• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
Parallel Resonance - KFUPM Resources v3
Parallel Resonance - KFUPM Resources v3

... producing a significant current that resulted in high VC and VL. For parallel resonant circuit, the impedance is relatively high at resonance producing a significant voltage for VC and VL. Note the relationship ...
operation modes of full-bridge voltage
operation modes of full-bridge voltage

... On the contrary, the switch turn-on takes place at very disadvantageous conditions – at full current and voltage equal to supply voltage. Additionally, high reverse-recovery diode current spikes flows also through the switches that have been turned-on (this is not seen in Fig. 6, because the element ...
The Basics of Insulation Testing
The Basics of Insulation Testing

... Setting Up a Maintenance Program The key to establishing a reliable maintenance program is consistency. Periodic tests should be performed with the same test equipment, with the same connections, and for the same length of time. It is also advantageous to test at the same temperature, but changing s ...
NB3N106K 3.3V Differential 1:6 Fanout Clock Driver with HCSL Outputs
NB3N106K 3.3V Differential 1:6 Fanout Clock Driver with HCSL Outputs

... are registered trademarks of Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC (SCILLC). SCILLC reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. SCILLC makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor doe ...
BU52272NUZ - ROHM Semiconductor
BU52272NUZ - ROHM Semiconductor

Top Five Switchgear Failure Causes
Top Five Switchgear Failure Causes

... bus can quickly cause severe personal injury or death and immediate severe equipment damage (see figure 6). Additionally, the breaker may not always line up properly or may encounter other difficulties as it is being racked, and these problems can cause a sudden severe fault. Unfortunately, the trad ...
Article - Using Microelectrodes
Article - Using Microelectrodes

... electrodes to measure redox potentials of oxidizable compounds in biological tissues. Metal electrodes behave electrically in moist preparations as if they are a small resistance in series with a larger resistance and parallel capacitance: they are not suitable for measuring standing DC potentials. ...
Common Emitter(CE)
Common Emitter(CE)

... – It can be seen that IC flows even when VCB is zero – It is due to the fact that electrons are being injected into base due to forward biased E-B junction and are collected by collector due to action of internal junction voltage at C-B junction – Another important feature is that a small amount of ...
DUAL OUTPUT POWER SUPPLY Agilent MODEL
DUAL OUTPUT POWER SUPPLY Agilent MODEL

... Less than 0.1% plus 5 mV (dc to 20 Hz) during 8 hours at constant line, load and ambient after an initial warm-up time of 30 minutes. ...
CT-06-100 Datasheet - Mouser Electronics
CT-06-100 Datasheet - Mouser Electronics

9. Grid-Connected of Photovoltaic Systems
9. Grid-Connected of Photovoltaic Systems

... on different roofs connected on a single main bus. The influence of shading is less important than in configuration a, as shaded modules will only affect the chain they are installed on. Among other advantages, a breakdown of an inverter causes the complete halt of a chain (but not of the whole PV f ...
Using microelectrodes - The University of Texas at Dallas
Using microelectrodes - The University of Texas at Dallas

Introduction to Programming - Louisiana Space Consortium
Introduction to Programming - Louisiana Space Consortium

... Pull Up and Pull Down Resistors •BASIC Stamp I/O pins defined as inputs have high-impedance. Pins can be in an unpredictable HIGH or LOW state when charged are discharged by leakage paths on the printed circuit board. •Many misbehaving CMOS circuits or micro-controller programs can be traced to unc ...
Three-phase Voltage, Asymmetry, and Phase-sequence Phase
Three-phase Voltage, Asymmetry, and Phase-sequence Phase

assembly instructions amp6-basic
assembly instructions amp6-basic

... ƒ Check so the speaker cables are not shorted - The sound is weak from one channel. o Check if there is a 12V voltage offset on one output. In that case, an output transistor is probably damaged and the chip needs to be replaced. - The amp plays fine but there is a hizzzzzzing sound from the speaker ...
AD7171 数据手册DataSheet下载
AD7171 数据手册DataSheet下载

... the driving source. Therefore, resistor/capacitor combinations on the input pins can cause dc gain errors, depending on the output impedance of the source that is driving the ADC input. Table 7 shows the allowable external resistance/capacitance values such that no gain error at the 16-bit level is ...
SDD-3000 Manual
SDD-3000 Manual

