Protein-coding genes in eukaryotic DNA
... “Retrotransposons constitute over 40% of the human genome and consist of several millions of family members. They play important roles in shaping the structure and evolution of the genome and in participating in gene functioning and regulation. Since L1, Alu, and SVA retrotransposons are currently ...
... “Retrotransposons constitute over 40% of the human genome and consist of several millions of family members. They play important roles in shaping the structure and evolution of the genome and in participating in gene functioning and regulation. Since L1, Alu, and SVA retrotransposons are currently ...
Slide 1
... color, and blood type. These characteristics are called inherited traits. • Some traits are acquired, not inherited. Which means the trait is developed during your life. • Some traits are both inherited and acquired. For example, skin color has both an inherited component and an environmental one. ...
... color, and blood type. These characteristics are called inherited traits. • Some traits are acquired, not inherited. Which means the trait is developed during your life. • Some traits are both inherited and acquired. For example, skin color has both an inherited component and an environmental one. ...
Answer all the questions Time allowed : 49 minutes 1. State two
... Mutation may occur spontaneously, or be induced by chemicals (e.g. colchicines ), radiations (e.g. X-rays and UV) and biological factors (e.g. viruses).
Mutation may involve
change in the number of chromosomes, e.g. polyploidy
changes in chromosome structure,
changes in DNA structure
Sub-tot ...
... Mutation may occur spontaneously, or be induced by chemicals (e.g. colchicines ), radiations (e.g. X-rays and UV) and biological factors (e.g. viruses).
If you need help, please ask!!!
... 3. Discuss the 5 control factors of cell division and briefly why cancer cells are easier to grow in the lab than other cells. 4. Briefly discuss how horizontal gene transfer can increase genetic diversity in asexually reproducing prokaryotes. 5. Compare and contrast PCR and RFLP. When would one be ...
... 3. Discuss the 5 control factors of cell division and briefly why cancer cells are easier to grow in the lab than other cells. 4. Briefly discuss how horizontal gene transfer can increase genetic diversity in asexually reproducing prokaryotes. 5. Compare and contrast PCR and RFLP. When would one be ...
Bacterial Genetics
... • Unlike the F plasmid that can incorporate anywhere in the E. coli genome, lambda can only incorporate into a specific site, called attλ. The gal gene is on one side of attλ and the bio gene (biotin synthesis) is on the other side. • Sometimes when lambda come out of the chromosome at the end of th ...
... • Unlike the F plasmid that can incorporate anywhere in the E. coli genome, lambda can only incorporate into a specific site, called attλ. The gal gene is on one side of attλ and the bio gene (biotin synthesis) is on the other side. • Sometimes when lambda come out of the chromosome at the end of th ...
Intro to Genetics PPT
... • Therefore, when we talk about genetics, we are talking about sexual reproduction ...
... • Therefore, when we talk about genetics, we are talking about sexual reproduction ...
PowerPoint Presentation - Lectures For UG-5
... Desirable characters that are scattered in different varieties can be brought together by hybridization. But, sometimes, induction of new variability (new characters and character forms) may become necessary since no cultivars with such traits are available. The most common method used to induce new ...
... Desirable characters that are scattered in different varieties can be brought together by hybridization. But, sometimes, induction of new variability (new characters and character forms) may become necessary since no cultivars with such traits are available. The most common method used to induce new ...
INHERITANCE GENES AND
... 13. Hemophilia is a disease which is sex-linked. Those with the disease do not have normal clotting mechanisms in the blood which causes blood to clot when cut or bruised. This condition is inherited and until recently, was fatal to most of those who inherited it. The person with the disease usuall ...
... 13. Hemophilia is a disease which is sex-linked. Those with the disease do not have normal clotting mechanisms in the blood which causes blood to clot when cut or bruised. This condition is inherited and until recently, was fatal to most of those who inherited it. The person with the disease usuall ...
Genetics Lab: Monohybrid Crosses in Yeast
... In yeast, gametes contain eight chromosomes and diploid cells contain sixteen chromosomes. Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Baker’s yeast is an ideal organism for studying a complete life cycle because it can be maintained in either the haploid or diploid stages of development, thus making the concept of g ...
... In yeast, gametes contain eight chromosomes and diploid cells contain sixteen chromosomes. Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Baker’s yeast is an ideal organism for studying a complete life cycle because it can be maintained in either the haploid or diploid stages of development, thus making the concept of g ...
I. Genetics - LangdonBiology.org
... example, pea plants tend to grow to a set height, and can be either tall or short (there are no intermediate sizes). Tall and short are the two alleles for the plant height gene. In the pea, alleles are named using the same one letter abbreviation, with the dominant gene written as a capital letter, ...
