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CELL CYCLE RESOURCES - harnettcountyhighschools
CELL CYCLE RESOURCES - harnettcountyhighschools

... 10) Furthermore, because of crossing over, which can occur anywhere at random on a chromosome, none of these chromosomes is "pure" maternal or paternal. The distribution of sister chromatids at anaphase II is also random. When fertilization occurs, the number of different zygotes possible is almost ...
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163 Kb
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... broken gene as there are between good and evil. Consider: a gene codes for a protein. If the sequence of the gene changes in the course of evolution, the structure of the protein changes. Sometimes the new protein may not work at all – in which case, if it is important, it will be eliminated by natu ...
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... mutation but the formula underestimates it, tending to help true fathers get off the hook. Conversely, when the alleles mismatch by a large amount, the same computation unfairly inflates the possibility of a mutation, perhaps unfairly overstating the evidence against a non-father. Nonetheless, as re ...
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Watermarking sexually reproducing diploid organisms

... be encrypted into DNA is first modified by a mutation correction code, the Hamming-code, to correct mutations within the DNA sequences. A header, containing the length of the original file, is produced and linked to the modified binary sequence. The composition of the header and the file is translat ...
< 1 ... 1143 1144 1145 1146 1147 1148 1149 1150 1151 ... 1937 >

Microevolution

Microevolution is the change in allele frequencies that occur over time within a population. This change is due to four different processes: mutation, selection (natural and artificial), gene flow, and genetic drift. This change happens over a relatively short (in evolutionary terms) amount of time compared to the changes termed 'macroevolution' which is where greater differences in the population occur.Population genetics is the branch of biology that provides the mathematical structure for the study of the process of microevolution. Ecological genetics concerns itself with observing microevolution in the wild. Typically, observable instances of evolution are examples of microevolution; for example, bacterial strains that have antibiotic resistance.Microevolution over time leads to speciation or the appearance of novel structure, sometimes classified as macroevolution. Macro and microevolution describe fundamentally identical processes on different scales.
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