2009 30 Spring Wiring Matters
... should be used for this purpose. The use of multirange instruments is not recommended as it is possible to select an inappropriate range setting; the leads may not be sufficiently robust; and the probes may have excessive bare metal exposed; all of which may possibly put the user in danger. Reliance ...
... should be used for this purpose. The use of multirange instruments is not recommended as it is possible to select an inappropriate range setting; the leads may not be sufficiently robust; and the probes may have excessive bare metal exposed; all of which may possibly put the user in danger. Reliance ...
Thesis Report
... In PWM, the amplitude of the output voltage can be controlled with the modulating waveforms. Reduced filter requirements to decrease harmonics and the control of the output voltage amplitude are two distinct advantages of PWM. Disadvantages include more complex control circuits for the switches and ...
... In PWM, the amplitude of the output voltage can be controlled with the modulating waveforms. Reduced filter requirements to decrease harmonics and the control of the output voltage amplitude are two distinct advantages of PWM. Disadvantages include more complex control circuits for the switches and ...
pc2181e-08_lec1 - Particle Physics Group
... Ohm’s Law: V = IR • V is the potential difference across the resister • R is the resister (): typically k • I is the current (A): typically mA ...
... Ohm’s Law: V = IR • V is the potential difference across the resister • R is the resister (): typically k • I is the current (A): typically mA ...
Evaluates: MAX4993 MAX4993 Evaluation Kit General Description Features
... MAX4993 DPDT analog switch in a 1.4mm x 1.8mm 10pin ultra-thin QFN package specified for operating over the -40°C to +85°C extended temperature range. The IC’s slow turn-on time provides click-and-pop reduction without additional parts in portable audio applications. The IC features low 0.3Ω RON res ...
... MAX4993 DPDT analog switch in a 1.4mm x 1.8mm 10pin ultra-thin QFN package specified for operating over the -40°C to +85°C extended temperature range. The IC’s slow turn-on time provides click-and-pop reduction without additional parts in portable audio applications. The IC features low 0.3Ω RON res ...
AN1549: Addressing Power Issues in Real Time Clock
... Some applications involving the RTC device may unknowingly expose the device to excessive transients which may not permanently damage the device, but may corrupt the EEPROM and SRAM contents. Specifically, those applications which use offline AC power and switch it on and off can produce voltage bou ...
... Some applications involving the RTC device may unknowingly expose the device to excessive transients which may not permanently damage the device, but may corrupt the EEPROM and SRAM contents. Specifically, those applications which use offline AC power and switch it on and off can produce voltage bou ...
Lecture 4
... a) Zener breakdown occurs when the electric field is sufficiently high to pull an electron out of a covalent bond (to generate an electron-hole pair). b) Avalanche breakdown occurs when electrons and holes gain sufficient kinetic energy (due to acceleration by the E-field) in-between scattering even ...
... a) Zener breakdown occurs when the electric field is sufficiently high to pull an electron out of a covalent bond (to generate an electron-hole pair). b) Avalanche breakdown occurs when electrons and holes gain sufficient kinetic energy (due to acceleration by the E-field) in-between scattering even ...
MAX16927 Automotive TFT-LCD Power Supply with Boost, Buck, and Cuk Converters,
... buffers, one of which supports negative output voltages. The device is designed to operate from a supply voltage between 4.5V and 16V, making it ideal for automotive TFT-LCD applications. Alternatively, the device can operate from an available 3V to 5.5V supply. The device uses an integrated SPI int ...
... buffers, one of which supports negative output voltages. The device is designed to operate from a supply voltage between 4.5V and 16V, making it ideal for automotive TFT-LCD applications. Alternatively, the device can operate from an available 3V to 5.5V supply. The device uses an integrated SPI int ...
Proposed Test Procedure for VDSL/VDSL2 Signal Power
... the downstream spectrum as well as other DSL systems potentially affected by crosstalk. The masks presents measurement challenges because it specifies such a broad range of signal levels, which can’t practically be made in a single sweep due to limitations in the spectrum analyzer’s dynamic range. F ...
... the downstream spectrum as well as other DSL systems potentially affected by crosstalk. The masks presents measurement challenges because it specifies such a broad range of signal levels, which can’t practically be made in a single sweep due to limitations in the spectrum analyzer’s dynamic range. F ...
designing an uninterruptible power supply based on the high
... converter has been presented in detail, from which design equations and circuit parameters were derived. The proposed converter can be operated with PWM control and constant switching frequency 20 kHz. Experimental results have verified that the proposed converter can achieve high efficiency over a ...
... converter has been presented in detail, from which design equations and circuit parameters were derived. The proposed converter can be operated with PWM control and constant switching frequency 20 kHz. Experimental results have verified that the proposed converter can achieve high efficiency over a ...
MAX5391L/MAX5391N Evaluation Systems Evaluate: General Description Features
... Search for the best driver for your device option. Specify the location of the device driver to be C:\Program Files\MAX5391L or C:\Program Files\ MAX5391N (default installation directory) using the Browse button. During device driver installation, Windows may show a warning message indicating that t ...
... Search for the best driver for your device option. Specify the location of the device driver to be C:\Program Files\MAX5391L or C:\Program Files\ MAX5391N (default installation directory) using the Browse button. During device driver installation, Windows may show a warning message indicating that t ...
