Breeding in Apomictic Species - public.iastate.edu
... apomixis in wild diploids would, according with this theory, be due to lack of expression instead of non-transmission. Another important question, with clear implications in breeding is whether their polyploidy is auto or allopolyploidy, for example, Paspalum apomictic tetraploid are mostly autotetr ...
... apomixis in wild diploids would, according with this theory, be due to lack of expression instead of non-transmission. Another important question, with clear implications in breeding is whether their polyploidy is auto or allopolyploidy, for example, Paspalum apomictic tetraploid are mostly autotetr ...
View/Open - SUST Repository - Sudan University of Science and
... facial skeleton( Kim DO et al 2002), henceforth (CT) has provided new tools for medical investigation and has been widely used for pre and postoperative imaging when evaluating patients with craniofacial abnormalities. During craniofacial growth and development each face obtains individual character ...
... facial skeleton( Kim DO et al 2002), henceforth (CT) has provided new tools for medical investigation and has been widely used for pre and postoperative imaging when evaluating patients with craniofacial abnormalities. During craniofacial growth and development each face obtains individual character ...
The White Kangaroo - Australian Wildlife Rehabilitation Conference
... is freshest or rejoined with another mob. They all seemed to vary in the range and times they became mobile and joined with the entire Balagoron mob. Kalari, like most at-foot joeys, would typically stay close to her mother. She would forage, graze on various grasses and occasionally obtain milk fro ...
... is freshest or rejoined with another mob. They all seemed to vary in the range and times they became mobile and joined with the entire Balagoron mob. Kalari, like most at-foot joeys, would typically stay close to her mother. She would forage, graze on various grasses and occasionally obtain milk fro ...
success of sperm, and fertility issues relating to common and
... explain bias in fertilization between these species. Matt also demonstrated that competition over sex can save you from extinction; sexual selection can facilitate rescue from the negative effects of inbreeding, at least if you are a flour beetle! At BoS we are always treated to a broad range of spe ...
... explain bias in fertilization between these species. Matt also demonstrated that competition over sex can save you from extinction; sexual selection can facilitate rescue from the negative effects of inbreeding, at least if you are a flour beetle! At BoS we are always treated to a broad range of spe ...
The use of uterine scars to explore fecundity levels in invasive alien
... female. We applied this method to two alien squirrels species (grey squirrel, Sciurus carolinensis and Pallas’s squirrel, Callosciurus erythraeus) introduced in Northern Italy, obtaining carcasses from control campaigns from 2011 to 2013. We also investigated environmental and phenotypic variables t ...
... female. We applied this method to two alien squirrels species (grey squirrel, Sciurus carolinensis and Pallas’s squirrel, Callosciurus erythraeus) introduced in Northern Italy, obtaining carcasses from control campaigns from 2011 to 2013. We also investigated environmental and phenotypic variables t ...
Synergistic effects of seasonal rainfall, parasites and demography
... males in the seasonal timing of reproductive effort and its effects on host immunity, as well as documented sex differences in vulnerability to predation. 6. Our results highlight that parasites and the environment can synergistically affect host populations, but that these interactions might be mas ...
... males in the seasonal timing of reproductive effort and its effects on host immunity, as well as documented sex differences in vulnerability to predation. 6. Our results highlight that parasites and the environment can synergistically affect host populations, but that these interactions might be mas ...
Symbiosis and the Origin of Species
... 1997). Indeed, there is an immense body of work on the host cellular, biochemical, developmental, and evolutionary changes caused by symbiotic miroorganisms (Margulis and Fester, 1991; Chapter 1, this book). But these studies are rarely taken as serious evidence of symbiont-induced speciation becaus ...
... 1997). Indeed, there is an immense body of work on the host cellular, biochemical, developmental, and evolutionary changes caused by symbiotic miroorganisms (Margulis and Fester, 1991; Chapter 1, this book). But these studies are rarely taken as serious evidence of symbiont-induced speciation becaus ...
Mammal Reproductive Strategies Driven by Offspring Mortality
... by projecting trait values onto a standard reference line, as shown here. ...
... by projecting trait values onto a standard reference line, as shown here. ...
Evolutionary consequences of Wolbachia infections
... intense, it can last longer, because populations where infection is fixed do not go extinct. The conflict will vanish only when genes preventing sexual reproduction have invaded, which can occur through two main processes, as discussed in the main text. At that stage, producing females only is not c ...
... intense, it can last longer, because populations where infection is fixed do not go extinct. The conflict will vanish only when genes preventing sexual reproduction have invaded, which can occur through two main processes, as discussed in the main text. At that stage, producing females only is not c ...
