Perrin 2012
... of phyla. Organelle transmission strongly correlates with sexes in plants, animals, and other anisogamic groups. Organelles are usually transmitted maternally (i.e., through the large gamete), but counterexamples exist (e.g., mitochondria are transmitted paternally in some gymnosperms and chytridiom ...
... of phyla. Organelle transmission strongly correlates with sexes in plants, animals, and other anisogamic groups. Organelles are usually transmitted maternally (i.e., through the large gamete), but counterexamples exist (e.g., mitochondria are transmitted paternally in some gymnosperms and chytridiom ...
Repeat-induced point mutation and the population
... 19 of 30 sequences with three RIP mutations (P=0.035), and 23 of 44 sequences with four RIP mutations (P<0.001). Sequences with higher numbers of mutated RIP sites did not differ from chance expectation as to whether all the changes were only on one strand. These results may indicate that a small pe ...
... 19 of 30 sequences with three RIP mutations (P=0.035), and 23 of 44 sequences with four RIP mutations (P<0.001). Sequences with higher numbers of mutated RIP sites did not differ from chance expectation as to whether all the changes were only on one strand. These results may indicate that a small pe ...
Gene density and transcription influence the localization of
... 11p15 contains clusters of imprinted genes. The mechanistic basis of imprinting is yet to be fully defined, but aspects of higher-order chromatin structure have been implicated, and homologous loci of human and mouse genes ...
... 11p15 contains clusters of imprinted genes. The mechanistic basis of imprinting is yet to be fully defined, but aspects of higher-order chromatin structure have been implicated, and homologous loci of human and mouse genes ...
Determination of n+1 Gamete Transmission Rate of Trisomics and
... C 2008 Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences doi: 10.1111/j.1744-7909.2008.00765.x ...
... C 2008 Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences doi: 10.1111/j.1744-7909.2008.00765.x ...
Figures and figure supplements
... Figure 8—figure supplement 1. Cartoons of lineages that showed two RFP-to-GFP switches in directly related cells. Switches are labeled with the numbers 1 and 2. In pedigree A, onset of GFP expression (depicted as yellow) was detected in a large-budded cell (1). At the same time, GFP also appeared in ...
... Figure 8—figure supplement 1. Cartoons of lineages that showed two RFP-to-GFP switches in directly related cells. Switches are labeled with the numbers 1 and 2. In pedigree A, onset of GFP expression (depicted as yellow) was detected in a large-budded cell (1). At the same time, GFP also appeared in ...
Down syndrome genetics: unravelling a multifactorial disorder
... GENOME PROJECT Like all other chromosomal aneuploidy syndromes, Down syndrome is most likely due primarily to aberrant gene dosage, in this case from three doses of chromosome 21 genes. For most genes, the presence of an extra copy probably has no phenotypic consequences because of the regulation of ...
... GENOME PROJECT Like all other chromosomal aneuploidy syndromes, Down syndrome is most likely due primarily to aberrant gene dosage, in this case from three doses of chromosome 21 genes. For most genes, the presence of an extra copy probably has no phenotypic consequences because of the regulation of ...
chapt03-Development 09
... Stages of the Human Life Cycle • Genes orchestrate our physiology after conception through adulthood • Development is the process of forming an adult from a single-celled embryo • In humans, new individuals form from the union of sex cells or gametes – Sperm from the male and oocyte from the female ...
... Stages of the Human Life Cycle • Genes orchestrate our physiology after conception through adulthood • Development is the process of forming an adult from a single-celled embryo • In humans, new individuals form from the union of sex cells or gametes – Sperm from the male and oocyte from the female ...
Evolution of the Y-Chromosome in Primates
... that will, consequently, be identically passed down father to son because its lack of recombination prevents variation on this region. Therefore, without variation natural selection cannot act upon the chromosome because there is no force that can remove the deleterious mutations out of the populati ...
... that will, consequently, be identically passed down father to son because its lack of recombination prevents variation on this region. Therefore, without variation natural selection cannot act upon the chromosome because there is no force that can remove the deleterious mutations out of the populati ...
Spo13 protects meiotic cohesin at centromeres in meiosis I
... overexpressed both Rec8 and Spo13 in mitotic cells. In these cells, sister centromeres still attach to opposite spindle poles, but they fail to separate from each other at anaphase, mimicking one aspect of meiosis I chromosome behavior. ...
... overexpressed both Rec8 and Spo13 in mitotic cells. In these cells, sister centromeres still attach to opposite spindle poles, but they fail to separate from each other at anaphase, mimicking one aspect of meiosis I chromosome behavior. ...
Review
... during development, such as the temperature control of sex in alligators and crocodiles. the situation when alleles or alternative types of a particular linkage group (such as a Y or W chromosome) influence the probability of developing as a male or a female. the absence (or lack of function) of Y-l ...