... example, pea plants tend to grow to a set height, and can be either tall or short (there are no intermediate sizes). Tall and short are the two alleles for the plant height gene. In the pea, alleles are named using the same one letter abbreviation, with the dominant gene written as a capital letter, ...
14_Lecture_Presentation
... You should now be able to 1. Explain how the diverse assemblage of cichlid species evolved in Lake Victoria; explain why many of these species no longer exist 2. Compare the definitions, advantages, and disadvantages of the different species concepts 3. Describe five types of prezygotic barriers an ...
... You should now be able to 1. Explain how the diverse assemblage of cichlid species evolved in Lake Victoria; explain why many of these species no longer exist 2. Compare the definitions, advantages, and disadvantages of the different species concepts 3. Describe five types of prezygotic barriers an ...
Chapter 14 The Origin of Species
... You should now be able to 1. Explain how the diverse assemblage of cichlid species evolved in Lake Victoria; explain why many of these species no longer exist 2. Compare the definitions, advantages, and disadvantages of the different species concepts 3. Describe five types of prezygotic barriers an ...
... You should now be able to 1. Explain how the diverse assemblage of cichlid species evolved in Lake Victoria; explain why many of these species no longer exist 2. Compare the definitions, advantages, and disadvantages of the different species concepts 3. Describe five types of prezygotic barriers an ...
Dragon Genetics
... The simplest form of genetic inheritance for a single trait (coded for by a ___________) involves receiving one ___________ from the mother and one ___________ from the father. Sometimes the information from the mum and dad is identical, and sometimes it is not. The resulting combination of alleles ...
... The simplest form of genetic inheritance for a single trait (coded for by a ___________) involves receiving one ___________ from the mother and one ___________ from the father. Sometimes the information from the mum and dad is identical, and sometimes it is not. The resulting combination of alleles ...
BIO 1301 notes - Faulkner University
... Chromosomal proteins: scaffolding between genes? DNA repair Excision repair UV light Cancer and mole plotting ...
... Chromosomal proteins: scaffolding between genes? DNA repair Excision repair UV light Cancer and mole plotting ...
ppt - Bayesian Gene Expression
... • Performance, comparison with CGHMiner • Analyses of CGH-array cancer data sets • Extensions ...
... • Performance, comparison with CGHMiner • Analyses of CGH-array cancer data sets • Extensions ...
Pedigrees - Cobb Learning
... A. none of our body cells reproduce this way. B. many body cells reproduce this way. C. the parent cells do not divide. D. meiosis occurs. 2. How are sex cells different from other human cells? A. They have more chromosomes. B. They have half as many chromosomes. C. They are larger. D. They have no ...
... A. none of our body cells reproduce this way. B. many body cells reproduce this way. C. the parent cells do not divide. D. meiosis occurs. 2. How are sex cells different from other human cells? A. They have more chromosomes. B. They have half as many chromosomes. C. They are larger. D. They have no ...
development/genetics
... 2. Secondary oocyte must be fertilized with a day (within uterine tube) in order to grow mature enough to implant in uterus 3. Intercourse must occur between 1-2 days before ovulation and 1-2 after ovulation. B. Blocks to polyspermy 1. Sperm must penetrate cells and layers that come with the seconda ...
... 2. Secondary oocyte must be fertilized with a day (within uterine tube) in order to grow mature enough to implant in uterus 3. Intercourse must occur between 1-2 days before ovulation and 1-2 after ovulation. B. Blocks to polyspermy 1. Sperm must penetrate cells and layers that come with the seconda ...
Speciation and Extinction
... 1C.1a: Speciation rates can vary, especially when adaptive radiation occurs when new habitats become available. 1C.1b: Species extinction rates are rapid at times of ecological stress. Illustrative example: Five major extinctions 1C.2a: Speciation results in diversity of life forms. Species can be p ...
... 1C.1a: Speciation rates can vary, especially when adaptive radiation occurs when new habitats become available. 1C.1b: Species extinction rates are rapid at times of ecological stress. Illustrative example: Five major extinctions 1C.2a: Speciation results in diversity of life forms. Species can be p ...
Genes and Inheritance
... with pea plants were: The common pea plant was available throughout Europe It is easy to grow and matures quickly Pea plants self – pollinate, allowing Mendel to control which plants reproduced Different varieties of pea plants have different traits that can be easily observed from one generat ...
... with pea plants were: The common pea plant was available throughout Europe It is easy to grow and matures quickly Pea plants self – pollinate, allowing Mendel to control which plants reproduced Different varieties of pea plants have different traits that can be easily observed from one generat ...
Linked Genes and Gene Mapping
... How to determine if genes are really linked? • KEY: Look at recombinants in offspring of cross • EX: In fruit flies, tan body color is dominant to black and normal wing shape is dominant to vestigal wings. A hybrid male is crossed with a black vestigal winged female. ...
