Name: Date: Period: _____ Unit 10, Part 2 Notes: Genetic Variation
... 13. Remember, mutations can create new alleles (and therefore phenotypes), whereas crossing over, independent assortment, and random fertilization can only result in new combinations of traits. 14. As a result of these four mechanisms, we typically see a range of phenotypes for a particular trait w ...
... 13. Remember, mutations can create new alleles (and therefore phenotypes), whereas crossing over, independent assortment, and random fertilization can only result in new combinations of traits. 14. As a result of these four mechanisms, we typically see a range of phenotypes for a particular trait w ...
Anthropology 7 Problem Set #2
... supplied from your mother in the egg, one from your father in the sperm. The sperm and egg fused to form the zygote that developed into you. These sets of genes exist in the form of two haploid sets of 23 chromosomes (N=23), for a total diploid set of 46 chromosomes (2N = 46) present in the zygote a ...
... supplied from your mother in the egg, one from your father in the sperm. The sperm and egg fused to form the zygote that developed into you. These sets of genes exist in the form of two haploid sets of 23 chromosomes (N=23), for a total diploid set of 46 chromosomes (2N = 46) present in the zygote a ...
How to Make a Linkage Map
... How to Make a Linkage Map Independent assortment occurs when genes/ chromosomes separate from each other independently during meiosis and therefore are inherited separately from each other. This is true if the genes for the observed phenotypes are found on different chromosomes or separated by large ...
... How to Make a Linkage Map Independent assortment occurs when genes/ chromosomes separate from each other independently during meiosis and therefore are inherited separately from each other. This is true if the genes for the observed phenotypes are found on different chromosomes or separated by large ...
Chapter 9
... in the eye is found in the sex chromosome. At least one functioning copy of the gene confers normal detection of red and green colors. A rare allele produces a non-functioning version of these proteins. Females get XX and thus get a greater chance to be normal, males get only one X, if the non-the f ...
... in the eye is found in the sex chromosome. At least one functioning copy of the gene confers normal detection of red and green colors. A rare allele produces a non-functioning version of these proteins. Females get XX and thus get a greater chance to be normal, males get only one X, if the non-the f ...
Homework 4
... a. Chromosome b. Centromere c. Chromatid d. spindle e. Centrioles 2. How does cytokinesis differ in animal and plant cells. 3. Describe 1 way that the genetic diversity of organisms is increased during meiosis. 4. The difference between asexual and sexual reproduction is that a. asexual reproduction ...
... a. Chromosome b. Centromere c. Chromatid d. spindle e. Centrioles 2. How does cytokinesis differ in animal and plant cells. 3. Describe 1 way that the genetic diversity of organisms is increased during meiosis. 4. The difference between asexual and sexual reproduction is that a. asexual reproduction ...
Genetics
... Mistakes in assigning parents can occur due to semen/embryo mix-ups during artificial insemination, mistakes in record keeping, or when accidental matings occur. The use of DNA profiling to definitively identify an animal’s biological parents allows breeders to be certain that their animals have ...
... Mistakes in assigning parents can occur due to semen/embryo mix-ups during artificial insemination, mistakes in record keeping, or when accidental matings occur. The use of DNA profiling to definitively identify an animal’s biological parents allows breeders to be certain that their animals have ...
17.2.3 Thought Lab 17.1 Map
... 1. You conduct the same cross again, but this time you get an almost exact 1:1 ratio of flies with normal eyes and normal wings to flies with purple eyes and vestigial wings. There are no recombinant types. Provide two explanations that might account for these results. ...
... 1. You conduct the same cross again, but this time you get an almost exact 1:1 ratio of flies with normal eyes and normal wings to flies with purple eyes and vestigial wings. There are no recombinant types. Provide two explanations that might account for these results. ...
Chromosome Mapping Lab
... 1. You conduct the same cross again, but this time you get an almost exact 1:1 ratio of flies with normal eyes and normal wings to flies with purple eyes and vestigial wings. There are no recombinant types. Provide two explanations that might account for these results. ...
... 1. You conduct the same cross again, but this time you get an almost exact 1:1 ratio of flies with normal eyes and normal wings to flies with purple eyes and vestigial wings. There are no recombinant types. Provide two explanations that might account for these results. ...
