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Physics 111 Fall 2007 Electric Currents and DC Circuits
Physics 111 Fall 2007 Electric Currents and DC Circuits

... is a device that applies a strong electric shock to the chest over a time interval of a few milliseconds. The device contains a capacitor of several microfarads, charged to several thousand volts. Electrodes called paddles, about 8 cm across and coated with conducting paste, are held against the che ...
IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IOSR-JEEE) e-ISSN: 2278-1676,p-ISSN: 2320-3331,
IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IOSR-JEEE) e-ISSN: 2278-1676,p-ISSN: 2320-3331,

Electricity and Circuits
Electricity and Circuits

... a. Where should you connect the positive and negative terminals of a battery? b. Where should you connect other circuit components, such as lamps and resistors? c. How are the holes in a circuit board connected to each other? ...
ESD8104 - ESD Protection Diode
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An Ideal Inverter Real Inverters
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inductive high voltage pulse generator based on resonance system
inductive high voltage pulse generator based on resonance system

... A high voltage pulse generator based on inductive intermediate energy storage has been constructed. The current switching technique used in the generator is based on a resonance system. Opening switches for high currents are generally difficult to construct and the switch used here has proven to tur ...
(A) resistance
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... A superconductor is a material that conducts electricity with very little resistance at very low temperatures. Superconductors can be used to make very fast circuits and to make magnets levitate. 32 of 46 ...
LMX1501A/LMX1511 PLLatinum 1.1 GHz Frequency Synthesizer for RF Personal Communications LMX1501A/LMX1511
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... **RIN increases impedance so that VCO output power is provided to the load rather than the PLL. Typical values are 10X to 200X depending on the VCO power level. fIN RF impedance ranges from 40X to 100X. ***50X termination is often used on test boards to allow use of external reference oscillator. Fo ...
BD9207FPS : LED / LCD Drivers
BD9207FPS : LED / LCD Drivers

... Our Products are designed and manufactured for use under standard conditions and not under any special or extraordinary environments or conditions, as exemplified below. Accordingly, ROHM shall not be in any way responsible or liable for any damages, expenses or losses arising from the use of any RO ...
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... Ex) One 60 W incandescent lightbulb is replaced with an 8 W  LED light. If the bulbs were both operated for 5 hours a day, how  much was saved?  ...
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Basic Measurements with Electric Circuits

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Report on NoiseGenerator

... bulk avalanche mechanism under reversed biased condition. A typical solid-state noise source is special low capacitance diode that generates noise with a constant current. When the diode is biased, the output noise will be greater than KT∆f due to avalanche noise generation in diode. When unbiased, ...
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... • A snapshot test is performed to analyze multiple data frames before and after a trigger, usually a fault code or manually keyed. • SAE J1587 and J1939 codes and protocols numerically code all on-board electronic systems, parameters, and failure modes. • Most truck manufacturers have made the PC th ...
field installable fluorescent battery pack
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... switchable unit. Switchable fixtures require that an unswitched circuit supply the battery charger and a switched circuit supply the fixture ballast. This permits lamps to be turned off without affecting the charger. (Charger will keep batteries at full charge). 3. Make sure that branch circuit feed ...
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AD53500 英文数据手册DataSheet 下载
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... negative supply)—failure to do so causes considerable thermal stress in the current-limiting resistor(s) during normal supply sequencing and may ultimately cause them to fail, rendering the part nonfunctional. Finally, the AD53500 may appear to function normally for small output steps (less than 3 V ...
A Contrast Sensitive Silicon Retina with Reciprocal Synapses
A Contrast Sensitive Silicon Retina with Reciprocal Synapses

... one to trade-off resolution for enhanced signal-to-noise ratio, thereby revealing low-contrast stimuli in the presence of large transistor mismatch. In the vertebrate retina, gap junctions between photoreceptors perform this function [5]. At these specialized synapses, pores in the cell membranes ar ...
Power MOS FET Relay G3DZ Maximum AC/DC Switching Current of
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... Load Connection When connecting a load generating a high inrush current (such as a lamp load) to the MOS FET Relay, make sure that the MOS FET Relay can withstand the inrush current. OMRON’s datasheets show the non-repetitive peak value of the MOS FET Relay’s inrush current durability. Normally allo ...
No Slide Title
No Slide Title

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Resistive opto-isolator



Resistive opto-isolator (RO), also called photoresistive opto-isolator, vactrol (after a genericized trademark introduced by Vactec, Inc. in the 1960s), analog opto-isolator or lamp-coupled photocell, is an optoelectronic device consisting of a source and detector of light, which are optically coupled and electrically isolated from each other. The light source is usually a light-emitting diode (LED), a miniature incandescent lamp, or sometimes a neon lamp, whereas the detector is a semiconductor-based photoresistor made of cadmium selenide (CdSe) or cadmium sulfide (CdS). The source and detector are coupled through a transparent glue or through the air.Electrically, RO is a resistance controlled by the current flowing through the light source. In the dark state, the resistance typically exceeds a few MOhm; when illuminated, it decreases as the inverse of the light intensity. In contrast to the photodiode and phototransistor, the photoresistor can operate in both the AC and DC circuits and have a voltage of several hundred volts across it. The harmonic distortions of the output current by the RO are typically within 0.1% at voltages below 0.5 V.RO is the first and the slowest opto-isolator: its switching time exceeds 1 ms, and for the lamp-based models can reach hundreds of milliseconds. Parasitic capacitance limits the frequency range of the photoresistor by ultrasonic frequencies. Cadmium-based photoresistors exhibit a ""memory effect"": their resistance depends on the illumination history; it also drifts during the illumination and stabilizes within hours, or even weeks for high-sensitivity models. Heating induces irreversible degradation of ROs, whereas cooling to below −25 °C dramatically increases the response time. Therefore, ROs were mostly replaced in the 1970s by the faster and more stable photodiodes and photoresistors. ROs are still used in some sound equipment, guitar amplifiers and analog synthesizers owing to their good electrical isolation, low signal distortion and ease of circuit design.
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