An Inclusive Fitness Model for Dispersal of Offspring 1. Introduction
... of relatedness of that neighbour to the mutant individual. (For an example see equation (7) below.) If some o f these neighbours are o f different sex, it may also be necessary to weight their fitness changes with a relative reproductive value. If the inclusive fitness increment is positive, selecti ...
... of relatedness of that neighbour to the mutant individual. (For an example see equation (7) below.) If some o f these neighbours are o f different sex, it may also be necessary to weight their fitness changes with a relative reproductive value. If the inclusive fitness increment is positive, selecti ...
Kuijper et al JEB
... A growing number of studies in multicellular organisms highlight low or moderate frequencies of paternal transmission of cytoplasmic organelles, including both mitochondria and chloroplasts. It is well established that strict maternal inheritance is selectively blind to cytoplasmic elements that are ...
... A growing number of studies in multicellular organisms highlight low or moderate frequencies of paternal transmission of cytoplasmic organelles, including both mitochondria and chloroplasts. It is well established that strict maternal inheritance is selectively blind to cytoplasmic elements that are ...
The evolution of sex chromosomes in organisms with separate
... eigenvalue greater than one. Furthermore, it can be shown that the marginal allele fitness of alleles A and a differs at equilibrium only if there are selective differences between haploid males and females (i.e., if U A /Ua = V A /Va ), otherwise the fusion is neutral (with a leading eigenvalue of ...
... eigenvalue greater than one. Furthermore, it can be shown that the marginal allele fitness of alleles A and a differs at equilibrium only if there are selective differences between haploid males and females (i.e., if U A /Ua = V A /Va ), otherwise the fusion is neutral (with a leading eigenvalue of ...
sex-linked hybrid sterility in a butterfly - Ziheng Yang
... compare survival between broods of different types (e.g., pure vs. hybrid). Traditionally, one might use analysis of variance with percent survival as the variate. However, this method is inefficient, and variation in brood size can cause heteroscedasticity. An alternative might be to assume a binom ...
... compare survival between broods of different types (e.g., pure vs. hybrid). Traditionally, one might use analysis of variance with percent survival as the variate. However, this method is inefficient, and variation in brood size can cause heteroscedasticity. An alternative might be to assume a binom ...
LIFE-HISTORY EVOLUTION IN REPTILES
... of the whole organism. For example, higher temperatures result in higher rates of metabolic expenditure, locomotion, growth, and digestion (Huey & Slatkin 1976). Especially important for life-history evolution, temperature also affects reproductive traits such as rates of gonadal recrudescence and e ...
... of the whole organism. For example, higher temperatures result in higher rates of metabolic expenditure, locomotion, growth, and digestion (Huey & Slatkin 1976). Especially important for life-history evolution, temperature also affects reproductive traits such as rates of gonadal recrudescence and e ...
Epigenetic and genetic factors affect transgene
... factor. The epigenetic factor reflects the methylation phenotype of the sire; those sires with the low somatic phenotype giving rise to offspring with either the low or intermediate phenotype; and those sires with the high somatic phenotype giving rise to offspring with either the high or the interm ...
... factor. The epigenetic factor reflects the methylation phenotype of the sire; those sires with the low somatic phenotype giving rise to offspring with either the low or intermediate phenotype; and those sires with the high somatic phenotype giving rise to offspring with either the high or the interm ...
preliminaries femoral nail choice of the technique choice of nail size
... Estimate the length (ℓ) of the rectified bone after osteotomy(ies) and x-ray magnification correction if necessary. ℓ is the distance between the superior margin of the ossified proximal epiphysis and the distal growthplate. The maximum length of the uncut nail of the chosen size should be long enou ...
... Estimate the length (ℓ) of the rectified bone after osteotomy(ies) and x-ray magnification correction if necessary. ℓ is the distance between the superior margin of the ossified proximal epiphysis and the distal growthplate. The maximum length of the uncut nail of the chosen size should be long enou ...
Postzygotic isolation in Drosophila simulans and D. mauritiana
... more distant species (Coyne and Orr 1989). Some species pairs experience only one form of reproductive isolation, either pre- or post-zygotic (Coyne and Orr 1996; Kozak et al. 2012). This suggests that pre- and post-zygotic isolating mechanisms have a different genetic basis, i.e. they are controlle ...
... more distant species (Coyne and Orr 1989). Some species pairs experience only one form of reproductive isolation, either pre- or post-zygotic (Coyne and Orr 1996; Kozak et al. 2012). This suggests that pre- and post-zygotic isolating mechanisms have a different genetic basis, i.e. they are controlle ...
- Wiley Online Library
... We modeled diploid populations of females and males. Each female expresses an ecological phenotype, a mate preference phenotype, and a mate choosiness phenotype. Males express the ecological phenotype, but because mating is by female choice they do not express mate preference or choosiness phenotype ...
