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EE110 Lab2 Ohm`s Law and Resistor Combinations
EE110 Lab2 Ohm`s Law and Resistor Combinations

... Ohm's law states that the voltage drop across a resistor has a linear relationship to the current flowing through the resistor. V=RI Graphically this linear relationship (similar to the familiar y = m x) is represented by a line when the current through the resistor is plotted against the voltage ac ...
FSTD16211 24-Bit Bus Switch with Level Shifting FSTD16 21
FSTD16211 24-Bit Bus Switch with Level Shifting FSTD16 21

... DC Switch Voltage (VS) (Note 4) DC Input Control Pin Voltage (VIN)(Note 5) DC Input Diode Current (lIK) VIN  0V DC Output (IOUT) ...
Spectral analysis of a PWM signal
Spectral analysis of a PWM signal

... presented in this text are often only accurate to a certain degree, as deviations in these voltages introduce errors in the final results. The duty cycle of a PWM signal is defined as the ratio of the high time to the period time. For example, if a PWM signal has a base frequency of 1 kHz, one perio ...
LM358 - Engineering Electronics Shop
LM358 - Engineering Electronics Shop

... supply should be of short time duration. Units can be destroyed, not as a result of the short circuit current causing metal fusing, but rather due to the large increase in IC chip dissipation which will cause eventual failure due to excessive function temperatures. Putting direct short-circuits on m ...
Basic Circuit Elements
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... voltage sources. A voltage source is an element where the voltage across the terminals is determined by the value of that voltage source. The value of the voltage is the defining characteristic of a voltage source. Any value of the current can go through the voltage source, in either direction. The ...
P0024_pdf - Acuity Brands
P0024_pdf - Acuity Brands

Source Resistance Induced Distortion in Op Amps
Source Resistance Induced Distortion in Op Amps

... shown in Figure 1. The readings at 1kHz and 10kHz were recorded for various values of source resistance from 100Ω to 100k. The measured results for several op amps are plotted in Figures 2 and 3. ...
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... Over the years, Sharp has introduced a family of infra-red detectors. These detectors boast a small package, very little current consumption, and a variety of output options. This article offers an overview of the various types, information on interfacing them, and hints and tips. A Little History I ...
model sr540 optical chopper
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... The Model SR540 Optical Chopper is used to square-wave modulate the intensity of optical signals. The unit can chop light sources at rates from 4 Hz to 3.7 kHz. Versatile, low jitter reference outputs provide the synchronizing signals required for several operating modes: single or dual beam; sum & ...
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FSB70250 Motion SPM 7 Series ®

... 2nd Notes: 1. BVDSS is the absolute maximum voltage rating between drain and source terminal of each MOSFET inside Motion SPM® 7 product. VPN should be sufficiently less than this value considering the effect of the stray inductance so that VPN should not exceed BVDSS in any case. 2. tON and tOFF in ...
Experiment/Project 1 Diodes/LEDs/Polarity Checker
Experiment/Project 1 Diodes/LEDs/Polarity Checker

... If the voltage is applied with proper polarity, the circuit should respond by lighting a Green LED. If the voltage is applied with the wrong polarity, have the circuit respond by lighting a Red LED and sounding a buzzer. The buzzer will operate on any DC voltage from 3 to 18 volts at a current of 10 ...
The Comparison of the Pulse and Constant
The Comparison of the Pulse and Constant

... Described above controlling facility of observed luminance causes that PWM method has become very popular for several years. We can find on market many devices: specialized integrated circuits [3, 4, 5] or whole PWM controllers. There are also proposals of application PWM technique in FPGA structure ...
Current Digital to Analog Converter
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... In production the IDAC is calibrated at room temperature. If the temperature where the MCU is used in varies from this, the calibration value might be off. This software example uses the ADC to measure the current sent through an external resistor connected to ADC channel pin, see Figure 3.1 (p. 6) ...
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ConcepTest 25.1 Capacitors
ConcepTest 25.1 Capacitors

... a potential difference of 400 V and is then disconnected from the charging battery. If the plate spacing is now doubled (without changing Q), what is the new value of the voltage? Once the battery is disconnected, Q has to remain constant, constant since no charge can flow either to or from the batt ...
555 Timer.ppt - 123SeminarsOnly.com
555 Timer.ppt - 123SeminarsOnly.com

series circuit. - GZ @ Science Class Online
series circuit. - GZ @ Science Class Online

IEEE Conference Paper Template
IEEE Conference Paper Template

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BargeSafe Manual File: pdf / Size: 1 MB

... The light will run from a 6v or 12v dry-cell, or can be supplied with an advanced rechargeable battery pack and charge controller. Advanced onboard circuitry incorporates a DC/DC converter which will maintain the required light source intensity over varying battery voltage. The barge light casing an ...
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... 2. MIC pre amplifier with a socket for external dynamic MIC 3. Audio amplifier for amplification of low level external input signal 4. Frequency modulation 5. Telescopic whip antenna SINE WAVE GENERATOR: A sine wave generator acts as an on board modulating signal source and generates an audio freque ...
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BELT-PACK IFB AMPLIFIER type C1MB

... can be used to ensure a safe listening level over a wide range of input signal levels and also improves signal intelligibility by preventing clipping of the output signal as the battery discharges. When the loudspeaker is used, the limiter significantly extends battery life by limiting the peak curr ...
EMBEDDED DESIGN of TEMPERATURE CONTROLLER
EMBEDDED DESIGN of TEMPERATURE CONTROLLER

Current Transducer ITZ 10000-SB FLEX ULTRASTAB I = 10000 A
Current Transducer ITZ 10000-SB FLEX ULTRASTAB I = 10000 A

... In this case, the over current trip level is set to 120 % of IPN DC. The secondary current is tracked until the primary AC peak exceeds this trip level. Then, the rack electronics shut down the measuring circuit and wait until the primary AC peak becomes lower than the set trip level. - High freque ...
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Resistive opto-isolator



Resistive opto-isolator (RO), also called photoresistive opto-isolator, vactrol (after a genericized trademark introduced by Vactec, Inc. in the 1960s), analog opto-isolator or lamp-coupled photocell, is an optoelectronic device consisting of a source and detector of light, which are optically coupled and electrically isolated from each other. The light source is usually a light-emitting diode (LED), a miniature incandescent lamp, or sometimes a neon lamp, whereas the detector is a semiconductor-based photoresistor made of cadmium selenide (CdSe) or cadmium sulfide (CdS). The source and detector are coupled through a transparent glue or through the air.Electrically, RO is a resistance controlled by the current flowing through the light source. In the dark state, the resistance typically exceeds a few MOhm; when illuminated, it decreases as the inverse of the light intensity. In contrast to the photodiode and phototransistor, the photoresistor can operate in both the AC and DC circuits and have a voltage of several hundred volts across it. The harmonic distortions of the output current by the RO are typically within 0.1% at voltages below 0.5 V.RO is the first and the slowest opto-isolator: its switching time exceeds 1 ms, and for the lamp-based models can reach hundreds of milliseconds. Parasitic capacitance limits the frequency range of the photoresistor by ultrasonic frequencies. Cadmium-based photoresistors exhibit a ""memory effect"": their resistance depends on the illumination history; it also drifts during the illumination and stabilizes within hours, or even weeks for high-sensitivity models. Heating induces irreversible degradation of ROs, whereas cooling to below −25 °C dramatically increases the response time. Therefore, ROs were mostly replaced in the 1970s by the faster and more stable photodiodes and photoresistors. ROs are still used in some sound equipment, guitar amplifiers and analog synthesizers owing to their good electrical isolation, low signal distortion and ease of circuit design.
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