Chromosome Aberrations
... viable but infertile • Chromosome pairs sets are not homologous and cannot synapse properly in meiosis • Chromosome nondisjunction can resolve this problem, the doubled chromosomes have homologs for pairing during synapsis hybrid is fertile ...
... viable but infertile • Chromosome pairs sets are not homologous and cannot synapse properly in meiosis • Chromosome nondisjunction can resolve this problem, the doubled chromosomes have homologs for pairing during synapsis hybrid is fertile ...
Name
... CHROMOSOMAL MUTATIONS: changes in chromosomes, usually during meiosis when gametes are being made: 1. ___________________________= failure of homologous chromosomes to separate during meiosis resulting in gametes (egg or sperm) with too few or too many chromosomes. REMEMBER: Humans are ___________ ...
... CHROMOSOMAL MUTATIONS: changes in chromosomes, usually during meiosis when gametes are being made: 1. ___________________________= failure of homologous chromosomes to separate during meiosis resulting in gametes (egg or sperm) with too few or too many chromosomes. REMEMBER: Humans are ___________ ...
National 5 Biology Unit 2 – Multicellular Organisms
... When flowering plants reproduce they make seeds from which a new plant grows. ...
... When flowering plants reproduce they make seeds from which a new plant grows. ...
L567 lecture 23
... forms of postzygotic isolation, in which an allele that yields a normal phenotype in its own species causes hybrid inviability or sterility on the genetic background of another (see below). Epistasis also occurs in many forms of prezygotic isolation. Sexual isolation, for example, usually requires t ...
... forms of postzygotic isolation, in which an allele that yields a normal phenotype in its own species causes hybrid inviability or sterility on the genetic background of another (see below). Epistasis also occurs in many forms of prezygotic isolation. Sexual isolation, for example, usually requires t ...
Genes and Heredity - Calgary Christian School
... Law of Segregation: during gamete formation (meiosis), homologous pairs separate and gametes have one of each homologue Law of Independent Assortment: genes which are located on separate chromosomes assort (separate) independently during meiosis. One gene does not effect where any other gene will m ...
... Law of Segregation: during gamete formation (meiosis), homologous pairs separate and gametes have one of each homologue Law of Independent Assortment: genes which are located on separate chromosomes assort (separate) independently during meiosis. One gene does not effect where any other gene will m ...
E. Linked genes
... B. an allele that phenotype is shown only when it is in the homozygous condition C. an allele that phenotype is shown only when it is in the heterozygous condition D. an allele that phenotype is shown in both the homozygous and heterozygous ...
... B. an allele that phenotype is shown only when it is in the homozygous condition C. an allele that phenotype is shown only when it is in the heterozygous condition D. an allele that phenotype is shown in both the homozygous and heterozygous ...
Patterns of Heredity
... o ________________________= a random error or change in the DNA sequence that may affect whole chromosomes or just one gene. o _______________________= certain substances or conditions that can create a greater rate of mutation Examples: • Some _______________ • High temperatures • _________________ ...
... o ________________________= a random error or change in the DNA sequence that may affect whole chromosomes or just one gene. o _______________________= certain substances or conditions that can create a greater rate of mutation Examples: • Some _______________ • High temperatures • _________________ ...
September 2015 newsletter in PDF format
... We found no evidence for hypothesized whole-genome duplications in the octopus lineage. 14 Later in the report they said, Based primarily on chromosome number, several researchers proposed that wholegenome duplications were important in the evolution of the cephalopod body plan, paralleling the role ...
... We found no evidence for hypothesized whole-genome duplications in the octopus lineage. 14 Later in the report they said, Based primarily on chromosome number, several researchers proposed that wholegenome duplications were important in the evolution of the cephalopod body plan, paralleling the role ...
Heredity
... • Sickle-cell anemia, a human blood disease, is caused by an allele that incorrectly codes for hemoglobin, valine instead of glutamic acid… leads to rigid protein structure of hgb • As a result, the abnormal hemoglobin molecule causes the RBC to become sickle ...
... • Sickle-cell anemia, a human blood disease, is caused by an allele that incorrectly codes for hemoglobin, valine instead of glutamic acid… leads to rigid protein structure of hgb • As a result, the abnormal hemoglobin molecule causes the RBC to become sickle ...
Cellular Reproduction - Gainesville Independent School
... central and rightmost cell are in interphase, thus their entire nuclei are labeled. On the left a cell is going through mitosis and its DNA has condensed ready for division. ...
