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CONSTAVOLT® FLOAT BATTERY CHARGER
CONSTAVOLT® FLOAT BATTERY CHARGER

... to reduce the charge rate. The zener diode sensor begins to conduct into the transistor regulator and begins to shunt the current from the saturating coil to the reactor. The reactor begins to de-saturate increasing the impedance, and the voltage to the transformer primary begins to drop, thus decre ...
MAX3386E 3.0V, ±25kV ESD-Protected RS-232 Transceiver for PDAs and Cell Phones General Description
MAX3386E 3.0V, ±25kV ESD-Protected RS-232 Transceiver for PDAs and Cell Phones General Description

... inputs and outputs are protected to ±25kV using the IEC 1000-4-2 Air-Gap Discharge method, ±8kV using the IEC 1000-4-2 Contact Discharge method, and ±15kV using the Human Body Model. A proprietary low-dropout transmitter output stage enables true RS-232 performance from a +3.0V to +5.5V supply with ...
` 76/
` 76/

74AC14, 74ACT14 Hex Inverter with Schmitt Trigger Input
74AC14, 74ACT14 Hex Inverter with Schmitt Trigger Input

... The 74AC14 and 74ACT14 contain six inverter gates each with a Schmitt trigger input. They are capable of transforming slowly changing input signals into sharply defined, jitter-free output signals. In addition, they have a greater noise margin than conventional inverters. ...
MAX4090 3V/5V, 6dB Video Buffer with Sync-Tip Clamp
MAX4090 3V/5V, 6dB Video Buffer with Sync-Tip Clamp

Practice Work #1
Practice Work #1

... this equation. Also, since temperature is a factor in the diode equation, a forward-biased PN junction may also be used as a temperature-sensing device, and thus can only be understood if one has a conceptual grasp on this mathematical relationship. A reverse-biased diode prevents current from going ...
Power Amplifiers
Power Amplifiers

... Ranges of Frequency Another way to describe amplifiers is by stating their frequency range. For instance, an audio amplifier refers to an amplifier that operates in the range of 20 Hz to 20 kHz. On the other hand, a radio-frequency (RF) amplifier is one that amplifies frequencies above 20 kHz, usual ...
585 TECPak User's Manual
585 TECPak User's Manual

... Control of the TECPak can be done two ways: use the RS232 or USB computer interfaces and control the instrument from the PC, or use the analog interface. This quick start guide uses the computer interface. More information on the analog interface can be found later in the manual. Install the Arroyo ...
U100 Manual
U100 Manual

- Sacramento
- Sacramento

... Continuous Wave Doppler radars. This type of radar transmits a signal at a single frequency and, if the target is moving, it receives a reflection of the same signal at slightly higher or lower frequency. From this frequency shift, the speed of the monitored object can be deduced. Another type of ra ...
TrueAlert Addressable Notification Appliances
TrueAlert Addressable Notification Appliances

... provide separate visible and audible notification using a single two-wire circuit that also confirms connection to the individual notification appliance’s electronic circuit. This operation increases circuit supervision integrity by providing supervision that extends beyond the appliance wiring conn ...
Impacts of Various Representations of Core Saturation Curve
Impacts of Various Representations of Core Saturation Curve

... than 2nF. However, in a high voltage substation with multiple incoming and outgoing feeders and depending on the busbar configuration, the equivalent grading capacitance can reach a few nFs. In this study, the equivalent grading capacitance is Cg=8nF. In addition, the stray capacitance Cs of the con ...
simulation schematic simulation schematic and graphic
simulation schematic simulation schematic and graphic

... invo lves electronic equipment failure analysis. The present article proposes modeling the HBM ESD event using a realistic model, including all the circuit elements that may be involved in the process. Schematic representation of human body model as electrical charges generator is realized using adv ...
AN2950
AN2950

... The power supply is set-up in a flyback topology. Its schematic is shown in Figure 2. The input section includes the protection elements (fuse and NTC for inrush current limiting), a filter for EMC suppression (C1, T2, C13), a diode bridge (BR1) and an electrolytic bulk capacitor (C3) as the front-e ...
ReactiVar - Schneider Electric
ReactiVar - Schneider Electric

