitness) norms that differ from the ‘fundamental’ norms derived under standard constant temperatures. Using a mosquito as a model organism, we find that temperature fluctuation reduces rate processes such as developme ...
Cold induces acute stress but heat is ultimately more deleterious for
... a) remained relatively constant throughout the experiment regardless of treatment (Fig. 2a, Supplementary Tables S1 and S2 online), suggesting that bleaching resulted from the reduction in dinoflagellate density rather than a reduction of Chl a per dinoflagellate cell. When the balance of energy abs ...
... a) remained relatively constant throughout the experiment regardless of treatment (Fig. 2a, Supplementary Tables S1 and S2 online), suggesting that bleaching resulted from the reduction in dinoflagellate density rather than a reduction of Chl a per dinoflagellate cell. When the balance of energy abs ...
Timing of abrupt climate change at the end of the Younger Dryas
... One critical record of Younger Dryas climate change, also derived from ice cores, is the atmospheric methane concentration in trapped air. Analysis of the air trapped in bubbles in ice from Greenland4–6 and from the Antarctic7 has shown that atmospheric methane concentrations also increased near the ...
... One critical record of Younger Dryas climate change, also derived from ice cores, is the atmospheric methane concentration in trapped air. Analysis of the air trapped in bubbles in ice from Greenland4–6 and from the Antarctic7 has shown that atmospheric methane concentrations also increased near the ...
Climate
... regression was also used to compute changes in (1) the date of last spring and first fall freeze (0ºC threshold) and the growing season length between those dates (days); (2) growing degree days (GDD, base 10ºC); (3) heating and cooling degree days (HDD and CDD, respectively) using a base temperatur ...
... regression was also used to compute changes in (1) the date of last spring and first fall freeze (0ºC threshold) and the growing season length between those dates (days); (2) growing degree days (GDD, base 10ºC); (3) heating and cooling degree days (HDD and CDD, respectively) using a base temperatur ...
Exploring the behaviour of atmospheric temperatures under dry
... feedbacks of dry conditions on temperature, this paper has investigated close to 30 European locations to assess the influence of observed dry summer days on daily maximum temperature (Tmax ) as well as a clustering of rainless days, and finally the temperature impact related to drought conditions a ...
... feedbacks of dry conditions on temperature, this paper has investigated close to 30 European locations to assess the influence of observed dry summer days on daily maximum temperature (Tmax ) as well as a clustering of rainless days, and finally the temperature impact related to drought conditions a ...
Climate in the Heartland
... waste operations must process greater quantities of debris, and services such as public transportation can be disrupted. Other hazardous weather events, such as tornadoes, wind, hail, drought, heat waves, and winter storms come with their own range of impacts. Over the past century, governments evol ...
... waste operations must process greater quantities of debris, and services such as public transportation can be disrupted. Other hazardous weather events, such as tornadoes, wind, hail, drought, heat waves, and winter storms come with their own range of impacts. Over the past century, governments evol ...
Do cities simulate climate change? A comparison
... to August temperatures and find that M. tenebricosa is most common in the hottest parts of the city, on historical specimens collected during warm time periods, and in present-day rural forests compared to the same sites when they were cooler. Scale insects reached their highest densities in the cit ...
... to August temperatures and find that M. tenebricosa is most common in the hottest parts of the city, on historical specimens collected during warm time periods, and in present-day rural forests compared to the same sites when they were cooler. Scale insects reached their highest densities in the cit ...
Spatial and interannual variations of seasonal sea surface
... To prevent an artificial border from being set up between the estimated and real data, a fuzzy algorithm was applied to mix them in a buffer zone of 10 km width. 5) Steps 3–4 were then repeated until convergence was achieved. Finally, to convert the completed anomalies back to the monthly averaged SST ...
... To prevent an artificial border from being set up between the estimated and real data, a fuzzy algorithm was applied to mix them in a buffer zone of 10 km width. 5) Steps 3–4 were then repeated until convergence was achieved. Finally, to convert the completed anomalies back to the monthly averaged SST ...
Variability properties of daily and monthly observed near-surface
... demonstrated that monthly mean Tmax and Tmin values could differ by more than ± 10C with only a 3-day gap in the data. It is also mentioned in the same study that data of regions that have daily persistence in temperatures are least impacted by data gaps. Uganda is located in the equatorial region o ...
... demonstrated that monthly mean Tmax and Tmin values could differ by more than ± 10C with only a 3-day gap in the data. It is also mentioned in the same study that data of regions that have daily persistence in temperatures are least impacted by data gaps. Uganda is located in the equatorial region o ...
Trends and variability in rain-on-snow events
... between the two reanalysis data sets. It is worth noting that the ROS increases over the southwestern coast of Greenland in both seasons where the ground cover is glacier, and increased rainfall directly contributed to more ROS events. 3.2. Variability Associated With Teleconnection Patterns Other t ...
... between the two reanalysis data sets. It is worth noting that the ROS increases over the southwestern coast of Greenland in both seasons where the ground cover is glacier, and increased rainfall directly contributed to more ROS events. 3.2. Variability Associated With Teleconnection Patterns Other t ...
Temperature Change in New England: 1895-2012
... inches due to climate change and land subsidence. By 2100 it could rise another 2 to 6 feet. Boston is projected to experience coastal flooding comparable to today’s 100 year storm every two to four years by midcentury and approximately every year by the end of the century (New England Aquarium, ...