... central and rightmost cell are in interphase, thus their entire nuclei are labeled. On the left a cell is going through mitosis and its DNA has condensed ready for division. ...
Cells and DNA Table of Contents
... (DNA) (http://www.genome.gov/25520880) provides an introduction to this molecule. Information about the genetic code (http://geneed.nlm.nih.gov/topic_subtopic.php? tid=15&sid=19) and the structure of the DNA double helix (http://geneed.nlm.nih.gov/ topic_subtopic.php?tid=15&sid=16) is available from ...
... (DNA) (http://www.genome.gov/25520880) provides an introduction to this molecule. Information about the genetic code (http://geneed.nlm.nih.gov/topic_subtopic.php? tid=15&sid=19) and the structure of the DNA double helix (http://geneed.nlm.nih.gov/ topic_subtopic.php?tid=15&sid=16) is available from ...
Prokaryotes
... - rotation of basal apparatus moves flagella Taxis: movement toward (or away from) chemicals, ...
... - rotation of basal apparatus moves flagella Taxis: movement toward (or away from) chemicals, ...
Final Review Click Here - Garnet Valley School District
... 66.) Which type of reproduction uses two parents that each contribute genetic information to the offspring? 67.) Which type of reproduction uses one parent? 68.) Starfish, bacteria, ameba, strawberries, some plants, and yeast are all examples of which type of reproduction? 69.) Mammals, animals, pl ...
... 66.) Which type of reproduction uses two parents that each contribute genetic information to the offspring? 67.) Which type of reproduction uses one parent? 68.) Starfish, bacteria, ameba, strawberries, some plants, and yeast are all examples of which type of reproduction? 69.) Mammals, animals, pl ...
Biology Final Review
... • A) Crossover occurs in prophase II • B) Segments of DNA are exchanged ...
... • A) Crossover occurs in prophase II • B) Segments of DNA are exchanged ...
Polyploid
Polyploid cells and organisms are those containing more than two paired (homologous) sets of chromosomes. Most species whose cells have nuclei (Eukaryotes) are diploid, meaning they have two sets of chromosomes—one set inherited from each parent. However, polyploidy is found in some organisms and is especially common in plants. In addition, polyploidy occurs in some tissues of animals that are otherwise diploid, such as human muscle tissues. This is known as endopolyploidy. Species whose cells do not have nuclei, that is, Prokaryotes, may be polyploid organisms, as seen in the large bacterium Epulopicium fishelsoni [1]. Hence ploidy is defined with respect to a cell. Most eukaryotes have diploid somatic cells, but produce haploid gametes (eggs and sperm) by meiosis. A monoploid has only one set of chromosomes, and the term is usually only applied to cells or organisms that are normally diploid. Male bees and other Hymenoptera, for example, are monoploid. Unlike animals, plants and multicellular algae have life cycles with two alternating multicellular generations. The gametophyte generation is haploid, and produces gametes by mitosis, the sporophyte generation is diploid and produces spores by meiosis.Polyploidy refers to a numerical change in a whole set of chromosomes. Organisms in which a particular chromosome, or chromosome segment, is under- or overrepresented are said to be aneuploid (from the Greek words meaning ""not"", ""good"", and ""fold""). Therefore the distinction between aneuploidy and polyploidy is that aneuploidy refers to a numerical change in part of the chromosome set, whereas polyploidy refers to a numerical change in the whole set of chromosomes.Polyploidy may occur due to abnormal cell division, either during mitosis, or commonly during metaphase I in meiosis.Polyploidy occurs in some animals, such as goldfish, salmon, and salamanders, but is especially common among ferns and flowering plants (see Hibiscus rosa-sinensis), including both wild and cultivated species. Wheat, for example, after millennia of hybridization and modification by humans, has strains that are diploid (two sets of chromosomes), tetraploid (four sets of chromosomes) with the common name of durum or macaroni wheat, and hexaploid (six sets of chromosomes) with the common name of bread wheat. Many agriculturally important plants of the genus Brassica are also tetraploids.Polyploidy can be induced in plants and cell cultures by some chemicals: the best known is colchicine, which can result in chromosome doubling, though its use may have other less obvious consequences as well. Oryzalin will also double the existing chromosome content.