Zetex - AN22 - High frequency DC-DC conversion using high current
... method to allow this. Switching frequencies therefore have increased from tens of kHz to hundreds of kHz, which has forced a revision of the enabling switching devices. It is an often assumed maxim that bipolar transistors are useful for DC-DC conversion functions up to perhaps 50kHz, and for servic ...
... method to allow this. Switching frequencies therefore have increased from tens of kHz to hundreds of kHz, which has forced a revision of the enabling switching devices. It is an often assumed maxim that bipolar transistors are useful for DC-DC conversion functions up to perhaps 50kHz, and for servic ...
modeling and control of the ultracapacitor
... When the controlled electric drive operates in steady state, being supplied from the ultracapacitor, the load power and the ultracapacitor power are balanced, UC0IC0 + PLOAD = 0. ...
... When the controlled electric drive operates in steady state, being supplied from the ultracapacitor, the load power and the ultracapacitor power are balanced, UC0IC0 + PLOAD = 0. ...
LTC1408 - Linear Technology
... fully differentially with respect to CH3– with a 0V to 2.5V, or ±1.25V differential swing and a 0V to VDD absolute input range. CH3– (Pin 15): Inverting Channel 3. CH3– operates fully differentially with respect to CH3+ with a –2.5V to 0V, or ±1.25V differential swing and a 0V to VDD absolute input ...
... fully differentially with respect to CH3– with a 0V to 2.5V, or ±1.25V differential swing and a 0V to VDD absolute input range. CH3– (Pin 15): Inverting Channel 3. CH3– operates fully differentially with respect to CH3+ with a –2.5V to 0V, or ±1.25V differential swing and a 0V to VDD absolute input ...
Agilent AN 372-1 Power Supply Testing
... operate in CR mode for constant voltage and constant current power supplies. The load should also have lower PARD than the power supply being tested. This is especially important when measuring the PARD of linear power supplies, since they typically have excellent PARD specifications. A regulated ac ...
... operate in CR mode for constant voltage and constant current power supplies. The load should also have lower PARD than the power supply being tested. This is especially important when measuring the PARD of linear power supplies, since they typically have excellent PARD specifications. A regulated ac ...
Active GaAs FET Mixers Using the ATF-10136, ATF-13736, and ATF-13484 Application Note G005
... A good start for the output matching network is to merely match the device output reflection coefficient, S22, at the LO frequency. With the help of the computer, the input network is optimized for low low noise or best input match while the output network is designed to provide a good match at the ...
... A good start for the output matching network is to merely match the device output reflection coefficient, S22, at the LO frequency. With the help of the computer, the input network is optimized for low low noise or best input match while the output network is designed to provide a good match at the ...
DC-DC Converter
... • The ON and OFF period for the constant switching frequency operation. • Output current if the resistance load equal to 10 Ω. • Average input inductor current. • The maximum and minimum currents via the input inductor if the inductance is ...
... • The ON and OFF period for the constant switching frequency operation. • Output current if the resistance load equal to 10 Ω. • Average input inductor current. • The maximum and minimum currents via the input inductor if the inductance is ...
УДК 533.915 FORMATION STAGES OF PULSED DISCHARGE IN
... cannot do without plasma technologies. Plasma technologies based on direct current gas discharges are the simplest ones, but in recent decades the radio frequency discharges have come to the front and become the main plasma tool for large-scale production of semiconductor devices. Conventionally dif ...
... cannot do without plasma technologies. Plasma technologies based on direct current gas discharges are the simplest ones, but in recent decades the radio frequency discharges have come to the front and become the main plasma tool for large-scale production of semiconductor devices. Conventionally dif ...
Resistive opto-isolator
Resistive opto-isolator (RO), also called photoresistive opto-isolator, vactrol (after a genericized trademark introduced by Vactec, Inc. in the 1960s), analog opto-isolator or lamp-coupled photocell, is an optoelectronic device consisting of a source and detector of light, which are optically coupled and electrically isolated from each other. The light source is usually a light-emitting diode (LED), a miniature incandescent lamp, or sometimes a neon lamp, whereas the detector is a semiconductor-based photoresistor made of cadmium selenide (CdSe) or cadmium sulfide (CdS). The source and detector are coupled through a transparent glue or through the air.Electrically, RO is a resistance controlled by the current flowing through the light source. In the dark state, the resistance typically exceeds a few MOhm; when illuminated, it decreases as the inverse of the light intensity. In contrast to the photodiode and phototransistor, the photoresistor can operate in both the AC and DC circuits and have a voltage of several hundred volts across it. The harmonic distortions of the output current by the RO are typically within 0.1% at voltages below 0.5 V.RO is the first and the slowest opto-isolator: its switching time exceeds 1 ms, and for the lamp-based models can reach hundreds of milliseconds. Parasitic capacitance limits the frequency range of the photoresistor by ultrasonic frequencies. Cadmium-based photoresistors exhibit a ""memory effect"": their resistance depends on the illumination history; it also drifts during the illumination and stabilizes within hours, or even weeks for high-sensitivity models. Heating induces irreversible degradation of ROs, whereas cooling to below −25 °C dramatically increases the response time. Therefore, ROs were mostly replaced in the 1970s by the faster and more stable photodiodes and photoresistors. ROs are still used in some sound equipment, guitar amplifiers and analog synthesizers owing to their good electrical isolation, low signal distortion and ease of circuit design.