... inches due to climate change and land subsidence. By 2100 it could rise another 2 to 6 feet. Boston is projected to experience coastal flooding comparable to today’s 100 year storm every two to four years by midcentury and approximately every year by the end of the century (New England Aquarium, ...
Energy and water additions give rise to simple responses in plant
... tundra in northwest Greenland. The higher radiation addition was combined with supplemental water in a factorial design. Radiation additions increased midday canopy temperatures by up to 4.0!C and 6.0!C and growing season mean shallow soil temperatures by 1.3!C and 2.4!C in T1 and T2 plots, respecti ...
... tundra in northwest Greenland. The higher radiation addition was combined with supplemental water in a factorial design. Radiation additions increased midday canopy temperatures by up to 4.0!C and 6.0!C and growing season mean shallow soil temperatures by 1.3!C and 2.4!C in T1 and T2 plots, respecti ...
The climate of the United Kingdom and recent trends
... that anthropogenic greenhouse gas increases caused most of the observed increase in global average temperatures since the mid-20th century.” ...
... that anthropogenic greenhouse gas increases caused most of the observed increase in global average temperatures since the mid-20th century.” ...
Reconstruction of Summer Temperatures in Interior Alaska from
... summer conditions in Interior Alaska are rare. For example, recent studies (Edwards et al., 2001; Mock et al., 1998) showed there was only one year each of anomalously warm/wet and cold/dry July climate between 1946–1989. Cold and dry conditions appear to result from a southward displacement of the ...
... summer conditions in Interior Alaska are rare. For example, recent studies (Edwards et al., 2001; Mock et al., 1998) showed there was only one year each of anomalously warm/wet and cold/dry July climate between 1946–1989. Cold and dry conditions appear to result from a southward displacement of the ...
1st SPANISH SYMPOSIUM ON THE ARCTIC REGION
... Nowadays, due largely to the process of global warming, the Arctic region has gained great strategic and economic relevance. From the strategic point of view, it is a region located in the territory of the traditional super powers, which raises the issue of its possible militarization. From the econ ...
... Nowadays, due largely to the process of global warming, the Arctic region has gained great strategic and economic relevance. From the strategic point of view, it is a region located in the territory of the traditional super powers, which raises the issue of its possible militarization. From the econ ...
Climate Reconstruction from Subsurface Temperatures
... climate reconstruction must be based on indirect evidence derived from climate proxies. As the word proxy implies, indirect observations must serve as substitutes in some way for the lack of a global instrumental record before the mid–nineteenth century. Traditional proxies that have been successful ...
... climate reconstruction must be based on indirect evidence derived from climate proxies. As the word proxy implies, indirect observations must serve as substitutes in some way for the lack of a global instrumental record before the mid–nineteenth century. Traditional proxies that have been successful ...
ALLIE SALLUVINIQ - RESOLUTE I was born at lnukjuaq, Quebec in
... does not usually come from the north anymore therefore it doesn't seem as cold although in the winter it is still just as cold. Seems like it is the melting of the sea ice that seems to make the most change. It wasn't too long after we moved here that it really was snowing in August. That was the co ...
... does not usually come from the north anymore therefore it doesn't seem as cold although in the winter it is still just as cold. Seems like it is the melting of the sea ice that seems to make the most change. It wasn't too long after we moved here that it really was snowing in August. That was the co ...
Climate warming impact on degree
... While the mean global temperature increased by 0.6 K in the 20th century, the temperature rise in Switzerland was much higher: 1.3 K in Eastern and Central Switzerland, 1.6 K in Western Switzerland and 1.0 K south of the Alps. The temperature rise accelerated in the last three decades of the 20th ce ...
... While the mean global temperature increased by 0.6 K in the 20th century, the temperature rise in Switzerland was much higher: 1.3 K in Eastern and Central Switzerland, 1.6 K in Western Switzerland and 1.0 K south of the Alps. The temperature rise accelerated in the last three decades of the 20th ce ...
Weather, Climate, and Worldviews: The Sources
... actual changes in weather patterns, and because perceptions of local weather may be more influential than actual weather in the formation of opinion about climate change. The relative importance of perceptions is indicated in research on local vulnerabilities to climate variation; the influence of p ...
... actual changes in weather patterns, and because perceptions of local weather may be more influential than actual weather in the formation of opinion about climate change. The relative importance of perceptions is indicated in research on local vulnerabilities to climate variation; the influence of p ...
Early 2014 North American cold wave
The 2014 North American cold wave was an extreme weather event extending from January to April 2014, and was also part of an unusually cold winter affecting parts of Canada and the Eastern United States. The event occurred in early 2014 and was caused by a southward shift of the North Polar Vortex. Record low temperatures also extended well into March.On January 2, an Arctic cold front initially associated with a nor'easter tracked across Canada and the United States, resulting in heavy snowfall. Temperatures fell to unprecedented levels, and low temperature records were broken across the United States. Business, school, and road closures were common, as well as mass flight cancellations. Altogether, more than 200 million people were affected, in an area ranging from the Rocky Mountains to the Atlantic Ocean and extending south to include roughly 187 million residents of the Continental United States.