... We modeled diploid populations of females and males. Each female expresses an ecological phenotype, a mate preference phenotype, and a mate choosiness phenotype. Males express the ecological phenotype, but because mating is by female choice they do not express mate preference or choosiness phenotype ...
NEW EVIDENCE FOR THE HOMOLOGY OF THE SHORT
... similarity alone is, of course, insufficient to draw conclusions about homology. I n this case, as for Cell, the important criterion must be the positions of the loci of the mutations under investigation to those of other mutations which are already known and typical for the given chromosome or chro ...
... similarity alone is, of course, insufficient to draw conclusions about homology. I n this case, as for Cell, the important criterion must be the positions of the loci of the mutations under investigation to those of other mutations which are already known and typical for the given chromosome or chro ...
Mollie K. Manier: Evolution Faculty Search
... sperm of different males inside the female reproductive tract. Our recent development of transgenic Drosophila with GFP- or RFP-labeled sperm heads has transformed our view of sperm biology and allows us to test previously untestable hypotheses about sexual selection and evolution of reproductive tr ...
... sperm of different males inside the female reproductive tract. Our recent development of transgenic Drosophila with GFP- or RFP-labeled sperm heads has transformed our view of sperm biology and allows us to test previously untestable hypotheses about sexual selection and evolution of reproductive tr ...
Bisexual branching processes to model extinction conditions for Y
... evolution of the number of carriers of each allele of a Y-linked gene or of Y chromosome lineages in a two-sex monogamic population, assuming that this gene or characteristic does not influence the mating process. We focus our attention on studying the possibility of fixation of one of the alleles of ...
... evolution of the number of carriers of each allele of a Y-linked gene or of Y chromosome lineages in a two-sex monogamic population, assuming that this gene or characteristic does not influence the mating process. We focus our attention on studying the possibility of fixation of one of the alleles of ...
THE PHYLOGENETIC DISTRIBUTION OF A FEMALE PREFERENCE
... tions that occur at low frequencies and re- encountered can be stronger than a result in new male traits may be lost before sponse to patterns that were initially seselection can ever act on them or before lected to elicit a response. These unexpectselection can have a maintaining effect. ed biases ...
... tions that occur at low frequencies and re- encountered can be stronger than a result in new male traits may be lost before sponse to patterns that were initially seselection can ever act on them or before lected to elicit a response. These unexpectselection can have a maintaining effect. ed biases ...
Full PDF - IOSR Journals
... this parameter of the hyoid bone to estimate the age only in males. (b) The mean length of the greater cornu of males (right) is 33.8mm in 21 to 30 years age group, it decreases to 32.1mm in 31 to 40 years age group, increases to 32.3mm in 41 to 50 years, decreases to 31.7mm in 51 to 60 years age gr ...
... this parameter of the hyoid bone to estimate the age only in males. (b) The mean length of the greater cornu of males (right) is 33.8mm in 21 to 30 years age group, it decreases to 32.1mm in 31 to 40 years age group, increases to 32.3mm in 41 to 50 years, decreases to 31.7mm in 51 to 60 years age gr ...
GUINEA PIGS FOR MEAT PRODUCTION
... The embryo of the cavy opens its eyes as many as ten days before birth. At birth the young weigh from 40 to 140 g (1.5-5 ounces), are fully developed, can see, smell, walk, run, eat all but hard foods, and even survive without the mother if necessary. Nevertheless, they grow more rapidly if kept wit ...
... The embryo of the cavy opens its eyes as many as ten days before birth. At birth the young weigh from 40 to 140 g (1.5-5 ounces), are fully developed, can see, smell, walk, run, eat all but hard foods, and even survive without the mother if necessary. Nevertheless, they grow more rapidly if kept wit ...
CHAPTER 12 Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance, Sex linkage
... the second polar body, and the other rapidly matures into an ovum. (5) The first polar body may or may not divide during meiosis I. Polar bodies have no function in most species and degenerate, so that a round of meiosis produces only one viable gamete, the ovum. Human oocytes form in the fetus, com ...
... the second polar body, and the other rapidly matures into an ovum. (5) The first polar body may or may not divide during meiosis I. Polar bodies have no function in most species and degenerate, so that a round of meiosis produces only one viable gamete, the ovum. Human oocytes form in the fetus, com ...
Sexual dimorphism
Sexual dimorphism is a phenotypic differentiation between males and females of the same species. This differentiation happens in organisms who reproduce through sexual reproduction, with the prototypical example being for differences in characteristics of reproductive organs. Other possible examples are for secondary sex characteristics, body size, physical strength and morphology, ornamentation, behavior and other bodily traits. Traits such as ornamentation and breeding behavior found in only one sex imply that sexual selection over an extended period of time leads to sexual dimorphism.