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GM862-QUAD / PY Hardware User Guide
GM862-QUAD / PY Hardware User Guide

... avoided will be evidenced. Obviously this document cannot embrace the whole hardware solutions and products that may be designed. The wrong solutions to be avoided shall be considered as mandatory, while the suggested hardware configurations shall not be considered mandatory, instead the information ...
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HIGH FREQUENCY ELECTRONIC BALLASTS
HIGH FREQUENCY ELECTRONIC BALLASTS

... Mark 10® Powerline electronic dimming ballasts are controlled by 2-wire modified powerline phase-cut style line voltage dimmers. Whenever the ballast is dimmed, the input voltage is cut or “chopped”, causing the THD and THC to increase and the Power Factor to decrease. Mark 10® Powerline electronic ...
Chapter 3 Sensor Technology
Chapter 3 Sensor Technology

... distance), reflex controls will not sense as far as throughbeam sensors. However, reflex controls offer a powerful sensing system that is easy to mount and does not require that electrical wire to be run on both sides of the sensing areas. The main limitation of these sensors is that a shiny surface ...
troubleshooting and maintenance guide
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... (!) Some rotary rate switches have 8 positions but are off in every other position and are only on in the 3, 6, 9, & 12 o’clock positions. Testing the Rate Switch: • The easiest way to test the switch is while it is still connected in the charger. Using a voltmeter set to AC, measure the voltage acr ...
Transmission Line EMF Interference with Buried Pipeline: Essential
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Analogue meters

... A counter counts these pulses for the duration of the sampling period. So for if the sampling period is 0.1 second, there would be 200 pulses counted for this 200 mV signal. This accumulated count is displayed on the digital display. ...
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MMDTA06 Features & Benefits Mechanical Data
MMDTA06 Features & Benefits Mechanical Data

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From: Wilf Rigter

... used for other things like the master/slave bicore or motor drivers. So when experimenting with this reverser on a breadboard, use just one half of the 240 chip wired up as one reverser. As always GROUND UNUSED INPUT PINS to avoid unexplained problems. The reverser circuit works by letting the contr ...
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... The TQP4M9071 is a high linearity, low insertion loss, wideband, 6-bit, 31.5 dB digital step attenuator. The digital step attenuator uses a single 3.3V or 5V supply and has a parallel control interface for changing attenuation states. This product maintains high attenuation accuracy over frequency a ...
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... is pulled LOW, indicating that new data is available to be read by the external microcontroller/microprocessor. As shown in the block diagram, the main functional blocks of the ADS1254 are the fourth-order delta-sigma modulator, a digital filter, control logic, and a serial interface. Each of these ...
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... 5 MBd Logic Link Design If resistor R1 in Figure 2 is 70.4 W, a forward current I F of 48 mA is applied to the HFBR-14x4 LED transmitter. With IF = 48 mA the HFBR-14x4/24x2 logic link is guaranteed to work with 62.5/125 µm fiber optic cable over the entire range of 0 to 1750 meters at a data rate of ...
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... Parameters provided in datasheets and / or specifications may vary in different applications and performance may vary over time. All operating parameters, including typical parameters, must be validated for each customer application by the customer’s technical experts. Product specifications do not ...
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... only, which do not imply functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under Recommended Operating Conditions. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. All voltages are measured with respect to GND ...
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... voltage schedule requirements at the POI. 3.2.4 The Automatic Voltage Control system will normally be required to regulate the voltage at the POI. However, in some circumstances, it may be more efficient or necessary, as determined by the CAISO in coordination with the PTO, to regulate the voltage a ...
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... (ENABLE1 and ENABLE2) that control each regulator independently. The single-output MAX6795/MAX6796 feature one enable input (ENABLE). All devices include a hold input (HOLD) that aids the implementation of a self-holding circuit without requiring external components. Once the regulator is enabled, s ...
Dual Output BWR Models
Dual Output BWR Models

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Resistive opto-isolator



Resistive opto-isolator (RO), also called photoresistive opto-isolator, vactrol (after a genericized trademark introduced by Vactec, Inc. in the 1960s), analog opto-isolator or lamp-coupled photocell, is an optoelectronic device consisting of a source and detector of light, which are optically coupled and electrically isolated from each other. The light source is usually a light-emitting diode (LED), a miniature incandescent lamp, or sometimes a neon lamp, whereas the detector is a semiconductor-based photoresistor made of cadmium selenide (CdSe) or cadmium sulfide (CdS). The source and detector are coupled through a transparent glue or through the air.Electrically, RO is a resistance controlled by the current flowing through the light source. In the dark state, the resistance typically exceeds a few MOhm; when illuminated, it decreases as the inverse of the light intensity. In contrast to the photodiode and phototransistor, the photoresistor can operate in both the AC and DC circuits and have a voltage of several hundred volts across it. The harmonic distortions of the output current by the RO are typically within 0.1% at voltages below 0.5 V.RO is the first and the slowest opto-isolator: its switching time exceeds 1 ms, and for the lamp-based models can reach hundreds of milliseconds. Parasitic capacitance limits the frequency range of the photoresistor by ultrasonic frequencies. Cadmium-based photoresistors exhibit a ""memory effect"": their resistance depends on the illumination history; it also drifts during the illumination and stabilizes within hours, or even weeks for high-sensitivity models. Heating induces irreversible degradation of ROs, whereas cooling to below −25 °C dramatically increases the response time. Therefore, ROs were mostly replaced in the 1970s by the faster and more stable photodiodes and photoresistors. ROs are still used in some sound equipment, guitar amplifiers and analog synthesizers owing to their good electrical isolation, low signal distortion and ease of circuit design.
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