... during development, such as the temperature control of sex in alligators and crocodiles. the situation when alleles or alternative types of a particular linkage group (such as a Y or W chromosome) influence the probability of developing as a male or a female. the absence (or lack of function) of Y-l ...
HERE - DeRiemaker
... The diploid chromosome number is always even so that when mitosis occurs each new cell gets the same number of chromosomes. ...
... The diploid chromosome number is always even so that when mitosis occurs each new cell gets the same number of chromosomes. ...
Cytogenetic Analysis Shows that the Unusually Large Chromosome
... was similar to that in W chromosome mutant strains of Ephestia kuehniella. These have a fused chromosome formed with the W chromosome and another chromosome. Evidently, the W chromosome with the second chromosome fragment of the TWPB strain is attached to an unknown chromosome. To determine the comp ...
... was similar to that in W chromosome mutant strains of Ephestia kuehniella. These have a fused chromosome formed with the W chromosome and another chromosome. Evidently, the W chromosome with the second chromosome fragment of the TWPB strain is attached to an unknown chromosome. To determine the comp ...
Preferential X-chromosome inactivation, DNA
... interspecific crosses - mules and hybrids between foxes do not show preferential X-inactivation (Serov et al. I978a,b). In these latter examples of strain- and species-specific X chromosome imprinting, non-random X chromosome expression is not concerned with whether the X chromosome comes from the m ...
... interspecific crosses - mules and hybrids between foxes do not show preferential X-inactivation (Serov et al. I978a,b). In these latter examples of strain- and species-specific X chromosome imprinting, non-random X chromosome expression is not concerned with whether the X chromosome comes from the m ...
Coupling of zygotic transcription to mitotic control at the Drosophila
... the exponential increase in DNA content during cleavage stages results in the titration and inactivation of a hypothetical cytoplasmic factor that inhibits onset of the MBT before the embryo attains the correct N/C ratio. However, it is unknown whether the control of the MBT requires the presence of ...
... the exponential increase in DNA content during cleavage stages results in the titration and inactivation of a hypothetical cytoplasmic factor that inhibits onset of the MBT before the embryo attains the correct N/C ratio. However, it is unknown whether the control of the MBT requires the presence of ...
Warm Up: Mon 8/1
... If green skin is dominant over orange skin, is it possible for an orange skinned offspring to result from a cross between an orange parent and a green parent? -Draw Punnett Square(s) and explain ...
... If green skin is dominant over orange skin, is it possible for an orange skinned offspring to result from a cross between an orange parent and a green parent? -Draw Punnett Square(s) and explain ...
Biology EOCEP Review
... I am a cell that has been recently discovered. I contain a cell wall and a plasma membrane. I have a large vacuole that stores water and many chloroplasts to make sugars. I like the sunlight and have many organelles. What kind of cell am I? I am a cell that has a cell wall and ribosomes. I have cell ...
... I am a cell that has been recently discovered. I contain a cell wall and a plasma membrane. I have a large vacuole that stores water and many chloroplasts to make sugars. I like the sunlight and have many organelles. What kind of cell am I? I am a cell that has a cell wall and ribosomes. I have cell ...
LIST OF CHECK-UP QUESTIONS for
... 9. Work with microscope starts from a small magnification (according to the rules). Magnification is x 56. Indicate, please, the correct answer: a) ocular x 7, objective 8 b) ocular x 10, objective 40 c) ocular x 15, objective 40 d) objective x 8, ocular 10 CORRECT e) objective x 40, ocular 10 10. I ...
... 9. Work with microscope starts from a small magnification (according to the rules). Magnification is x 56. Indicate, please, the correct answer: a) ocular x 7, objective 8 b) ocular x 10, objective 40 c) ocular x 15, objective 40 d) objective x 8, ocular 10 CORRECT e) objective x 40, ocular 10 10. I ...
Genetic of PWS – Explanation for the Rest of Us - Prader
... chromosomes—23 inherited from our mother and 23 from our father. (Egg and sperm cells normally contain just 23 chromosomes, because those are the cells that join in conception and provide the baby the right number of chromosomes.) Twenty-two of the chromosome pairs are labeled with a number based on ...
... chromosomes—23 inherited from our mother and 23 from our father. (Egg and sperm cells normally contain just 23 chromosomes, because those are the cells that join in conception and provide the baby the right number of chromosomes.) Twenty-two of the chromosome pairs are labeled with a number based on ...
Chap3_110718_textbook
... Mendel’s First Law is especially remarkable because he made his observations without knowing about the relationships between genes, chromosomes, and DNA. We now know that the reason that more than one allele of a gene can be present in an individual is that most eukaryotic organisms have at least tw ...