... The ATTENUATOR switch selects the basic or "nominal" level of the VARIABLE Output jack. It should be set to a position matching the input require ments of the equipment connected to the SDD-3000. in order to achieve best noise & distortion performance. Equipment ranging from electric guitar amplifie ...
effects of concrete on touch and step voltages in substations
effects of concrete on touch and step voltages in substations

...  In wet conditions, ungrounded rebars and wire meshes tend to equalize voltages spatially (along diagonal). In the process, touch voltages are reduced in comparison with slab having no reinforcement (Pad 1). As concrete dries, ungrounded rebars become less effective with characteristics similar to ...
AC GENERATOR COMPONENTS
AC GENERATOR COMPONENTS

... AC generator (refer to Figure 1). The slip ring consists of a circular conducting material that is connected to the rotor windings and insulated from the shaft. Brushes ride on the slip ring as the rotor rotates. The electrical connection to the rotor is made by connections to the brushes. Slip ring ...
A Review of Analytical Modelling Of Thermal Noise in
A Review of Analytical Modelling Of Thermal Noise in

... channel approximation, induced gate thermal noise, noise contribution by Rs and Rd. These models can be used for long channel and short channel device modelling by taking into account all of the above models. The thermal noise behaviour of MOSFET with decreasing channel length can be understood. Key ...
USB Proceedings 2016 IEEE International Power Electronics and
USB Proceedings 2016 IEEE International Power Electronics and

... the MPPT algorithm and stabilizes the output DC voltage to a value convenient for operation of an inverter or a DC load (like a battery) [8]. One direction of development for power electronic converters is the connection of two or more converters in parallel [9]. This technique is more frequently us ...
BDTIC I S O F A C E
BDTIC I S O F A C E

Foxboro IMT25 I/A Series® Intelligent Magnetic Flow Transmitters
Foxboro IMT25 I/A Series® Intelligent Magnetic Flow Transmitters

Power Diodes Characteristics Power Diode
Power Diodes Characteristics Power Diode

Lecture 1
Lecture 1

... Composite Stage Example 2 • This example shows that by probing different nodes in a circuit, different output signals can be obtained. • Vout1 is a result of M1 acting as a source follower, whereas Vout2 is a result of M1 acting as a CS stage with degeneration. ...
< 1 ... 590 591 592 593 594 595 596 597 598 ... 2207 >

Resistive opto-isolator



Resistive opto-isolator (RO), also called photoresistive opto-isolator, vactrol (after a genericized trademark introduced by Vactec, Inc. in the 1960s), analog opto-isolator or lamp-coupled photocell, is an optoelectronic device consisting of a source and detector of light, which are optically coupled and electrically isolated from each other. The light source is usually a light-emitting diode (LED), a miniature incandescent lamp, or sometimes a neon lamp, whereas the detector is a semiconductor-based photoresistor made of cadmium selenide (CdSe) or cadmium sulfide (CdS). The source and detector are coupled through a transparent glue or through the air.Electrically, RO is a resistance controlled by the current flowing through the light source. In the dark state, the resistance typically exceeds a few MOhm; when illuminated, it decreases as the inverse of the light intensity. In contrast to the photodiode and phototransistor, the photoresistor can operate in both the AC and DC circuits and have a voltage of several hundred volts across it. The harmonic distortions of the output current by the RO are typically within 0.1% at voltages below 0.5 V.RO is the first and the slowest opto-isolator: its switching time exceeds 1 ms, and for the lamp-based models can reach hundreds of milliseconds. Parasitic capacitance limits the frequency range of the photoresistor by ultrasonic frequencies. Cadmium-based photoresistors exhibit a ""memory effect"": their resistance depends on the illumination history; it also drifts during the illumination and stabilizes within hours, or even weeks for high-sensitivity models. Heating induces irreversible degradation of ROs, whereas cooling to below −25 °C dramatically increases the response time. Therefore, ROs were mostly replaced in the 1970s by the faster and more stable photodiodes and photoresistors. ROs are still used in some sound equipment, guitar amplifiers and analog synthesizers owing to their good electrical isolation, low signal distortion and ease of circuit design.
  • studyres.com © 2026
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report