Coherence of atomic matter-wave fields - IAP TU
... properties of the atoms, or center-of-mass properties, or both. Measurements may or may not remove atoms from the field, hence the role of the annihilation operator is not as central as for light fields. Due to the added complexity of that situation as compared to the optical case, no unified theory ...
... properties of the atoms, or center-of-mass properties, or both. Measurements may or may not remove atoms from the field, hence the role of the annihilation operator is not as central as for light fields. Due to the added complexity of that situation as compared to the optical case, no unified theory ...
Conformal field theory for inhomogeneous one
... that will hold more generally. We find that the varying energy scale is taken into account rather naturally in the effective field theory, in the form of varying parameters in the action. Interestingly, the metric is one such parameter, so one generically ends up with a CFT in curved 2D space. These ...
... that will hold more generally. We find that the varying energy scale is taken into account rather naturally in the effective field theory, in the form of varying parameters in the action. Interestingly, the metric is one such parameter, so one generically ends up with a CFT in curved 2D space. These ...
Thermal and Quantum Phase Transitions
... – the latter assumption is justified near critical points. The goal is to derive thermodynamic properties near phase transitions. A major obstacle in simple calculations is that the thermodynamic potential and its derivatives are non-analytic (as function of external parameters) at the critical poin ...
... – the latter assumption is justified near critical points. The goal is to derive thermodynamic properties near phase transitions. A major obstacle in simple calculations is that the thermodynamic potential and its derivatives are non-analytic (as function of external parameters) at the critical poin ...
Geometrical Aspects of Conformal Quantum Field Theory
... In the early seventies, when the mysterious nature of nuclear forces was in the focus of scientific attention, string theory was invented to solve this mystery. Its most remarkable feature is that its basic constituents are not point particles—in contrast to all other theories before—but rather one– ...
... In the early seventies, when the mysterious nature of nuclear forces was in the focus of scientific attention, string theory was invented to solve this mystery. Its most remarkable feature is that its basic constituents are not point particles—in contrast to all other theories before—but rather one– ...
Lectures on String Theory - UCI Physics and Astronomy
... as a quantum field theory on the (1+1) dimensional worldsheet of the string, S = d σ Lstring . There exist many such quantum field theories and so there exist many string theories. Further, for some string theories the strings themselves arise from wrapped higher-dimensional objects and hence can ha ...
... as a quantum field theory on the (1+1) dimensional worldsheet of the string, S = d σ Lstring . There exist many such quantum field theories and so there exist many string theories. Further, for some string theories the strings themselves arise from wrapped higher-dimensional objects and hence can ha ...
The Facets of Relativistic Quantum Field Theory1
... spectively. These approaches intend to provide a solid basis of a quantum field theory on a rigorous mathematical footing, which is to serve as a framework for developing detailed theories related to phenomena. Hence, this foundational work mainly deals with general structures, exploiting in partic ...
... spectively. These approaches intend to provide a solid basis of a quantum field theory on a rigorous mathematical footing, which is to serve as a framework for developing detailed theories related to phenomena. Hence, this foundational work mainly deals with general structures, exploiting in partic ...
Applied Gauge/Gravity Duality from Supergravity to Superconductivity Francesco Aprile
... the microscopic information is not important and short distances degrees of freedom can be integrated out. Then, according to the Wilsonian renormalization group flow, the resulting theory will be described only by a finite number of relevant and marginal terms [4]. The idea of integrating out micro ...
... the microscopic information is not important and short distances degrees of freedom can be integrated out. Then, according to the Wilsonian renormalization group flow, the resulting theory will be described only by a finite number of relevant and marginal terms [4]. The idea of integrating out micro ...
Waxman
... Classically, an electric field consists of waves which are well defined both in amplitude and phase. That is not the case for the quantum radiation field. An electromagnetic field in the state |n> got a well defined amplitude, but completely uncertain phase. We can also describe the field in terms o ...
... Classically, an electric field consists of waves which are well defined both in amplitude and phase. That is not the case for the quantum radiation field. An electromagnetic field in the state |n> got a well defined amplitude, but completely uncertain phase. We can also describe the field in terms o ...
- IISER
... Remark: IPhD students must choose the 600 level electives in Semester IV in such a way that their choice ...
... Remark: IPhD students must choose the 600 level electives in Semester IV in such a way that their choice ...
Scale invariance
In physics, mathematics, statistics, and economics, scale invariance is a feature of objects or laws that do not change if scales of length, energy, or other variables, are multiplied by a common factor. The technical term for this transformation is a dilatation (also known as dilation), and the dilatations can also form part of a larger conformal symmetry.In mathematics, scale invariance usually refers to an invariance of individual functions or curves. A closely related concept is self-similarity, where a function or curve is invariant under a discrete subset of the dilatations. It is also possible for the probability distributions of random processes to display this kind of scale invariance or self-similarity.In classical field theory, scale invariance most commonly applies to the invariance of a whole theory under dilatations. Such theories typically describe classical physical processes with no characteristic length scale.In quantum field theory, scale invariance has an interpretation in terms of particle physics. In a scale-invariant theory, the strength of particle interactions does not depend on the energy of the particles involved.In statistical mechanics, scale invariance is a feature of phase transitions. The key observation is that near a phase transition or critical point, fluctuations occur at all length scales, and thus one should look for an explicitly scale-invariant theory to describe the phenomena. Such theories are scale-invariant statistical field theories, and are formally very similar to scale-invariant quantum field theories.Universality is the observation that widely different microscopic systems can display the same behaviour at a phase transition. Thus phase transitions in many different systems may be described by the same underlying scale-invariant theory.In general, dimensionless quantities are scale invariant. The analogous concept in statistics are standardized moments, which are scale invariant statistics of a variable, while the unstandardized moments are not.