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The ABC`s Of Electronic Fluorescent ballasts
The ABC`s Of Electronic Fluorescent ballasts

... whenelectricity passes through a lamp filament, it heats the filament until it glows (incandesces) and produces light. The amount of light produced depends on the amount of electrical current passing through the filament. In addition to producing light, the filament also limits the current to safe o ...
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... user-supplied pulse generator unit or a computer generated TM signal from a LabVIEW program. Typically, beam pulse widths from 2 µsec to DC with a 500 nsec rise/fall time and repetition rates up to 5 kHz maximum can be achieved with appropriate TTL inputs. With this dual grid pulsing option, beam pu ...
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... small size, and internal reference. The MAX11156 measures a ±5V (10VP-P) input range while operating from a single 5V supply. A patented charge-pump architecture allows direct sampling of high- impedance sources. The MAX11156 integrates an optional 6ppm/°C reference with internal buffer, saving the ...
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IEEE NSS LST OSU HV System - OSU Physics

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Impedance Matching and Matching Networks

... and T configuration. Each of them has advantages and disadvantages. Most commonly used matching network in plasma processing is the L circuit. The reasons are: Simplicity - Easy to build auto matching networks. It has only two components to be controlled for adjusting the real and imaginary part of ...
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... The material included in this textbook covers the huge variety of known electronic circuits to a very limited degree only. I have made efforts to introduce fundamental concepts, define terminology, and discuss elementary circuits that comprise diodes, fieldeffect and bipolar transistors, as well as ...
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... overall efficiency of the buck converter. Since the model focuses on the performance of the CSD during turn-on and turnoff transitions of control FET, the parasitic inductances such as common source inductance and switching loop inductance for control FET that affect the switching transition have be ...
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Technical Tips to use back up switch over circuit of R2051/61/62
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... The discussion is mainly focused on drives application but it could easily be other applications too. The first is the dc-link shoot through as shown in Fig. 2a. This can happen in the case of a fault in the control circuit or an interior fault in an IGBT-module. A dangerous case happens if a fault ...
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... How to avoid shock. • Turn power off before working on equipment. • Don’t touch circuits that could have high voltage on them. • Do not allow electrons to flow through the heart. I don’t think the snake knew about this detail. ...
Worst Case Power/Ground Noise Estimation Using an Equivalent
Worst Case Power/Ground Noise Estimation Using an Equivalent

... switching events [9], [10]. Several factors such as the placement, size, and recharge time of the decoupling capacitors should be considered for efficiency [11]–[13]. Another important considresonance. The pareration for decoupling capacitors is the with the paraallel combination of the decoupling c ...
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LTM4608A - Low VIN, 8A DC/DC uModule with Tracking, Margining, and Frequency Synchronization
LTM4608A - Low VIN, 8A DC/DC uModule with Tracking, Margining, and Frequency Synchronization

... Detector. This pin is internally terminated to SGND with a 50k resistor. The phase locked loop will force the internal top power PMOS turn on to be synchronized with the rising edge of the CLKIN signal. Connect this pin to SVIN to enable spread spectrum modulation. During external synchronization, m ...
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Resistive opto-isolator



Resistive opto-isolator (RO), also called photoresistive opto-isolator, vactrol (after a genericized trademark introduced by Vactec, Inc. in the 1960s), analog opto-isolator or lamp-coupled photocell, is an optoelectronic device consisting of a source and detector of light, which are optically coupled and electrically isolated from each other. The light source is usually a light-emitting diode (LED), a miniature incandescent lamp, or sometimes a neon lamp, whereas the detector is a semiconductor-based photoresistor made of cadmium selenide (CdSe) or cadmium sulfide (CdS). The source and detector are coupled through a transparent glue or through the air.Electrically, RO is a resistance controlled by the current flowing through the light source. In the dark state, the resistance typically exceeds a few MOhm; when illuminated, it decreases as the inverse of the light intensity. In contrast to the photodiode and phototransistor, the photoresistor can operate in both the AC and DC circuits and have a voltage of several hundred volts across it. The harmonic distortions of the output current by the RO are typically within 0.1% at voltages below 0.5 V.RO is the first and the slowest opto-isolator: its switching time exceeds 1 ms, and for the lamp-based models can reach hundreds of milliseconds. Parasitic capacitance limits the frequency range of the photoresistor by ultrasonic frequencies. Cadmium-based photoresistors exhibit a ""memory effect"": their resistance depends on the illumination history; it also drifts during the illumination and stabilizes within hours, or even weeks for high-sensitivity models. Heating induces irreversible degradation of ROs, whereas cooling to below −25 °C dramatically increases the response time. Therefore, ROs were mostly replaced in the 1970s by the faster and more stable photodiodes and photoresistors. ROs are still used in some sound equipment, guitar amplifiers and analog synthesizers owing to their good electrical isolation, low signal distortion and ease of circuit design.
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