... How to determine if genes are really linked? • KEY: Look at recombinants in offspring of cross • EX: In fruit flies, tan body color is dominant to black and normal wing shape is dominant to vestigal wings. A hybrid male is crossed with a black vestigal winged female. ...
27. Introduction to speciation, allopatric speciation
... • Post-mating isolating mechanisms may often be present at end of Stage One • Pre-mating isolating mechanisms may or may not be present at end of Stage One • But if pre-mating R.I. is not present, hybrid matings result in genetic death • This REINFORCES pre-mating R.I. ...
... • Post-mating isolating mechanisms may often be present at end of Stage One • Pre-mating isolating mechanisms may or may not be present at end of Stage One • But if pre-mating R.I. is not present, hybrid matings result in genetic death • This REINFORCES pre-mating R.I. ...
The Cell Cycle - Kawameeh Middle School
... • Organisms that reproduce sexually form body cells and sex cells. • In body cells of most organisms, similar chromosomes occur in pairs. • Diploid cells are cells that have pairs of chromosomes. Humans have 46 chromosomes in a diploid cell. • Haploid cells are cells that have only one chromosome fr ...
... • Organisms that reproduce sexually form body cells and sex cells. • In body cells of most organisms, similar chromosomes occur in pairs. • Diploid cells are cells that have pairs of chromosomes. Humans have 46 chromosomes in a diploid cell. • Haploid cells are cells that have only one chromosome fr ...
Lect 7 JF 12
... individuals that differ in the phenotypic expression of a given trait e.g. tall vs dwarf 2. Evolution would also not be possible without variants 3. Variants are sometimes referred to as mutants especially if they have been deliberately produced in the laboratory 4. How do variants or mutants aris ...
... individuals that differ in the phenotypic expression of a given trait e.g. tall vs dwarf 2. Evolution would also not be possible without variants 3. Variants are sometimes referred to as mutants especially if they have been deliberately produced in the laboratory 4. How do variants or mutants aris ...
Practice Exam 2
... 15. The diagrams below show cells with the Lac Operon and Lac I (gene for the repressor) on a chromosome and a second Lac Operon and Lac I gene introduced on a plasmid. Determine the level of β-galactosidase protein production in each cell type under the described conditions. In each blank write eit ...
... 15. The diagrams below show cells with the Lac Operon and Lac I (gene for the repressor) on a chromosome and a second Lac Operon and Lac I gene introduced on a plasmid. Determine the level of β-galactosidase protein production in each cell type under the described conditions. In each blank write eit ...
Polyploid
Polyploid cells and organisms are those containing more than two paired (homologous) sets of chromosomes. Most species whose cells have nuclei (Eukaryotes) are diploid, meaning they have two sets of chromosomes—one set inherited from each parent. However, polyploidy is found in some organisms and is especially common in plants. In addition, polyploidy occurs in some tissues of animals that are otherwise diploid, such as human muscle tissues. This is known as endopolyploidy. Species whose cells do not have nuclei, that is, Prokaryotes, may be polyploid organisms, as seen in the large bacterium Epulopicium fishelsoni [1]. Hence ploidy is defined with respect to a cell. Most eukaryotes have diploid somatic cells, but produce haploid gametes (eggs and sperm) by meiosis. A monoploid has only one set of chromosomes, and the term is usually only applied to cells or organisms that are normally diploid. Male bees and other Hymenoptera, for example, are monoploid. Unlike animals, plants and multicellular algae have life cycles with two alternating multicellular generations. The gametophyte generation is haploid, and produces gametes by mitosis, the sporophyte generation is diploid and produces spores by meiosis.Polyploidy refers to a numerical change in a whole set of chromosomes. Organisms in which a particular chromosome, or chromosome segment, is under- or overrepresented are said to be aneuploid (from the Greek words meaning ""not"", ""good"", and ""fold""). Therefore the distinction between aneuploidy and polyploidy is that aneuploidy refers to a numerical change in part of the chromosome set, whereas polyploidy refers to a numerical change in the whole set of chromosomes.Polyploidy may occur due to abnormal cell division, either during mitosis, or commonly during metaphase I in meiosis.Polyploidy occurs in some animals, such as goldfish, salmon, and salamanders, but is especially common among ferns and flowering plants (see Hibiscus rosa-sinensis), including both wild and cultivated species. Wheat, for example, after millennia of hybridization and modification by humans, has strains that are diploid (two sets of chromosomes), tetraploid (four sets of chromosomes) with the common name of durum or macaroni wheat, and hexaploid (six sets of chromosomes) with the common name of bread wheat. Many agriculturally important plants of the genus Brassica are also tetraploids.Polyploidy can be induced in plants and cell cultures by some chemicals: the best known is colchicine, which can result in chromosome doubling, though its use may have other less obvious consequences as well. Oryzalin will also double the existing chromosome content.