... Mendel’s First Law is especially remarkable because he made his observations without knowing about the relationships between genes, chromosomes, and DNA. We now know that the reason that more than one allele of a gene can be present in an individual is that most eukaryotic organisms have at least tw ...
6.3 Mendel and Heredity
... traits persist without being blended or diluted over successive generations – Mendel discovered the law of segregation – Organisms inherit two copies of each gene, one from each parent. – The two copies segregate (separate) during gamete formation (meiosis). ...
... traits persist without being blended or diluted over successive generations – Mendel discovered the law of segregation – Organisms inherit two copies of each gene, one from each parent. – The two copies segregate (separate) during gamete formation (meiosis). ...
Книжечка
... use the chemical DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) as the physical carrier of inheritance and the genetic information. Some organisms, such as retroviruses (of which HIV is a member), use RNA (ribonucleic acid) as the carrier. The variation that Darwin and Wallace recognized as the wellspring of evolution ...
... use the chemical DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) as the physical carrier of inheritance and the genetic information. Some organisms, such as retroviruses (of which HIV is a member), use RNA (ribonucleic acid) as the carrier. The variation that Darwin and Wallace recognized as the wellspring of evolution ...
Standard 2 Lesson Plans
... The union of an egg nucleus and a sperm nucleus A cell containing only one member of each chromosome pair characteristic of a species. A cell containing both members of every chromosome pair characteristic of a species. A sex cell. Either an egg cell or a sperm cell formed in meiosis, having half th ...
... The union of an egg nucleus and a sperm nucleus A cell containing only one member of each chromosome pair characteristic of a species. A cell containing both members of every chromosome pair characteristic of a species. A sex cell. Either an egg cell or a sperm cell formed in meiosis, having half th ...
Production of diploid male gametes in Arabidopsis by cold
... the gametophytic nuclear DNA content. Upon cold stress (7 dpt), enlarged pMGH3::H2B-GFP pollen grains (n=54) all contained two enlarged sperm nuclei with increased fluorescence intensity indicative of increased DNA content (Fig. 1, H-O). In order determine the exact ploidy level of the enlarged sper ...
... the gametophytic nuclear DNA content. Upon cold stress (7 dpt), enlarged pMGH3::H2B-GFP pollen grains (n=54) all contained two enlarged sperm nuclei with increased fluorescence intensity indicative of increased DNA content (Fig. 1, H-O). In order determine the exact ploidy level of the enlarged sper ...
Heredity
... Genes – sequence of triplets on DNA Humans have about – 23,000 genes Each chromosome contains many genes Like the chromosomes they are part of, genes occur in pairs of two. – Alleles - alternate forms of a gene ...
... Genes – sequence of triplets on DNA Humans have about – 23,000 genes Each chromosome contains many genes Like the chromosomes they are part of, genes occur in pairs of two. – Alleles - alternate forms of a gene ...
Prenatal Diagnosis of Rare Familial Unbalanced Translocation of
... a parent with a balanced translocation. Understanding the individuals’ phenotype in association with the gain and loss of copy number is important and can further provide us with information on that particular region of the named chromosomes. It was shown that the deletion of 7q24 and 7q36 was assoc ...
... a parent with a balanced translocation. Understanding the individuals’ phenotype in association with the gain and loss of copy number is important and can further provide us with information on that particular region of the named chromosomes. It was shown that the deletion of 7q24 and 7q36 was assoc ...
Ploidy
Ploidy is the number of sets of chromosomes in a cell. Usually a gamete (sperm or egg, which fuse into a single cell during the fertilization phase of sexual reproduction) carries a full set of chromosomes that includes a single copy of each chromosome, as aneuploidy generally leads to severe genetic disease in the offspring. The gametic or haploid number (n) is the number of chromosomes in a gamete. Two gametes form a diploid zygote with twice this number (2n, the zygotic or diploid number) i.e. two copies of autosomal chromosomes. For humans, a diploid species, n = 23. A typical human somatic cell contains 46 chromosomes: 2 complete haploid sets, which make up 23 homologous chromosome pairs.Because chromosome number is generally reduced only by the specialized process of meiosis, the somatic cells of the body inherit and maintain the chromosome number of the zygote. However, in many situations somatic cells double their copy number by means of endoreduplication as an aspect of cellular differentiation. For example, the hearts of two-year-old children contain 85% diploid and 15% tetraploid nuclei, but by 12 years of age the proportions become approximately equal, and adults examined contained 27% diploid, 71% tetraploid and 2% octaploid nuclei.Cells are described according to the number of sets present (the ploidy level): monoploid (1 set), diploid (2 sets), triploid (3 sets), tetraploid (4 sets), pentaploid (5 sets), hexaploid (6 sets), heptaploid or septaploid (7 sets), etc. The generic term polyploid is frequently used to describe cells with three or more sets of chromosomes (triploid or higher ploidy).