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Aalborg Universitet Envelope Signals
Aalborg Universitet Envelope Signals

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... The equivalent resistance of a series combination of resistors is the algebraic sum of the individual resistances and is always greater than any of the individual resistances If one device in the series circuit creates an open circuit, all devices are ...
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14ELN15_Question Bank
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... a). Equal to 1 b). More than 10 c). More than 100 d). Less than 1 Ans - Less than 1 18). In a transistor, signal is transferred from a ……………. Circuit a). High resistance to Low resistance b). Low resistance to High resistance c). Low resistance to Low resistance d).High resistance to High resistance ...
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ISO122 Precision Lowest Cost Isolation Amplifier (Rev. A)
ISO122 Precision Lowest Cost Isolation Amplifier (Rev. A)

... The ISO122 amplifier transmits the signal across the isolation barrier by a 500kHz duty cycle modulation technique. For input signals having frequencies below 250 kHz, this system works like any linear amplifier. But for frequencies above 250 kHz, the behavior is similar to that of a sampling amplif ...
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MAE140 Linear Circuits (for non

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Constructing an High Power, Low Cost LED - Microscopy-UK

... I needed lighting for examination of spiders with my stereo microscope, and faced by the high cost of a dual arm fibre–optic illuminator used by professionals I looked for a cheaper solution. Some of the features that I wanted for my application were:  High intensity. Spider work requires magnifica ...
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Specification - ELECTRONIX.ru

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... The LS-TTL output high voltage of VOH = 2.8 volts is not sufficient to meet the CMOS input high VIH = 3.0 volts. Since the LSTTL VOL is 0.4 volts and the CMOS VIL is 2.0 volts, the CMOS input low A pull-up resistor is required to allow the voltage is compatible with the LSTTL low LS-TTL output to go ...
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... Applies the system line voltage to motor terminals to start a motor. The resulting inrush current can be high, ranging from 400 % to 1000 % of full load current. Figure 1 shows the typical inrush current of 600 %. Full voltage starting also provides high starting torque (about 150 % of full load tor ...
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Resistive opto-isolator



Resistive opto-isolator (RO), also called photoresistive opto-isolator, vactrol (after a genericized trademark introduced by Vactec, Inc. in the 1960s), analog opto-isolator or lamp-coupled photocell, is an optoelectronic device consisting of a source and detector of light, which are optically coupled and electrically isolated from each other. The light source is usually a light-emitting diode (LED), a miniature incandescent lamp, or sometimes a neon lamp, whereas the detector is a semiconductor-based photoresistor made of cadmium selenide (CdSe) or cadmium sulfide (CdS). The source and detector are coupled through a transparent glue or through the air.Electrically, RO is a resistance controlled by the current flowing through the light source. In the dark state, the resistance typically exceeds a few MOhm; when illuminated, it decreases as the inverse of the light intensity. In contrast to the photodiode and phototransistor, the photoresistor can operate in both the AC and DC circuits and have a voltage of several hundred volts across it. The harmonic distortions of the output current by the RO are typically within 0.1% at voltages below 0.5 V.RO is the first and the slowest opto-isolator: its switching time exceeds 1 ms, and for the lamp-based models can reach hundreds of milliseconds. Parasitic capacitance limits the frequency range of the photoresistor by ultrasonic frequencies. Cadmium-based photoresistors exhibit a ""memory effect"": their resistance depends on the illumination history; it also drifts during the illumination and stabilizes within hours, or even weeks for high-sensitivity models. Heating induces irreversible degradation of ROs, whereas cooling to below −25 °C dramatically increases the response time. Therefore, ROs were mostly replaced in the 1970s by the faster and more stable photodiodes and photoresistors. ROs are still used in some sound equipment, guitar amplifiers and analog synthesizers owing to their good electrical isolation, low signal distortion and ease of circuit design.
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