Microarrays
... provided. Analysis of mock spiked PIF samples revealed sensitivity in the range of 1–10 cfu/25 g sample after biological pre-enrichment. A proof-of-principle study was performed with 21 batches of PIF samples obtained from different sources; two samples were positive for one of the tested pathogens ...
... provided. Analysis of mock spiked PIF samples revealed sensitivity in the range of 1–10 cfu/25 g sample after biological pre-enrichment. A proof-of-principle study was performed with 21 batches of PIF samples obtained from different sources; two samples were positive for one of the tested pathogens ...
COX-2 promoter polymorphisms and the association with prostate
... (pooled), as well as separate case and control frequencies. Prostate cancer ORs (and 95% CIs) for specific haplotypes compared with the reference (highest frequency) haplotype were estimated (20). P-values for prostate cancer– haplotype association were also determined. The OR and P-values are all b ...
... (pooled), as well as separate case and control frequencies. Prostate cancer ORs (and 95% CIs) for specific haplotypes compared with the reference (highest frequency) haplotype were estimated (20). P-values for prostate cancer– haplotype association were also determined. The OR and P-values are all b ...
Somatic sex determination
... global regulator TRA-1. Masculinizing proteins are blue, and feminizing proteins are pink. HER-1 is present only in XO males due to XX-specific transcriptional repression by the SDC proteins. In XO animals HER-1 binds the transmembrane receptor TRA-2A, blocking the ability of an intracellular domain ...
... global regulator TRA-1. Masculinizing proteins are blue, and feminizing proteins are pink. HER-1 is present only in XO males due to XX-specific transcriptional repression by the SDC proteins. In XO animals HER-1 binds the transmembrane receptor TRA-2A, blocking the ability of an intracellular domain ...
Document
... non-informative (MAF ,0.05), or showed a strong deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in the controls (p,1025), we retained 119,501 markers for the final genome-wide allelic association study. The best-associated SNP in the GWAS had a raw p-value of 4.7610216 (Figure 3A). The corrected p-value a ...
... non-informative (MAF ,0.05), or showed a strong deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in the controls (p,1025), we retained 119,501 markers for the final genome-wide allelic association study. The best-associated SNP in the GWAS had a raw p-value of 4.7610216 (Figure 3A). The corrected p-value a ...
The Chromosome Theory of Inheritance
... • The genes for different traits assort independently of one another at meiosis I because they are located on different nonhomologous chromosomes, which themselves assort independently. • This phenomenon explains Mendel’s principle of independent assortment. ...
... • The genes for different traits assort independently of one another at meiosis I because they are located on different nonhomologous chromosomes, which themselves assort independently. • This phenomenon explains Mendel’s principle of independent assortment. ...
5. Harmful mutations
... synthesis from DNA: the DNA sequence codes for amino acid sequences and genetic information flows in one direction - from DNA to mRNA to protein 1959 - Francois Jacob and Jacques Monod discovered an important mechanism behind genetic regulation: mappable control functions located on chromosomes in D ...
... synthesis from DNA: the DNA sequence codes for amino acid sequences and genetic information flows in one direction - from DNA to mRNA to protein 1959 - Francois Jacob and Jacques Monod discovered an important mechanism behind genetic regulation: mappable control functions located on chromosomes in D ...
Does Activation of the TALl Gene Occur in a Majority
... Philadelphia chromosome is a seminal example; this cytogenetic defect arises as a result of the (9;22)(q34;ql l ) translocation in nearly 85% of patients with chronic myelogenous Similarly, the (8; 14)(q24;q32) translocation is found in more than 85% of Burkitt’s lymphoma patients, and the (14; 18)( ...
... Philadelphia chromosome is a seminal example; this cytogenetic defect arises as a result of the (9;22)(q34;ql l ) translocation in nearly 85% of patients with chronic myelogenous Similarly, the (8; 14)(q24;q32) translocation is found in more than 85% of Burkitt’s lymphoma patients, and the (14; 18)( ...
developing corn hybrids with new traits
... years. Corn breeders are interested in how much of this increase is due to genetics and how much can be attributed to other factors. Recent studies have shown that at least 50 percent or more of the increase in corn yields since the introduction of hybrids is due to genetics (Russell, 1993). Develop ...
