Chapter 7 Input–Output Formulation of Optical Cavities
... Abstract In preceding chapters we have used a master-equation treatment to calculate the photon statistics inside an optical cavity when the internal field is damped. This approach is based on treating the field external to the cavity, to which the system is coupled, as a heat bath. The heat bath is ...
... Abstract In preceding chapters we have used a master-equation treatment to calculate the photon statistics inside an optical cavity when the internal field is damped. This approach is based on treating the field external to the cavity, to which the system is coupled, as a heat bath. The heat bath is ...
Oxford Master Course in Mathematical and Theoretical Physics
... theoretical physics. Evaluation criteria include the BA degree class (or equivalent), letters of reference, personal statements and prior performance on mathematical and theoretical physics courses. A necessary condition for admission to the course is a 2.i or higher degree class at BA level for MMa ...
... theoretical physics. Evaluation criteria include the BA degree class (or equivalent), letters of reference, personal statements and prior performance on mathematical and theoretical physics courses. A necessary condition for admission to the course is a 2.i or higher degree class at BA level for MMa ...
String Theory 101 - King`s College London
... has quite a few parameters which are only fixed by experimental observation. What fixes these? It postulates a certain spectrum of fundamental particle states but why these? In particular these particle states form three families, each of which is a copy of the others, differing only in their masses ...
... has quite a few parameters which are only fixed by experimental observation. What fixes these? It postulates a certain spectrum of fundamental particle states but why these? In particular these particle states form three families, each of which is a copy of the others, differing only in their masses ...
Microsoft Word - ANL_form6
... This proposal addresses to one of the foundation stones of modern physics: critical phenomena and phase transitions. Statistical physics is of growing importance in areas ranging from condensed matter physics to cosmology (including problems regarding the origin of the universe itself and of life wi ...
... This proposal addresses to one of the foundation stones of modern physics: critical phenomena and phase transitions. Statistical physics is of growing importance in areas ranging from condensed matter physics to cosmology (including problems regarding the origin of the universe itself and of life wi ...
Elements of QFT in Curved Space-Time
... The basis of the theory are the principles of equivalence and general covariance. There are covariant equations for the matter (fields and particles, fluids etc) and Einstein equations for the gravitational field gµν ...
... The basis of the theory are the principles of equivalence and general covariance. There are covariant equations for the matter (fields and particles, fluids etc) and Einstein equations for the gravitational field gµν ...
Locally critical quantum phase transitions in strongly
... on a prototype system: heavy fermion metals at a zero-temperature magnetic transition. In particular, neutron scattering from CeCu6-x Aux has revealed anomalous dynamics at atomic length scales, leading to much debate as to the fate of the local moments in the quantum-critical regime. Here we report ...
... on a prototype system: heavy fermion metals at a zero-temperature magnetic transition. In particular, neutron scattering from CeCu6-x Aux has revealed anomalous dynamics at atomic length scales, leading to much debate as to the fate of the local moments in the quantum-critical regime. Here we report ...
Lorentz violating field theories and nonperturbative physics
... Here it is assumed that the Lorentz transformations act such that c as well as an energy scale EDSR are invariant. The physical energy/momentum are taken to be given by ...
... Here it is assumed that the Lorentz transformations act such that c as well as an energy scale EDSR are invariant. The physical energy/momentum are taken to be given by ...
Non-local quantum effects in cosmology 1
... effects. In cosmology, where the evolution of the scale factor depends only on time, this means that loops can generate temporal non-localities. There will be modifications to the FLRW (Friedmann, Lemaı̂tre, Robertson, Walker) equations governing the scale factor a(t), which in the classical theory ...
... effects. In cosmology, where the evolution of the scale factor depends only on time, this means that loops can generate temporal non-localities. There will be modifications to the FLRW (Friedmann, Lemaı̂tre, Robertson, Walker) equations governing the scale factor a(t), which in the classical theory ...
