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acez and Interfaces - Utrecht University Repository
acez and Interfaces - Utrecht University Repository

CHEMICAL REACTIVITY AND MECHANISMS, AND SUBSTITUTION REACTIONS  1.
CHEMICAL REACTIVITY AND MECHANISMS, AND SUBSTITUTION REACTIONS 1.

... steric effect; larger groups interfere with the approaching nucleophile). SN1 reactions are faster for 3° substrates (because the more stable the carbocation, the faster the reaction; this means 3° > 2° >> 1° > CH3). Vinylic (R2C=CR-) and aromatic substrates are unreactive in either reaction type. A ...
Coordination Chemistry Reviews 272 - Didier Astruc`s Library
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... six-membered cycles are usually formed. Besides, bridging coordination modes with two metals coordinating to two of the nitrogen atoms are possible (types D and E). The second mode is C5 coordination with deprotonated triazoliums to form N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs, Fig. 3). NHCs are a class of we ...
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Catalytic Nucleophilic Fluorination of Secondary and Tertiary

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Cross-coupling reactions of organoborons with organic halides

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... acetophenone developed. In addition, the alcohol proton disappeared, indicating Osilylation (Scheme 1). A second equiv of enol silane 4a was then added to the mixture and the reaction was monitored; no product formation was noted even after extended periods of time. After addition of the catalyst 2 ...
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... such reactions conditions, resulting in low yields.62 This is common for systems with Lewis-acidic catalysts that use aqueous H2O2 at high temperatures. Due to the above limitations, such tungsten catalysts may only be used to produce relatively stable epoxides, particularly terminal aliphatic ones, ...
Unit 4 Chemical Kinetics and Chemical Equilibrium
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... efficacy of the sulfoxide group in the stereoselective auxiliary-induced reactions is mainly due to the steric and stereoelectronic differences between the substituents of the chiral sulfur atom: a lone pair of electrons, an oxygen atom and two different carbon ligands. It is well known that sulfoxi ...
Chapter 3 Nonchain Reactions - Radical Reactions of Carbohydrates
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... causes transformation to take place only once. The radicals that participate in nonchain reactions sometimes are formed by bond homolysis but more often are produced by electron transfer. Bond homolysis is usually a photochemical reaction. Electron transfer typically involves transition-metal-genera ...
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< 1 ... 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 ... 47 >

Fischer–Tropsch process

The Fischer–Tropsch process is a collection of chemical reactions that converts a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen into liquid hydrocarbons. It was first developed by Franz Fischer and Hans Tropsch at the Kaiser-Wilhelm-Institut für Kohlenforschung in Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany, in 1925. The process, a key component of gas to liquids technology, produces a synthetic lubrication oil and synthetic fuel, typically from coal, natural gas, or biomass. The Fischer–Tropsch process has received intermittent attention as a source of low-sulfur diesel fuel and to address the supply or cost of petroleum-derived hydrocarbons. A Fischer–Tropsch-type process has also been suggested to have produced a few of the building blocks of DNA and RNA within asteroids.
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