... years. Corn breeders are interested in how much of this increase is due to genetics and how much can be attributed to other factors. Recent studies have shown that at least 50 percent or more of the increase in corn yields since the introduction of hybrids is due to genetics (Russell, 1993). Develop ...
population genetics
... The way a trait is determined by the alleles for a gene depends on how the alleles, and the proteins they make, interact with each other. Obviously, if an individual is homozygous for a gene/locus (i.e., having two of the same allele), that allele determines the trait. If an individual is heterozygo ...
... The way a trait is determined by the alleles for a gene depends on how the alleles, and the proteins they make, interact with each other. Obviously, if an individual is homozygous for a gene/locus (i.e., having two of the same allele), that allele determines the trait. If an individual is heterozygo ...
Damage Control: The Pleiotropy of DNA Repair Genes
... cells in the eye imaginal disc (M. Brodsky and G. M. Rubin, personal communication). Thus the function of the MEI-41 protein may not be in the repair of damage per se, but in triggering a DNA damage-dependent cellcycle checkpoint. Activation of this checkpoint arrests the cells in G2 and prevents th ...
... cells in the eye imaginal disc (M. Brodsky and G. M. Rubin, personal communication). Thus the function of the MEI-41 protein may not be in the repair of damage per se, but in triggering a DNA damage-dependent cellcycle checkpoint. Activation of this checkpoint arrests the cells in G2 and prevents th ...
Genome-Wide Analysis of In Vivo Binding of the Master Regulator
... is required into the linkages between environmental (nutritional) signals and secondary metabolite production. Carbon source utilization is a major determining factor in the metabolic control of antibiotic production [17,18]. The major control system for carbon utilization in bacteria is carbon cata ...
... is required into the linkages between environmental (nutritional) signals and secondary metabolite production. Carbon source utilization is a major determining factor in the metabolic control of antibiotic production [17,18]. The major control system for carbon utilization in bacteria is carbon cata ...
Water in plants and animals
... Understand why this can only take place if groups within the original species become isolated from each other. Know the different isolating mechanisms (geographical, ecological, reproductive) and know some examples of each. Understand why isolated groups evolve differently from each other, eventuall ...
... Understand why this can only take place if groups within the original species become isolated from each other. Know the different isolating mechanisms (geographical, ecological, reproductive) and know some examples of each. Understand why isolated groups evolve differently from each other, eventuall ...
Hybrid Genetic Algorithm for Machine
... In the GA algorithm proposed in this paper, an initial population is generated randomly and the fitness function value of each of the chromosomes is then evaluated. Then, the processes of crossover and mutation are applied over the chromosomes of a subpopulation to produce their offspring. Then thei ...
... In the GA algorithm proposed in this paper, an initial population is generated randomly and the fitness function value of each of the chromosomes is then evaluated. Then, the processes of crossover and mutation are applied over the chromosomes of a subpopulation to produce their offspring. Then thei ...
Suggestive Association With Ocular Phoria at Chromosome 6p22
... associated with a shift in phoria of 0.45 SDs in the direction of esophoria. Variation at rs1569579 explains 3.2% of the total variance in near horizontal phoria. Figure 5 shows distributions of near horizontal phoria for participants homozygous for the major allele (TT), and for heterozygous partic ...
... associated with a shift in phoria of 0.45 SDs in the direction of esophoria. Variation at rs1569579 explains 3.2% of the total variance in near horizontal phoria. Figure 5 shows distributions of near horizontal phoria for participants homozygous for the major allele (TT), and for heterozygous partic ...
Literature - Oxford Gene Technology
... www.cytocell.com Aquarius® FISH probes contain technology licensed from Life Technologies Corporation that is available for human diagnostics or life science research use only. ...
... www.cytocell.com Aquarius® FISH probes contain technology licensed from Life Technologies Corporation that is available for human diagnostics or life science research use only. ...
A deflationary account of information in biology - Philsci
... In 1966, George Williams introduced the notion of an “evolutionary gene” which he defined “to mean that which separates and recombines with appreciable frequency”, and “any inherited information for which there is a favorable or unfavorable selection bias equal to several or many times its rate of e ...
... In 1966, George Williams introduced the notion of an “evolutionary gene” which he defined “to mean that which separates and recombines with appreciable frequency”, and “any inherited information for which there is a favorable or unfavorable selection bias equal to several or many times its rate of e ...