Deformation quantization for fermionic fields
... Since the mathematical point of view, the deformation quantization is very well posed, nevertheless its application to physical systems presents large difficulties. The deformation quantization has been extensively studied for systems with a finite number degrees of freedom, and is natural to be ask ...
... Since the mathematical point of view, the deformation quantization is very well posed, nevertheless its application to physical systems presents large difficulties. The deformation quantization has been extensively studied for systems with a finite number degrees of freedom, and is natural to be ask ...
Entanglement Entropy at Infinite-Randomness Fixed Points in Higher Dimensions Yu-Cheng Lin,
... law’’ [3,4]. This area relationship is known to be violated for gapless fermionic systems [5] in which a logarithmic multiplicative correction is found. One might suspect that whether the area law holds or not depends on whether the correlation length is finite or diverges. However, it has turned ou ...
... law’’ [3,4]. This area relationship is known to be violated for gapless fermionic systems [5] in which a logarithmic multiplicative correction is found. One might suspect that whether the area law holds or not depends on whether the correlation length is finite or diverges. However, it has turned ou ...
Deconfined Quantum Critical Points
... The theory of continuous phase transitions is one of the foundations of statistical mechanics and condensed matter theory. A central concept in this theory is that of the ”order parameter”; its nonzero expectation value characterizes a broken symmetry of the Hamiltonian in an ordered phase and it go ...
... The theory of continuous phase transitions is one of the foundations of statistical mechanics and condensed matter theory. A central concept in this theory is that of the ”order parameter”; its nonzero expectation value characterizes a broken symmetry of the Hamiltonian in an ordered phase and it go ...
Thermodynamics of the high temperature Quark-Gluon - IPhT
... These are at present the unique tools allowing a detailed study of the transition region where various interesting phenomena are taking place, such as colour deconfinement or chiral symmetry restoration. In these lectures, we shall not consider this transition region, but focus rather on the high te ...
... These are at present the unique tools allowing a detailed study of the transition region where various interesting phenomena are taking place, such as colour deconfinement or chiral symmetry restoration. In these lectures, we shall not consider this transition region, but focus rather on the high te ...
Quantum field theory in curved spacetime
... symmetry of fundamental interactions. In other words, quantum fields look the same to all inertial observers. However, these symmetries are far too restrictive if quantum field theory is to be understood in the sense of general relativity. The principle of general covariance asserts that the laws of ...
... symmetry of fundamental interactions. In other words, quantum fields look the same to all inertial observers. However, these symmetries are far too restrictive if quantum field theory is to be understood in the sense of general relativity. The principle of general covariance asserts that the laws of ...
Scale invariance
In physics, mathematics, statistics, and economics, scale invariance is a feature of objects or laws that do not change if scales of length, energy, or other variables, are multiplied by a common factor. The technical term for this transformation is a dilatation (also known as dilation), and the dilatations can also form part of a larger conformal symmetry.In mathematics, scale invariance usually refers to an invariance of individual functions or curves. A closely related concept is self-similarity, where a function or curve is invariant under a discrete subset of the dilatations. It is also possible for the probability distributions of random processes to display this kind of scale invariance or self-similarity.In classical field theory, scale invariance most commonly applies to the invariance of a whole theory under dilatations. Such theories typically describe classical physical processes with no characteristic length scale.In quantum field theory, scale invariance has an interpretation in terms of particle physics. In a scale-invariant theory, the strength of particle interactions does not depend on the energy of the particles involved.In statistical mechanics, scale invariance is a feature of phase transitions. The key observation is that near a phase transition or critical point, fluctuations occur at all length scales, and thus one should look for an explicitly scale-invariant theory to describe the phenomena. Such theories are scale-invariant statistical field theories, and are formally very similar to scale-invariant quantum field theories.Universality is the observation that widely different microscopic systems can display the same behaviour at a phase transition. Thus phase transitions in many different systems may be described by the same underlying scale-invariant theory.In general, dimensionless quantities are scale invariant. The analogous concept in statistics are standardized moments, which are scale invariant statistics of a variable, while the unstandardized moments are not.