Type LFAA 103 Mesh Corner Unit
Type LFAA 103 Mesh Corner Unit

Voltage-Level Translation Guide
Voltage-Level Translation Guide

Electrical Machines I
Electrical Machines I

... voltage due to neutral-plane shift. Therefore, both voltages cancel each other over a wide range of loads. This approach works for both DC motors and generators.  The interpoles must be of the same polarity as the next upcoming main pole in a generator  The interpoles must be of the same polarity ...
TFT - Bahnhof
TFT - Bahnhof

Y. Hu, W. Rieutort-Louis, J. Sanz-Robinson, L. Huang, B. Glisic, J.C. Sturm, S. Wagner, and N. Verma, "Large-Scale Sensing System Combining Large-Area Electronics and CMOS ICs for Structural-Health Monitoring", J. Solid-State Circuits, Vol 49, pp. 513-523 (FEB 2014).
Y. Hu, W. Rieutort-Louis, J. Sanz-Robinson, L. Huang, B. Glisic, J.C. Sturm, S. Wagner, and N. Verma, "Large-Scale Sensing System Combining Large-Area Electronics and CMOS ICs for Structural-Health Monitoring", J. Solid-State Circuits, Vol 49, pp. 513-523 (FEB 2014).

Technical Note - Schneider Electric
Technical Note - Schneider Electric

... dryers, and air conditioners are connected across the two live conductors and operate at 240V, requiring less current and smaller conductors than would be needed if the appliances were designed for 120V operation. Since the current in each leg of a split-phase system is 180° out-of-phase, the neutra ...
Reliable Protection for systems, generators and motors up to 1600 A
Reliable Protection for systems, generators and motors up to 1600 A

ICS85322 - Integrated Device Technology
ICS85322 - Integrated Device Technology

SN65LVEL11 数据资料 dataSheet 下载
SN65LVEL11 数据资料 dataSheet 下载

... Maximum switching frequency measured at output amplitude of 300 mVpp. Within-device skew is defined as identical transitions on similar paths through a device. Device-Device Skew is defined as identical transitions at identical Vcc levels. Duty cycle skew is the difference between a tPLH and tPHL pr ...
An Improved Actuator for Earth-Tide Compensation in the LIGO
An Improved Actuator for Earth-Tide Compensation in the LIGO

... fluctuations, which can be particularly significant because the cavity must be controlled on the order of a mK while room temperature may vary by up to a degree. Currently, insulation is installed around the vacuum chamber in an attempt to minimize this effect. The chamber cannot be completely insul ...
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Resistive opto-isolator



Resistive opto-isolator (RO), also called photoresistive opto-isolator, vactrol (after a genericized trademark introduced by Vactec, Inc. in the 1960s), analog opto-isolator or lamp-coupled photocell, is an optoelectronic device consisting of a source and detector of light, which are optically coupled and electrically isolated from each other. The light source is usually a light-emitting diode (LED), a miniature incandescent lamp, or sometimes a neon lamp, whereas the detector is a semiconductor-based photoresistor made of cadmium selenide (CdSe) or cadmium sulfide (CdS). The source and detector are coupled through a transparent glue or through the air.Electrically, RO is a resistance controlled by the current flowing through the light source. In the dark state, the resistance typically exceeds a few MOhm; when illuminated, it decreases as the inverse of the light intensity. In contrast to the photodiode and phototransistor, the photoresistor can operate in both the AC and DC circuits and have a voltage of several hundred volts across it. The harmonic distortions of the output current by the RO are typically within 0.1% at voltages below 0.5 V.RO is the first and the slowest opto-isolator: its switching time exceeds 1 ms, and for the lamp-based models can reach hundreds of milliseconds. Parasitic capacitance limits the frequency range of the photoresistor by ultrasonic frequencies. Cadmium-based photoresistors exhibit a ""memory effect"": their resistance depends on the illumination history; it also drifts during the illumination and stabilizes within hours, or even weeks for high-sensitivity models. Heating induces irreversible degradation of ROs, whereas cooling to below −25 °C dramatically increases the response time. Therefore, ROs were mostly replaced in the 1970s by the faster and more stable photodiodes and photoresistors. ROs are still used in some sound equipment, guitar amplifiers and analog synthesizers owing to their good electrical isolation, low signal distortion and ease of circuit design.
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