Concepts of Biology - Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3)
... chromosomes making up a set. There are two possibilities for orientation (for each tetrad); thus, the possible number of alignments equals 2n where n is the number of chromosomes per set. Humans have 23 chromosome pairs, which results in over eight million (223) possibilities. This number does not i ...
... chromosomes making up a set. There are two possibilities for orientation (for each tetrad); thus, the possible number of alignments equals 2n where n is the number of chromosomes per set. Humans have 23 chromosome pairs, which results in over eight million (223) possibilities. This number does not i ...
Variation in a Population
... The unit of selection can be the individual or it can be another level within the hierarchy of biological organisation, such as genes, cells, and kin groups. There is still debate about whether natural selection acts at the level of groups or species to produce adaptations that benefit a larger, non ...
... The unit of selection can be the individual or it can be another level within the hierarchy of biological organisation, such as genes, cells, and kin groups. There is still debate about whether natural selection acts at the level of groups or species to produce adaptations that benefit a larger, non ...
Hydrogen autotrophy of Nocardia opaca strains is
... plasmid DNA was subjected to restriction analysis using XbaI, AsnI and SpeI as cleavage enzymes. These endonucleases recognize rarely cutting sites in GC-rich DNA (McClelland et al., 1987). As during electroelution of cells embedded in agarose plugs a few chromosomal DNA fragments were co-eluted, th ...
... plasmid DNA was subjected to restriction analysis using XbaI, AsnI and SpeI as cleavage enzymes. These endonucleases recognize rarely cutting sites in GC-rich DNA (McClelland et al., 1987). As during electroelution of cells embedded in agarose plugs a few chromosomal DNA fragments were co-eluted, th ...
Level 3, 2004
... the order, and how many of them are linked together, determines what the protein is and does. These amino acid sequences are coded for by sequenced triplets of bases on the DNA. If the DNA has a large part of the sequence replaced by another sequence, then it usually forms a completely different pro ...
... the order, and how many of them are linked together, determines what the protein is and does. These amino acid sequences are coded for by sequenced triplets of bases on the DNA. If the DNA has a large part of the sequence replaced by another sequence, then it usually forms a completely different pro ...
File - UCLA Neuroscience
... positioning in laminated structures in the brain. Genome-wide linkage studies show a connection between ASD and the 7q locus, where the reelin gene is located. ASD patients also show reduced levels of reelin protein and mRNA expression. Reelin function may be affected by organophosphate pesticides, ...
... positioning in laminated structures in the brain. Genome-wide linkage studies show a connection between ASD and the 7q locus, where the reelin gene is located. ASD patients also show reduced levels of reelin protein and mRNA expression. Reelin function may be affected by organophosphate pesticides, ...
Chpt15_PosNegCntrl.doc
... copies of the protein were present in each cell. This general strategy of over-producing the protein is widely used in purification schemes. Now the gene for the protein is cloned in an expression vector, so that the host (bacteria in this case) makes a large amount of the protein often a substantia ...
... copies of the protein were present in each cell. This general strategy of over-producing the protein is widely used in purification schemes. Now the gene for the protein is cloned in an expression vector, so that the host (bacteria in this case) makes a large amount of the protein often a substantia ...
Bio 102 Practice Problems
... Again if any child is ii, then each parent had an i allele. Therefore, both parents are IAi. We therefore expect about ¼ IAIA, ½ IAi and ¼ ii. 9. If one parent is type AB and the other is B, but ¼ of the children are A, ¼ AB and the rest B, what are the genotypes of the parents? The only way for a t ...
... Again if any child is ii, then each parent had an i allele. Therefore, both parents are IAi. We therefore expect about ¼ IAIA, ½ IAi and ¼ ii. 9. If one parent is type AB and the other is B, but ¼ of the children are A, ¼ AB and the rest B, what are the genotypes of the parents? The only way for a t ...
20Sexual Reproduction, Meiosis, and Genetic Recombination
... Organisms vary greatly in the relative prominence of the haploid and diploid phases of their life cycles, as shown for some representative groups in Figure 20-4. Some fungi are examples of sexually reproducing organisms whose life cycles are primarily haploid but include a brief diploid phase that b ...
... Organisms vary greatly in the relative prominence of the haploid and diploid phases of their life cycles, as shown for some representative groups in Figure 20-4. Some fungi are examples of sexually reproducing organisms whose life cycles are primarily haploid but include a brief diploid phase that b ...